好久前咱们已经学习了ArrayList和HashMap的源码,有兴趣的同窗请移步:深刻剖析ArrayList源码
深刻剖析HashMap源码
今天咱们来谈谈LinkedList源码。java
LinkedList是用链表实现的List,是一个双向链表。node
public class LinkedList<E> extends AbstractSequentialList<E> implements List<E>, Deque<E>, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable{//底层是双向链表 //元素数量 transient int size = 0; //第一个结点 transient Node<E> first; //最后一个结点 transient Node<E> last; }
咱们还看到了LinkedList实现了Deque接口,所以,咱们能够操做LinkedList像操做队列和栈同样。segmentfault
LinkedList底层维护着一个Node组成的链表,在源码中,是以下图的一个静态内部类:数组
//内部类Node private static class Node<E> { E item; Node<E> next; Node<E> prev; Node(Node<E> prev, E element, Node<E> next) { this.item = element; this.next = next; this.prev = prev; }
在看添加删除等方法前咱们先去了解LinkedList实现的一些操做链表的辅助函数,看了这几个函数后再去看别的方法会容易不少。函数
插入元素到头部
void linkFirst(E e) { final Node<E> f = first; final Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(null, e, f);//设置newNode的前结点为null,后结点为f first = newNode; if (f == null)//首先连接元素,同时把newNode设为最后一个结点 last = newNode; else f.prev = newNode; size++; modCount++; }
插入元素到尾部
void linkLast(E e) { final Node<E> l = last; final Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(l, e, null);//设置newNode的前结点为l,后结点为null last = newNode;//新结点变成最后一个结点 //若l == null说明是首次连接元素,将first也指向新结点 if (l == null) first = newNode; else l.next = newNode; size++; modCount++;//修改次数+1 }
在给定结点前插入元素e
void linkBefore(E e, Node<E> succ) { final Node<E> pred = succ.prev; final Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(pred, e, succ);//设置newNode的前结点为pred,后结点为succ succ.prev = newNode; if (pred == null)//若是succ是头结点,将newNode设置为头结点 first = newNode; else pred.next = newNode; size++; modCount++; }
删除链表结点
E unlink(Node<E> x) { final E element = x.item; final Node<E> next = x.next; final Node<E> prev = x.prev; //判断是不是头结点 if (prev == null) { first = next; } else { prev.next = next; x.prev = null;//GC回收 } //判断是不是尾结点 if (next == null) { last = prev; } else { next.prev = prev; x.next = null;//GC回收 } x.item = null;//GC回收 size--; modCount++; return element; }
返回指定位置的结点
Node<E> node(int index) { //根据index位置考虑是从前面遍历仍是从后面遍历(加快查询速度) if (index < (size >> 1)) { Node<E> x = first; for (int i = 0; i < index; i++) x = x.next; return x; } else { Node<E> x = last; for (int i = size - 1; i > index; i--) x = x.prev; return x; } }
public LinkedList() {} //构造一个包含指定集合元素的LinkenList public LinkedList(Collection<? extends E> c) { this(); addAll(c); }
很简单,这里跳过。学习
add方法
/* * 添加元素到末尾 */ public boolean add(E e) { linkLast(e);//插入到链表尾部 return true; } /* * 添加元素到指定位置 */ public void add(int index, E element) { checkPositionIndex(index); //参数校验 ——> index >= 0 && index <= size if (index == size) linkLast(element);//插入到链表尾部 else linkBefore(element, node(index));//插入到指定结点前面 } /** * 将指定集合中的元素插入到链表中 * addAll(Collection<? extends E> c)——>addAll(size, c) */ public boolean addAll(int index, Collection<? extends E> c) { checkPositionIndex(index);//参数校验 Object[] a = c.toArray(); int numNew = a.length; if (numNew == 0) return false; Node<E> pred, succ; if (index == size) {//插入元素到尾部 succ = null; pred = last; } else {//在index位置插入 succ = node(index); pred = succ.prev; } //依次从集合中取出元素插入到链表 for (Object o : a) { E e = (E) o; Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(pred, e, null);//设置newNode的前结点为pred,后结点为null if (pred == null) first = newNode; else pred.next = newNode; pred = newNode; } if (succ == null) { last = pred; } else { pred.next = succ; succ.prev = pred; } size += numNew; modCount++; return true; } //addFirst、addLast省略.....
