18.11 LVS DR模式搭建 18.12 keepalived + LVS

时间 2019-11-13

标签 18.11 lvs 模式搭建 18.12 keepalived 栏目负载均衡繁體版

原文原文链接

18.11 LVS DR模式搭建

准备工做

三台机器，三台机器均有公网IP。html

调度器（director）
IP：192.168.230.135
real server1(real1)
IP：192.168.230.130
real server2(real2)
IP：192.168.230.145
VIP：192.168.230.200

开始搭建linux

配置director 算法

[root@cham002 ~]# vim /usr/local/sbin/lvs_dr.sh

#! /bin/bash
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
ipv=/usr/sbin/ipvsadm
vip=192.168.230.200
rs1=192.168.230.130
rs2=192.168.230.145
#注意这里的网卡名字
ifdown ens33
ifup ens33
ifconfig ens33:2 $vip broadcast $vip netmask 255.255.255.255 up
route add -host $vip dev ens33:2
$ipv -C
$ipv -A -t $vip:80 -s rr
$ipv -a -t $vip:80 -r $rs1:80 -g -w 1
$ipv -a -t $vip:80 -r $rs2:80 -g -w 1

执行脚本：
[root@cham002 ~]# sh /usr/local/sbin/lvs_dr.sh 
成功断开设备 'ens33'。
成功激活的链接（D-Bus 激活路径：/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/6）
[root@cham002 ~]# ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b6:9f:e3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.230.135/24 brd 192.168.230.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.230.200/32 brd 192.168.230.200 scope global ens33:2
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.230.150/24 brd 192.168.230.255 scope global secondary ens33:0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::6f15:52d3:ebeb:e193/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens37: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b6:9f:ed brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.118.147/24 brd 192.168.118.255 scope global ens37
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.100.1/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global ens37
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::1801:cbbb:ebcc:89a3/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

注： VIP绑定到了ens33网卡上。shell

脚本解释vim

#! /bin/bash
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
#开启端口转发
ipv=/usr/sbin/ipvsadm
vip=192.168.230.200
rs1=192.168.230.130
rs2=192.168.230.145
#注意这里的网卡名字
ifdown ens33
ifup ens33
#在此重启网卡的目的是避免重复设置命令行提供的IP
ifconfig ens33:2 $vip broadcast $vip netmask 255.255.255.255 up
#绑定VIP到dir的虚拟网卡ens33:2
route add -host $vip dev ens33:2
#添加网关
$ipv -C
$ipv -A -t $vip:80 -s wrr
$ipv -a -t $vip:80 -r $rs1:80 -g -w 1
$ipv -a -t $vip:80 -r $rs2:80 -g -w 1
#设置ipvsadm规则，-g=gateway：使用默认网关（DR模式）

配置real server

分别在real一、real2配置下面的脚本：浏览器

##real1（130）
[root@cham1 ~]# vi /usr/local/sbin/lvs_rs.sh

#/bin/bash
vip=192.168.230.200
#把vip绑定在lo上，是为了实现rs直接把结果返回给客户端
ifdown lo
ifup lo
ifconfig lo:0 $vip broadcast $vip netmask 255.255.255.255 up
route add -host $vip lo:0
#如下操做为更改arp内核参数，目的是为了让rs顺利发送mac地址给客户端
#参考文档www.cnblogs.com/lgfeng/archive/2012/10/16/2726308.html
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

执行脚本：
[root@cham1 ~]# vi /usr/local/sbin/lvs_rs.sh
[root@cham1 ~]# sh !$
sh /usr/local/sbin/lvs_rs.sh

[root@cham1 ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.230.2   0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 ens33
192.168.230.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens33
192.168.230.200 0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255 UH    0      0        0 lo

[root@cham1 ~]# ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.230.200/32 brd 192.168.230.200 scope global lo:0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:90:35:d9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.230.130/24 brd 192.168.230.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::7fe3:4489:d9af:a1ed/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::6f15:52d3:ebeb:e193/64 scope link tentative dadfailed 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever


##rs2(145)
[root@test ~]# vim /usr/local/sbin/lvs_rs.sh
[root@test ~]# sh !$
sh /usr/local/sbin/lvs_rs.sh

[root@test ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.230.2   0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 ens33
192.168.230.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 ens33
192.168.230.200 0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255 UH    0      0        0 lo

[root@test ~]# ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.230.200/32 brd 192.168.230.200 scope global lo:0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:50:f9:44 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.230.145/24 brd 192.168.230.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::9b07:b28d:f5e9:d107/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

135 bash

[root@cham002 ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.230.200:80 rr
  -> 192.168.230.130:80           Route   1      0          1         
  -> 192.168.230.145:80           Route   1      0          1         
[root@cham002 ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.230.200:80 rr
  -> 192.168.230.130:80           Route   1      2          1         
  -> 192.168.230.145:80           Route   1      1          1         
[root@cham002 ~]#

测试

在浏览器访问VIP：192.168.230.200，刷新网页，访问结果由real一、real2交替回复。服务器

开另外一台同网段虚拟机测试！网络

Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
[d:\~]$ ssh 192.168.230.140


Connecting to 192.168.230.140:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.

