Kubernetes学习之路（五）之Flannel网络二进制部署和测试

时间  2019-11-07
标签 kubernetes 学习 之路 flannel 网络 二进制 部署 测试 栏目 系统网络 繁體版
原文   原文链接

1、K8S的ip地址

Node IP：节点设备的IP，如物理机，虚拟机等容器宿主的实际IP。

Pod IP：Pod的IP地址，是根据docker0网络IP段进行分配的。node

Cluster IP：Service的IP，是一个虚拟IP，仅做用于service对象，由K8S管理和分配，须要结合service port才能使用，单独的IP没有通讯功能，集群外访问须要一些修改。linux

在K8S集群内部，node ip、pod ip、clustere ip的通讯机制是由k8s指定的路由规则，不是IP路由。git

[root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl get service
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.1.0.1     <none>        443/TCP   3h

 2、Flannel网络部署

（1）为Flannel生成证书

[root@linux-node1 ssl]# vim flanneld-csr.json
{
  "CN": "flanneld",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

（2）生成证书

[root@linux-node1 ssl]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
>    -ca-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
>    -config=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
>    -profile=kubernetes flanneld-csr.json | cfssljson -bare flanneld
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# ll flannel*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  997 May 31 11:13 flanneld.csr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  221 May 31 11:13 flanneld-csr.json
-rw------- 1 root root 1675 May 31 11:13 flanneld-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1391 May 31 11:13 flanneld.pem

（3）分发证书

[root@linux-node1 ssl]# cp flanneld*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# scp flanneld*.pem 192.168.56.120:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
flanneld-key.pem                                           100% 1675   127.2KB/s   00:00    
flanneld.pem                                               100% 1391   308.3KB/s   00:00    
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# scp flanneld*.pem 192.168.56.130:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
flanneld-key.pem                                           100% 1675   291.1KB/s   00:00    
flanneld.pem                                               100% 1391    90.4KB/s   00:00

（4）下载Flannel软件包

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src
# wget
 https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.10.0/flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@linux-node1 src]# tar zxf flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@linux-node1 src]# cp flanneld mk-docker-opts.sh /opt/kubernetes/bin/
复制到linux-node2和linux-node3节点
[root@linux-node1 src]# scp flanneld mk-docker-opts.sh 192.168.56.120:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@linux-node1 src]# scp flanneld mk-docker-opts.sh 192.168.56.130:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

复制对应脚本到/opt/kubernetes/bin目录下。
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/kubernetes/cluster/centos/node/bin/
[root@linux-node1 bin]# cp remove-docker0.sh /opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@linux-node1 bin]# scp remove-docker0.sh 192.168.56.120:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@linux-node1 bin]# scp remove-docker0.sh 192.168.56.130:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

（5）配置Flannel

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/flannel
FLANNEL_ETCD="-etcd-endpoints=https://192.168.56.110:2379,https://192.168.56.120:2379,https://192.168.56.130:2379"
FLANNEL_ETCD_KEY="-etcd-prefix=/kubernetes/network"
FLANNEL_ETCD_CAFILE="--etcd-cafile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
FLANNEL_ETCD_CERTFILE="--etcd-certfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/flanneld.pem"
FLANNEL_ETCD_KEYFILE="--etcd-keyfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/flanneld-key.pem"
复制配置到其它节点上
[root@linux-node1 ~]# scp /opt/kubernetes/cfg/flannel 192.168.56.120:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
[root@linux-node1 ~]# scp /opt/kubernetes/cfg/flannel 192.168.56.130:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/

（6）设置Flannel系统服务

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/flannel.service
[Unit]
Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent
After=network.target
Before=docker.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/flannel
ExecStartPre=/opt/kubernetes/bin/remove-docker0.sh
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/flanneld ${FLANNEL_ETCD} ${FLANNEL_ETCD_KEY} ${FLANNEL_ETCD_CAFILE} ${FLANNEL_ETCD_CERTFILE} ${FLANNEL_ETCD_KEYFILE}
ExecStartPost=/opt/kubernetes/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -d /run/flannel/docker

Type=notify

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
RequiredBy=docker.service
复制系统服务脚本到其它节点上
# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/flannel.service 192.168.56.120:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/flannel.service 192.168.56.130:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