get/set方法
/* * 返回指定位置元素 */ public E get(int index) { checkElementIndex(index); return node(index).item; } /* * 设置元素 */ public E set(int index, E element) { checkElementIndex(index); Node<E> x = node(index); E oldVal = x.item; x.item = element; return oldVal; }
peek/poll方法
/* * 返回头结点值,若是链表为空则返回null */ public E peek() { final Node<E> f = first; return (f == null) ? null : f.item; } /* * 删除头结点并返回头结点值,若是链表为空则返回null */ public E poll() { final Node<E> f = first; return (f == null) ? null : unlinkFirst(f); }
remove方法
/* * 默认删除头结点 */ public E remove() { return removeFirst(); } /* * 删除指定位置结点 */ public E remove(int index) { checkElementIndex(index); return unlink(node(index)); } /* * 删除指定结点 */ public boolean remove(Object o) { if (o == null) { for (Node<E> x = first; x != null; x = x.next) { if (x.item == null) { unlink(x); return true; } } } else { for (Node<E> x = first; x != null; x = x.next) { if (o.equals(x.item)) { unlink(x); return true; } } } return false; }
indexOf/lastIndexOf方法
/* * 返回指定对象在链表中的索引(若是没有则返回-1) * lastIndexOf同理(其实就是从后向前遍历) */ public int indexOf(Object o) { int index = 0; if (o == null) { for (Node<E> x = first; x != null; x = x.next) { if (x.item == null) return index; index++; } } else { for (Node<E> x = first; x != null; x = x.next) { if (o.equals(x.item)) return index; index++; } } return -1; }
toArray方法
/* * 将链表包装成数组返回 */ public Object[] toArray() { Object[] result = new Object[size]; int i = 0; //依次取出结点值放入数组 for (Node<E> x = first; x != null; x = x.next) result[i++] = x.item; return result; } /* * 将链表包装成指定类型数组返回 */ public <T> T[] toArray(T[] a) { if (a.length < size)//给点的数组长度小于链表长度 //建立一个类型与a同样,长度为size的数组 a = (T[])java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(a.getClass().getComponentType(), size); int i = 0; Object[] result = a;//定义result指向给定数组,修改result == 修改a //依次把结点值放入result数组 for (Node<E> x = first; x != null; x = x.next) result[i++] = x.item; if (a.length > size) a[size] = null; return a; }
listIterator方法
ListIterator是一个功能更增强大的接口, ListIterator在Iterator基础上提供了add、set、previous等对列表的操做。ui
public ListIterator<E> listIterator(int index) { checkPositionIndex(index);//参数校验 return new ListItr(index); } ListItr是一个内部类 private class ListItr implements ListIterator<E> { private Node<E> lastReturned;//上次越过的结点 private Node<E> next;//下次越过的结点 private int nextIndex;//下次越过结点的索引 private int expectedModCount = modCount;//预期修改次数 ListItr(int index) { next = (index == size) ? null : node(index);//index默认为0 nextIndex = index; } /*判断是否有下一个元素*/ public boolean hasNext() { return nextIndex < size; } /*向后遍历,返回越过的元素*/ public E next() { checkForComodification();//fail-fast if (!hasNext()) throw new NoSuchElementException(); lastReturned = next; next = next.next; nextIndex++; return lastReturned.item; } /*判断是否有上一个元素*/ public boolean hasPrevious() { return nextIndex > 0; } /*向前遍历,返回越过的元素*/ public E previous() { checkForComodification();//fail-fast if (!hasPrevious()) throw new NoSuchElementException(); lastReturned = next = (next == null) ? last : next.prev;//调用previous后lastReturned = next nextIndex--; return lastReturned.item; } /*返回下一个越过的元素索引*/ public int nextIndex() { return nextIndex; } /*返回上一个越过的元素索引*/ public int previousIndex() { return nextIndex - 1; } /*删除元素*/ public void remove() { checkForComodification();//fail-fast if (lastReturned == null) throw new IllegalStateException(); Node<E> lastNext = lastReturned.next; unlink(lastReturned);//从链表中删除lastReturned,modCount++(该方法会帮你处理结点指针指向) if (next == lastReturned)//调用previous后next == lastReturned next = lastNext; else nextIndex--; lastReturned = null;//GC expectedModCount++; } /*设置元素*/ public void set(E e) { if (lastReturned == null) throw new IllegalStateException(); checkForComodification();//fail-fast lastReturned.item = e; } /*插入元素*/ public void add(E e) { checkForComodification();//fail-fast lastReturned = null; if (next == null) linkLast(e); else linkBefore(e, next); nextIndex++; expectedModCount++; } /*操做未遍历的元素*/ public void forEachRemaining(Consumer<? super E> action) { Objects.requireNonNull(action);//判空 while (modCount == expectedModCount && nextIndex < size) { action.accept(next.item); lastReturned = next; next = next.next; nextIndex++; } checkForComodification(); } /*fail-fast*/ final void checkForComodification() { if (modCount != expectedModCount) throw new ConcurrentModificationException(); } }
还有不少关于LinkedList的方法这里就不一一列举了,总的来讲若是链表学得好的话看懂源码仍是没问题的,今天就学到这里,若是错误请多指教。this