postfix邮箱服务器安装和配置

时间 2019-11-25

标签 postfix 邮箱服务器安装配置繁體版

原文原文链接

建立用户
[root@ebs-51660 ~]# useradd admin 你的邮箱用户名
[root@ebs-51660 ~]# echo "123456" | passwd admin --stdin
确认MX记录的添加是否生效
[root@ebs-51660 ~]# host fshongling.com
fshongling.com mail is handled by 10 mail.fshongling.com.
安装postfix
[root@ebs-51660 ~]# yum install postfix
删除sendmail
[root@ebs-51660 ~]# rpm -e sendmail
更改默认邮件传输代理
[root@ebs-51660 sasl2]# alternatives --config mta
选择命令
-----------------------------------------------
*+ 1 /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix
按 Enter 来保存当前选择[+]，或键入选择号码：1
查看postfix
[root@ebs-51660 ~]# alternatives --display mta
postfix主配置文件main.cf
[root@ebs-51660 postfix]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf
a、myhostname = mail.fshongling.com //76行，将等号后面的部分改写为本机主机名
b、mydomain = fshongling.com   //82行，设置域名
c、myorigin = $mydomain   //97行，把$myhostname改成$mydomain
d、inet_interfaces = all  //112行，把后面的localhost改为all
e、mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost,$mydomain // 163行，把前面的注释拿掉，并加一下$mydomain
f、mynetworks = 192.168.0.0/24, 127.0.0.0/8  //263行，设置内网和本地IP
g、local_recipient_maps =  //209行，把前面的注释拿掉。h、smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP unknow //568行，把前面的注释拿掉，而后把$mail_name ($mail_version)改为unknow
h、//在main.cf文件的底部加上如下内容
l、smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes     //使用SMTP认证
m、broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes   //让不支持RFC2554的smtpclient也能够跟postfix作交互。
n、smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname  // 指定SMTP认证的本地域名
o、smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous //取消匿名登录方式p、smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination //设定邮件中有关收件人部分的限制
q、 smtpd_sasl_security_restrictions = permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination //设置容许范围
r、message_size_limit = 15728640     //邮件大小
s、mailbox_transport=lmtp:unix:/var/lib/imap/socket/lmtp   //设置链接cyrus-imapd的路径
完成后，使用/usr/sbin/postconf -n来检查配置是否正确
配置SELinux
查看是否安装SELinux
[root@ebs-51660 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/selinux
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#      enforcing -SELinux security policy is enforced.
#      permissive -SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#      disabled -No SELinux policy is loaded.SELINUX=enforcing
# SELINUXTYPE= type of policy in use. Possible valuesare:
#      targeted- Only targeted network daemons are protected.
#      strict -Full SELinux protection.SELINUXTYPE=targeted

安装SELinux
[root@ebs-51660 ~]# yum install selinux-policy-targeted

wget linuxmail.info/files/rhel6/postfixdovecotsasl.te html

checkmodule -M -m -o postfixdovecotsasl.mod postfixdovecotsasl.te linux

semodule_package -o postfixdovecotsasl.pp -m postfixdovecotsasl.mod vim

semodule -i postfixdovecotsasl.ppcentos
安装 cyrus-sasl 软件包
[root@ebs-51660 ~]# yum install cyrus-sasl*服务器

（A）使用/etc/shadow文件验证dom

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/saslauthdsocket

MECH=shadowtcp

FLAGS=post

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# vi /etc/sasl2/smtpd.conf 测试

pwcheck_method: saslauthd

mech_list: plain login

（B）使用/etc/sasldb文件验证

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/saslauthd

#MECH=pam #注释掉原文此行

FLAGS=sasldb

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# vi /etc/sasl2/smtpd.conf

pwcheck_method: auxprop

auxprop_plugin: sasldb

mech_list: plain login

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# saslpasswd2 -c admin -u kingmed.com

按提示输入两次密码(不要与系统密码相同)，首次操做会生成/etc/sasldb2文件。

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# chgrp postfix /etc/sasldb2

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# chmod 640 /etc/sasldb2

启动saslauthd

[root@ebs-51660 ~]#chkconfig saslauthd on

[root@ebs-51660 ~]#service saslauthd start

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# /usr/sbin/testsaslauthd -u admin -p '123456' #用系统密码测试

0: NO "authentication failed"

解决办法：

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# setsebool -P allow_saslauthd_read_shadow 1

