Java集合中HashMap平常问题及解决办法

前言javascript


  今天在学习Session的时候,利用了Session可持久化保存服务器端的特性尝试作了一下用HashMap嵌套的购物车(没有将购物车的商品信息保存在数据库中),之因此作的这么麻烦是为了巩固以前学习的Map知识和锻炼逻辑能力,正好也在其中遇到了一个关于HashMap 的问题,在此作个小小的记录,方便往后查看。
 html

问题java


  服务器端保存购物车商品信息用的是HashMap嵌套,内层HashMap存放的是商品和该商品的数量,内层的HashMap中只存放一组键值对,外层HashMap存放的是商品和该商品总价,根据页面传过来的商品id在数据库中获取到商品的信息,。再遍历HashMap根据id判断是否已经存在该商品,再针对不一样状况进行处理,所遇到的问题是购物车存在页面穿进来的该商品,那么我若是修改内层Map的Integer(数量),再修改外层HashMap的Value(该商品的总价),就会出现空指针异常,解决方案是先将商品总价保存起来,把内层HashMap从外层HashMap中remove掉,再修改商品数量,再将修改数量后的内层HashMap添加到外层HashMap中,代码以下:jquery

 

<%@ page import="java.util.List" pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
<%@ page import="model.Shop" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>购物</title>
    <script src="js/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<form action="shopcart" id="form">
    <input type="hidden" id="count" name="count" value="">
    <input type="hidden" id="id" name="goodid" value="">
    <table>
        <tr>
            <th>店铺码</th>
            <th>水果名</th>
            <th>价格</th>
            <th>类别</th>
            <th>操做</th>
        </tr>
        <%
            List<Shop> list = (List<Shop>) request.getAttribute("shoplist");
            for (int i=0;i<list.size();i++){
                Shop shop = list.get(i);
        %>
        <tr>
            <td><%=shop.getCode()%></td>
            <td><%=shop.getName()%></td>
            <td><%=shop.getPrice()%></td>
            <td><%=shop.getType()%></td>
            <td>
                <%--<a href="shopcart?goodid="--%>
                <a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="addToCart(<%=shop.getSid()%>)">添加到购物车</a>
            </td>
        </tr>
        <%}%>
    </table>
</form>
</body>
<script>
    function addToCart(id) {
        var count = prompt('添加数量是多少个');
        $("#id").val(id);
        $("#count").val(count);
        if (confirm("确认添加?")) {
            $("#form").submit();
        }
    }
</script>
</html>数据库

 

<%@ page import="model.Shop" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.Map" %>
<%@ page import="java.util.Set" %><%--
  Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
  User: asus
  Date: 2019/1/10
  Time: 23:40
  To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
    Map<Map<Shop,Integer>,Integer> cart = (Map<Map<Shop, Integer>, Integer>) session.getAttribute("shopcart");
    int sum = (int) session.getAttribute("sum");
%>
<table>
    <tr>
        <th>水果名</th>
        <th>价格</th>
        <th>类别</th>
        <th>数量/个</th>
        <th>小计/元</th>
    </tr>
    <%
        Set<Map<Shop, Integer>> set = cart.keySet();
        for (Map<Shop, Integer> shopIntegerMap : set) {
            Shop shop = shopIntegerMap.keySet().iterator().next();
    %>
    <tr>
        <td><%=shop.getName()%></td>
        <td><%=shop.getPrice()%></td>
        <td><%=shop.getType()%></td>
        <td>&nbsp;&nbsp;<%=shopIntegerMap.get(shop)%></td>
        <td><%=cart.get(shopIntegerMap)%></td>
    </tr>
    <%}%>
</table>
<br>
<th>合计:</th><%=sum%> 元
</body>
</html>服务器

 

出错代码待添加session

 

 

//此处写的是Shop是由于数据表中给定的表名是shop
package model;
/**
 * TODO
 *
 * @Author Whyat
 * @Date 2019/1/9 17:10
 */
public class Shop {
    private int sid,price;
    private String code,name,type;
    public Shop() {
    }
    public Shop(int price, String code, String name, String type) {
        this.price = price;
        this.code = code;
        this.name = name;
        this.type = type;
    }
    public Shop(int sid, int price, String code, String name, String type) {
        this.sid = sid;
        this.price = price;
        this.code = code;
        this.name = name;
        this.type = type;
    }
    public int getSid() {
        return sid;
    }
    public Shop setSid(int sid) {
        this.sid = sid;
        return this;
    }
    public int getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
    public Shop setPrice(int price) {
        this.price = price;
        return this;
    }
    public String getCode() {
        return code;
    }
    public Shop setCode(String code) {
        this.code = code;
        return this;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public Shop setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        return this;
    }
    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }
    public Shop setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
        return this;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Shop{" +
                "sid=" + sid +
                ", price=" + price +
                ", code='" + code + '\'' +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

 

结论ide

 

  在Key嵌套HashMap的HashMap,若是修改已经存放的Key的内容时,再用修改后的外层Key去获取外层HashMap的Value,是会报空指针异常的。可是若是不是HashMap嵌套,这样作是不会出异常,以上结论仅根据作的简单的测试得出的,若有错误,望不吝赐教。学习

 

 

package servlet;
import model.Good;
import model.Shop;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
/**
 * TODO
 *
 * @Author Whyat
 * @Date 2019/1/10 22:05
 */
public class test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //test1();
        test2();
    }
    /**
     *  修改map外面的key的内容内层的key的内容也会改变,
     *  再用修改后的key去得到以前的value是能够的,
     *  并且能够覆盖以前的键值对
     */
    private static void test1() {
        Map<Shop, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
        Shop shop = new Shop(2, 3, "code", "name", "type");
        map.put(shop, 3);
        shop.setSid(4);
        int i = map.get(shop);
        Set<Shop> set = map.keySet();
        for (Shop shop1 : set) {
            System.out.println(shop1);
        }
        map.put(shop, 4);
        System.out.println("...");
    }
    /**
     * 修改外层的key,根据key获取外层的value会出现空指针异常
     */
    private static void test2() {
        Map<Map<Good,Integer>, Integer> bigMap = new HashMap<>();
        Map<Good,Integer> smallMap = new HashMap<>();
        Good good = new Good(1, "name", "class", 10, "code");
        smallMap.put(good, 5);         bigMap.put(smallMap, 100);         //修改了内层小map的内容         smallMap.put(good, 6);         //大map再根据小map获取以前大map的value报空指针异常         int i = bigMap.get(smallMap);         bigMap.put(smallMap, i + 10);         System.out.println("...");     } }
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