利用git提交代码
1、首先须要下载gitgit
查看电脑是否安装git,打开终端，输入git,回车若是输出以下,则表明已安装了gitgithub
若是未安装,则会输出:json
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按照提示输入:sudo apt-get install git便可安装!!或者到此处下载:git下载, pkg包下载完成，双击安装。vim
输入命令:git --version 可查看当前git版本xcode
二.安装后须要一些配置缓存
配置用户名和邮箱:app
$ git config --global user.name "Your Name" $ git config --global user.email "email@example.com"
使用 --global 修饰后设置的全局的用户,若是设置单个项目的用户,可cd到项目根目录下,执行以下命令:编辑器
$ git config user.name "Your Name" $ git config user.email "email@example.com"
使用命令:git config --list 可查看当前用户信息以及其余的一些信息post
$ git config --list core.excludesfile=/Users/mac/.gitignore_global difftool.sourcetree.cmd=opendiff "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" difftool.sourcetree.path= mergetool.sourcetree.cmd=/Applications/SourceTree.app/Contents/Resources/opendiff-w.sh "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -ancestor "$BASE" -merge "$MERGED" mergetool.sourcetree.trustexitcode=true http.postbuffer=524288000 https.postbuffer=524288000 user.email=你的邮箱@qq.com user.name=你的用户名 macdeMacBook-Pro:~ Artron_LQQ$
三.创建本地git仓库fetch
1. cd到你的项目目录
$ cd /Users/cjk/Desktop/myShop
2. 而后,输入git命令:
$ git init
输出以下:
$ git init Initialized empty Git repository in /Users/cjk/Desktop/GitTest/.git/
建立了一个空的本地仓库.
3.将项目的全部文件添加到缓存中:
$ git add .
git add . (注意,后面有个点)表示添加目录下全部文件到缓存库,若是只添加某个文件,只需把 . 换成你要添加的文件名便可;
4.将缓存中的文件Commit到git库
git commit -m "添加你的注释,通常是一些更改信息"
下面是第一次提交时的输出:
$ git commit -m "添加项目" [master (root-commit) 3102a38] 添加项目 18 files changed, 1085 insertions(+) create mode 100644 GitTest.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj create mode 100644 GitTest.xcodeproj/project.xcworkspace/contents.xcworkspacedata create mode 100644 GitTest.xcodeproj/project.xcworkspace/xcuserdata/Artron_LQQ.xcuserdatad/UserInterfaceState.xcuserstate create mode 100644 GitTest.xcodeproj/xcuserdata/Artron_LQQ.xcuserdatad/xcschemes/GitTest.xcscheme create mode 100644 GitTest.xcodeproj/xcuserdata/Artron_LQQ.xcuserdatad/xcschemes/xcschememanagement.plist create mode 100644 GitTest/AppDelegate.h create mode 100644 GitTest/AppDelegate.m create mode 100644 GitTest/Assets.xcassets/AppIcon.appiconset/Contents.json create mode 100644 GitTest/Base.lproj/LaunchScreen.storyboard create mode 100644 GitTest/Base.lproj/Main.storyboard create mode 100644 GitTest/Info.plist create mode 100644 GitTest/ViewController.h create mode 100644 GitTest/ViewController.m create mode 100644 GitTest/main.m create mode 100644 GitTestTests/GitTestTests.m create mode 100644 GitTestTests/Info.plist create mode 100644 GitTestUITests/GitTestUITests.m create mode 100644 GitTestUITests/Info.plist
或者不添加注释 git commit ,可是这样会进入vim(vi)编辑器
# Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting # with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit. # On branch master # Changes to be committed: # modified: LQQCircleShowImage.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj # modified: LQQCircleShowImage/TableViewCell.m # ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ "~/Desktop/LQQCircleShowImage/.git/COMMIT_EDITMSG" 8L, 292C
在这里能够输入更改信息,也能够不输入,而后 按住 shift + : ,输入wq 便可保存信息并退出vim编辑器;
四,创建远程库
在一些代码托管平台建立项目,例如github或者开源中国社区,这里已开源中国社区为例;
建立项目后,会生成一个HTTPS连接,以下:
https://git.oschina.net/liuqiqiang/gitTest.git
五,将本地的库连接到远
终端中输入: git remote add origin HTTPS连接
$ git remote add origin https://git.oschina.net/liuqiqiang/gitTest.git
六.上传代码到远程库,上传以前最好先Pull一下,再执行命令: git pull origin master
输出:
$ git pull origin master warning: no common commits remote: Counting objects: 3, done. remote: Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) Unpacking objects: 100% (3/3), done. From https://git.oschina.net/liuqiqiang/gitTest * branch master -> FETCH_HEAD * [new branch] master -> origin/master Merge made by the 'recursive' strategy. README.md | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) create mode 100644 README.md
即pull成功,
七.接着执行:git push origin master
完成后输出:
$ git push origin master Counting objects: 34, done. Delta compression using up to 4 threads. Compressing objects: 100% (29/29), done. Writing objects: 100% (34/34), 15.63 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done. Total 34 (delta 3), reused 0 (delta 0) To https://git.oschina.net/liuqiqiang/gitTest.git 5e2dda1..537ecfe master -> master
即将代码成功提交到远程库!!!