若是仍是不能成功，则看的main.cf文件配置是否有错
开放相关端口

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

-A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 25,80,110,143 -j ACCEPT

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# service iptables restart
重启postfix
[root@ebs-51660 ~]# chkconfig postfix on

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# service postfix restart
检验配置是否正确
postfix 提供了check命令，能够检查当前postfix 的配置是否有问题、文件和目录权限是否正确
[root@ebs-51660 ~]# postfix check
没有错误就说明没有问题
发送邮件测试
echo 'test' | mail -s 'test' test@test.com
Telnet登陆验证
新安装的centos系统是没有安装telnet的，须要本身安装

检查是否安装[root@ebs-51660 ~]# rpm -qa telnet
安装[root@ebs-51660 ~]# yum install -y telnet

检查是否安装telent-server[root@ebs-51660 ~]# rpm -qa telnet-server
安装[root@ebs-51660 ~]# yum install telnet-server

这里是用虚拟用户即/etc/sasldb账号，先取得用户名和密码的BASE64编码：
[root@ebs-51660 sasl2]# printf "admin@fshongling.com" | openssl base64
bGl1eXVodWlAa2luZ21lZC5jb20=

[root@ebs-51660 sasl2]# printf "123456" | openssl base64
bGl1eXVodWk=

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# telnet localhost 25
Trying 127.0.0.1...

Connected to localhost.

Escape character is '^]'.

220 mail.kingmed.com ESMTP Postfix

ehlo localhost

250-mail.kingmed.com

250-PIPELINING

250-SIZE 10240000

250-VRFY

250-ETRN

250-AUTH DIGEST-MD5 GSSAPI PLAIN CRAM-MD5 LOGIN

250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES

250-8BITMIME

250 DSN

auth login

334 VXNlcm5hbWU6

bGl1eXVodWlAa2luZ21lZC5jb20= #liuyuhui@kingmed.com的BASE64编码

334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6

bGl1eXVodWk= #密码liuyuhui的BASE64编码

235 2.7.0 Authentication successful

mail from:liuyuhui@kingmed.com

250 2.1.0 Ok

rcpt to:jiangtao@kingmed.com

250 2.1.5 Ok

data

354 End data with . #回车后以点号（.）结束

hello,how are you?

250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 934C83622

quit

221 2.0.0 Bye

Connection closed by foreign host.

来看下jiangtao用户家目录下是否有此邮件（注意queued as 934C83622）：

[root@mail ~]# cat /home/jiangtao/Maildir/new/1375283408.Vfd00I3696M538506.mail.kingmed.com

Return-Path:

X-Original-To: jiangtao@kingmed.com

Delivered-To: jiangtao@kingmed.com

Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1])

        (Authenticated sender: liuyuhui@kingmed.com)

        by mail.kingmed.com (Postfix) with ESMTPA id 934C83622

        for ; Wed, 31 Jul 2013 23:09:20 +0800 (CST)

Message-Id: <20130731150940.934C83622@mail.kingmed.com>

Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2013 23:09:20 +0800 (CST)

From: liuyuhui@kingmed.com

To: undisclosed-recipients:;

hello,how are you?

POP/ IMAP设置

为了让用户能在本地机器下载邮件，必须在服务器安装设置POP或IMAP。Dovecot是适用CentOS Linux邮件系统有名的imap/pop服务器之一，它支持maildir和mbox格式。
安装dovecot
[root@ebs-51660 ~]# yum -y install dovecot
[root@ebs-51660 ~]# vim /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf
protocols = imap pop3 // 大概在20行的位置
     listen = * // 27行左右

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-auth.conf
     disable_plaintext_auth = no // 9行，将yes改成no并去掉#号
auth_mechanisms = plain login // 97行

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf
     mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-master.conf

service auth {

  unix_listener auth-userdb {

  }

  unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth {

    mode = 0666

    user = postfix

    group = postfix

  }
}

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-ssl.conf
     ssl = no

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/20-pop3.conf
     pop3_uidl_format = XuXv
     pop3_client_workarounds = outlook-no-nuls oe-ns-eoh

配置完后使用dovecot -n查看全部配置。

启动dovecot：

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# chkconfig dovecot on

[root@ebs-51660 ~]# service dovecot start

如今你可使用邮件客户端代理软件和系统用户及密码来链接咱们的Dovecot服务器了。
未完待续 http://www.cnblogs.com/apexchu/p/4271264.html http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-20362960-id-1699884.html http://my.oschina.net/u/2450048/blog/531171 http://www.mamicode.com/info-detail-1162987.html http://blog.jjonline.cn/linux/185.html