在openresty中,经过http跟后端整合通讯的方式又不少种,各有各的好处,能够根据状况交叉使用javascript
这种方式最简单,也是咱们最熟悉的,直接配置一个反向代理,跟nginx的用法一致css
好比咱们有一个后端服务,提供用户相关接口,是java写的,端口8080,为了简单起见,我直接在openresty里面配置一个server,模拟java端,经过一个简单的案例的来讲明状况html
nginx.conf前端
worker_processes 1; error_log logs/error.log; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { lua_package_path "/Users/john/opensource/openresty-web-dev/demo7/lua/?.lua;/usr/local/openresty/lualib/?.lua"; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; lua_code_cache off; location / { root html; index index.html; } location ~ ^/user { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; } } # 这个只是模拟后端 server { listen 8080; server_name localhost; lua_code_cache off; location ~ /user/(.+) { default_type text/html; content_by_lua_file lua/$1.lua; } } }
上面配置了两个location,将全部以/user开头的请求都转到后端的8080服务器,其余的则是静态页面,直接从html目录读取,而后返回,从这里开始就是前端开发了java
为了简单起见,假设后端提供了一个登录接口,咱们这里直接用lua来实现一下就行了,检查用户名跟密码是admin,就返回成功,不然返回失败react
lua/login.luajquery
local req = require "req" local cjson = require "cjson" local args = req.getArgs() local username = args['username'] local password = args['password'] local res = {} if username == "admin" and password == "admin" then res['ret'] = true res['token'] = ngx.md5('admin/' .. tostring(ngx.time())) else res['ret'] = false end ngx.say(cjson.encode(res))
index.htmlnginx
<html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Login Page</title> </head> <body> UserName: <input type="text" id="username" value="admin"> Password: <input type="password" id="password" value="admin"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="login()">Login</a> <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.2.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script> function login() { var username = $('#username').val(); var password = $('#password').val(); $.post('/user/login', {username: username, password: password}, function(res){ console.log(res) var msg = res.ret ? "登陆成功" : "登陆失败" alert(msg) }, 'json') } </script> </body> </html>
二、使用ngx.location.captruegit
这个方法主要用于发送内部请求,即请求当前server内的其余location,默认会将当前请求的参数带过去,也能够手动指定参数,GET参数经过args传递,post参数经过body传递github
如:
local req = require "req"
local args = req.getArgs()
GET 调用
local res = ngx.location.capture('/user/login', {
method = ngx.HTTP_GET, args = args,
});
POST 调用
local res = ngx.location.capture('/user/login', {
method = ngx.HTTP_POST, body = ngx.encode_args(args),
});
如今咱们本身写一个lua来调用后台接口实现登录,而后对请求作一点处理,实现一些额外的逻辑,好比在原来的参数上面加上一个from字段
lua/local-login.lua
local req = require "req" local cjson = require "cjson" local args = req.getArgs() -- GET local res = ngx.location.capture('/user/login', {method = ngx.HTTP_GET, args = args}) -- POST -- local res = ngx.location.capture('/user/login', {method = ngx.HTTP_POST, body = ngx.encode_args(args)}) -- print(res.status) -- 状态码 if res.status == 200 then local ret = cjson.decode(res.body) ret['from'] = 'local' ngx.say(cjson.encode(ret)) else print(res.body) ngx.say('{"ret": false, "from": "local"}') end
index.html 也须要改一下,多加一个按钮,调用本地登录接口
<html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Login Page</title> </head> <body> UserName: <input type="text" id="username" value="admin"> Password: <input type="password" id="password" value="admin"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="login()">Login</a> <a href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="local_login()">Local Login</a> <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.2.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script> function login() { var username = $('#username').val(); var password = $('#password').val(); $.post('/user/login', {username: username, password: password}, function(res){ console.log(res) var msg = res.ret ? "登陆成功" : "登陆失败" alert(msg) }, 'json') } function local_login() { var username = $('#username').val(); var password = $('#password').val(); $.post('/lua/local-login', {username: username, password: password}, function(res){ console.log(res) var msg = res.ret ? "本地登陆成功" : "本地登陆失败" alert(msg) }, 'json') } </script> </body> </html>
三、第三方模块lua-resty-http
这种方式跟上面那种不一样的地方是调用的时候,不会带上本地请求的请求头、cookie、以及请求参数,不过这也使得请求更纯粹,不会带上那些不必的东西,减小数据传输
最后local-login.lua 变成以下
local req = require "req" local cjson = require "cjson" local http = require "resty.http" local args = req.getArgs() -- GET -- local res = ngx.location.capture('/user/login', {method = ngx.HTTP_GET, args = args}) -- POST -- local res = ngx.location.capture('/user/login', {method = ngx.HTTP_POST, body = ngx.encode_args(args)}) -- http local httpc = http.new() local res = httpc:request_uri("http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/login", { method = "POST", body = ngx.encode_args(args), headers = { ["Accept"] = "application/json", ["Accept-Encoding"] = "utf-8", ["Cookie"] = ngx.req.get_headers()['Cookie'], ["Content-Type"] = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", } }) httpc:set_keepalive(60) print(res.status) -- 状态码 if res.status == 200 then local ret = cjson.decode(res.body) ret['from'] = 'local' ngx.say(cjson.encode(ret)) else print(res.body) ngx.say('{"ret": false, "from": "local"}') end
到此,基本上已经能经过openresty,作一些先后端的交互了,下次介绍怎么使用openresty模板渲染,以及搭配react开发前端。
示例代码 参见demo7部分