3、Flannel CNI集成

（1）下载CNI插件

https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases
wget https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.7.1/cni-plugins-amd64-v0.7.1.tgz
[root@linux-node1 ~]# mkdir /opt/kubernetes/bin/cni
[root@linux-node2 ~]# mkdir /opt/kubernetes/bin/cni
[root@linux-node3 ~]# mkdir /opt/kubernetes/bin/cni
[root@linux-node1 src]# tar zxf cni-plugins-amd64-v0.7.1.tgz -C /opt/kubernetes/bin/cni
[root@linux-node1 src]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes/bin/cni/* 192.168.56.120:/opt/kubernetes/bin/cni/
[root@linux-node1 src]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes/bin/cni/* 192.168.56.130:/opt/kubernetes/bin/cni/

（2）建立Etcd的key

此步的操做是为了建立POD的网段，并在ETCD中存储，然后FLANNEL从ETCD中取出并进行分配github

[root@linux-node1 src]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/etcdctl --ca-file /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --cert-file /opt/kubernetes/ssl/flanneld.pem --key-file /opt/kubernetes/ssl/flanneld-key.pem \
      --no-sync -C https://192.168.56.110:2379,https://192.168.56.120:2379,https://192.168.56.130:2379 \
mk /kubernetes/network/config '{ "Network": "10.2.0.0/16", "Backend": { "Type": "vxlan", "VNI": 1 }}' >/dev/null 2>&1

（3）启动flannel

[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl enable flannel
[root@linux-node1 ~]# chmod +x /opt/kubernetes/bin/*
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl start flannel

[root@linux-node2 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@linux-node2 ~]# systemctl enable flannel
[root@linux-node2 ~]# chmod +x /opt/kubernetes/bin/*
[root@linux-node2 ~]# systemctl start flannel

[root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl enable flannel
[root@linux-node3 ~]# chmod +x /opt/kubernetes/bin/*
[root@linux-node3 ~]# systemctl start flannel

能够看到每一个节点上会多出一个flannel.1的网卡，不一样的节点都在不一样网段。docker

[root@linux-node1 ~]# ifconfig flannel.1
flannel.1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1450
        inet 10.2.46.0  netmask 255.255.255.255  broadcast 0.0.0.0
        inet6 fe80::f4e6:1aff:fe7e:575b  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether f6:e6:1a:7e:57:5b  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 8 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@linux-node2 ~]# ifconfig flannel.1
flannel.1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1450
        inet 10.2.87.0  netmask 255.255.255.255  broadcast 0.0.0.0
        inet6 fe80::d4e5:72ff:fe3e:7309  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether d6:e5:72:3e:73:09  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 8 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@linux-node3 ~]# ifconfig flannel.1
flannel.1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1450
        inet 10.2.33.0  netmask 255.255.255.255  broadcast 0.0.0.0
        ether be:cd:5a:4f:6b:d1  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 1 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

（4）遇到的问题：Flannel没法启动

检查/opt/kubernetes/cfg/etcd.conf配置文件中的ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS是否配置监听127.0.0.1:2379。依旧没法启动flannel，从新输入了一遍，正常了，暂时没发现其余缘由，至于etcdctl没法获取key值，有待研究!!!json

4、配置Docker使用Flannel

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
[Unit] #在Unit下面修改After和增长Requires
After=network-online.target firewalld.service flannel.service  #让docker在flannel网络后面启动
Wants=network-online.target
Requires=flannel.service 

[Service] #增长EnvironmentFile=-/run/flannel/docker
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=-/run/flannel/docker #加载环境文件，设置docker0的ip地址为flannel分配的ip地址
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd $DOCKER_OPTS
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@linux-node1 ~]# ifconfig docker0
docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 10.2.46.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 0.0.0.0
        ether 02:42:1f:ef:9f:b5  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@linux-node2 ~]# ifconfig docker0
docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 10.2.87.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 0.0.0.0
        ether 02:42:8a:a5:42:d7  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@linux-node3 ~]# ifconfig docker0
docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 10.2.33.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 0.0.0.0
        ether 02:42:57:90:05:47  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

总结

在kubectl get node时，会看到节点的状态READY，若是状态为NotReady，能够查看节点上的kubelet是否已经启动，若是未启动，进行启动。kubelet没法启动，要进行查看systemctl status kubelet或journalctl -xe看看是什么缘由致使没法启动。遇到的一种状况是依赖docker，查看docker没法启动。再进一步排查docker没法启动的缘由。vim

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