Last login: Fri Nov 17 15:14:29 2017 from 192.168.230.1
[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  145 backup backup.
[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  130

[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  145 backup backup.
[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  130

[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  145 backup backup.
[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  130

[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  145 backup backup.
[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  130

18.12 Keepalived LVS

完整的架构须要两台服务器（角色为dir），分别安装Keepalived工具，目的是实现高可用，但Keepalived自己也有负载均衡功能，因此本次使用能够只安装一台Keepalived。Keepalived内置了ipvsadm的功能，因此不须要安装ipvsadm包，也不用编写和执行lvs_dr脚本。架构

准备工做

三台机器：

调度器director：
IP：192.168.230.135；安装Keepalived
real server（real1）：
IP：192.168.230.130
real server（real2）：
IP：192.168.230.145
VIP：192.168.230.200

•两台rs上，依然要执行/usr/local/sbin/lvs_rs.sh脚本

• keepalived有一个比较好的功能，能够在一台rs宕机时，再也不把请求转发过去

• 测试

配置director (由于咱们以前作keepalived高可用的时候已经安装过了）

[root@cham002 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    #备用服务器上为 BACKUP
    state MASTER
    #绑定vip的网卡为ens33，你的网卡和阿铭的可能不同，这里须要你改一下
    interface ens33
    virtual_router_id 51
    #备用服务器上为90
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass aminglinux
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.230.200
    }
}
virtual_server 192.168.230.200 80 {
    #(每隔10秒查询realserver状态)
    delay_loop 10
    #(lvs 算法)
    lb_algo wlc
    #(DR模式)
    lb_kind DR
    #(同一IP的链接60秒内被分配到同一台realserver)
    persistence_timeout 0
    #(用TCP协议检查realserver状态)
    protocol TCP
    real_server 192.168.230.130 80 {
        #(权重)
        weight 100
        TCP_CHECK {
        #(10秒无响应超时)
        connect_timeout 10
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
        }
    }
    real_server 192.168.230.145 80 {
        weight 100
        TCP_CHECK {
        connect_timeout 10
        nb_get_retry 3
        delay_before_retry 3
        connect_port 80
        }
     }
}

执行ipvsadm -C  把以前的ipvsadm规则清空掉
[root@cham002 ~]# ipvsadm -C

重启网络能够把以前的vip关掉
[root@cham002 ~]# systemctl restart network


启动Keepalived服务：
[root@cham002 ~]# systemctl start keepalived
[root@cham002 ~]# ps aux |grep keep
root     11296  0.0  0.1 120720  1404 ?        Ss   1月24   0:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root     11297  0.0  0.3 127460  3272 ?        S    1月24   0:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root     11298  0.0  0.3 131656  3032 ?        S    1月24   0:05 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root     47689  0.0  0.0 112680   976 pts/1    S+   00:31   0:00 grep --color=auto keep

查看网卡信息：
[root@cham002 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b6:9f:e3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.230.135/24 brd 192.168.230.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.230.200/32 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.230.150/24 brd 192.168.230.255 scope global secondary ens33:0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::6f15:52d3:ebeb:e193/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens37: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b6:9f:ed brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.118.147/24 brd 192.168.118.255 scope global ens37
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 192.168.100.1/24 brd 192.168.100.255 scope global ens37
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::1801:cbbb:ebcc:89a3/64 scope link 

[root@cham002 ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.230.200:80 wlc
  -> 192.168.230.130:80           Route   100    0          0         
  -> 192.168.230.145:80           Route   100    0          0

添加Keepalived后会自动将宕机的real server清除出rs列表。

若有一方的ngixn 宕掉了，能自动检测，开启后自动加载回来
[root@cham002 ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.230.200:80 wlc
  -> 192.168.230.145:80           Route   100    0          0         

[root@cham002 ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  192.168.230.200:80 wlc
  -> 192.168.230.130:80           Route   100    0          0         
  -> 192.168.230.145:80           Route   100    0          0

测试

To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.

Last login: Tue Jan 30 23:15:25 2018 from 192.168.230.1
130宕机
[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  145 backup backup.
[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  145 backup backup.
[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  145 backup backup.
[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  145 backup backup.
[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  145 backup backup.
[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  145 backup backup.
[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  145 backup backup.
[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  145 backup backup.
[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  145 backup backup.

145宕机
[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  130

[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  130

[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  130

[root@cham3 ~]# curl 192.168.230.200
cham  130

Keepalived+LVS做用

Keepalived搭建高可用保证LVS中director宕机后服务器不瘫痪
若是只使用LVS，那么当LVS架构中某个real server宕机后，director仍然会继续向其发送请求，