虽然索引并不总会快于全表扫描,可是不少时候咱们但愿Oracle使用索引来执行某些SQL,这时候咱们能够经过index hints来强制SQL使用index.数据库
Index Hints的格式以下:ide
/*+ INDEX ( table [index [index]...] ) */
咱们简单看一下这个提示的用法(范例为Oracle10g数据库):this
SQL> create table t as select username,password from dba_users;
Table created.
SQL> create index i_t on t(username);
Index created.
SQL> set autotrace trace explain
SQL> select /*+ index(t i_t) */ * from t where username='EYGLE';
Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- Plan hash value: 2928007915
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 34 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| T | 1 | 34 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | |* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | I_T | 1 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id): ---------------------------------------------------
2 - access("USERNAME"='EYGLE')
Note ----- - dynamic sampling used for this statement
这里的查询使用了索引.spa
须要注意的是使用CTAS方式建立数据表,新建表会继承原表的约束属性:code
SQL> desc t Name Null? Type ----------------------------------------- -------- ---------------------------- USERNAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30) PASSWORD VARCHAR2(30)
若是不使用Hints,此处Oracle不会使用索引:orm
SQL> select * from t where username='EYGLE';
Execution Plan ---------------------------------------------------------- Plan hash value: 1601196873
-------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 34 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | |* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T | 1 | 34 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id): ---------------------------------------------------
1 - filter("USERNAME"='EYGLE')
Note ----- - dynamic sampling used for this statement
索引和全表扫描的选择和取舍并不是简单,本文不做进一步探讨.继承