注：若是pull以后出现 “ refusing to merge unrelated histories ”这句，就证实你合并pull两个不一样的项目
出现的问题如何去解决fatal: refusing to merge unrelated histories
我在Github新建一个仓库，写了License，而后把本地一个写了好久仓库上传。
先pull，由于两个仓库不一样，发现refusing to merge unrelated histories，没法pull
由于他们是两个不一样的项目，要把两个不一样的项目合并，git须要添加一句代码，在git pull，这句代码是在git 2.9.2版本发生的，最新的版本须要添加--allow-unrelated-histories
假如咱们的源是origin，分支是master，那么咱们 须要这样写git pull origin master --allow-unrelated-histories须要知道，咱们的源能够是本地的路径
接着到你的远程库查看,提交前:
提交成功后：
注意:操做的时候,指令不要输错了!!!!
下面这个是输错了 orgin的输出:
git pull orgin master fatal: 'orgin' does not appear to be a git repository fatal: Could not read from remote repository. Please make sure you have the correct access rights and the repository exists.
正确的应该是origin!!
若是在push的时候有以下输出:
$ git push -u origin master To https://git.oschina.net/liuqiqiang/LQQCircleShowImage.git ! [rejected] master -> master (fetch first) error: failed to push some refs to 'https://git.oschina.net/liuqiqiang/LQQCircleShowImage.git' hint: Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do hint: not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing hint: to the same ref. You may want to first integrate the remote changes hint: (e.g., 'git pull ...') before pushing again. hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.
看提示可知道,须要先pull一下,即执行一次:git pull origin master
而后再执行:git push origin master
分支管理
新建分支
$ git branch newbranch
查看分支
$ git branch
输出:
* master
newbranch
*表明当前所在的分支
切换分支
$ git checkout new branch
输出
Switched to branch 'newbranch'
切换后可用git branch查看是否切换到当前分支
master
* newbranch
提交改动到当前分支
$ git add .
$ git commit -a
可以使用git status查看提交状态
接着切回主分支
$ git checkout master
输出:
Switched to branch 'master'
将新分支提交的改动合并到主分支上
$ git merge newbranch
输出:
Updating cc73a48..93a1347 Fast-forward GitTest.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj | 9 +++++++++ .../UserInterfaceState.xcuserstate | Bin 0 -> 7518 bytes GitTest/test.h | 13 +++++++++++++ GitTest/test.m | 13 +++++++++++++ 4 files changed, 35 insertions(+) create mode 100644 GitTest.xcodeproj/project.xcworkspace/xcuserdata/Artron_LQQ.xcuserdatad/UserInterfaceState.xcuserstate create mode 100644 GitTest/test.h create mode 100644 GitTest/test.m
这里我提交了两个文件,即:test.h和test.m
若是合并后产生冲突,可输入如下指令查看冲突:
$ git diff
修改以后,再次提交便可;
接下来,就能够push代码了:
$ git push -u origin master
这时可能须要你输入你的github用户名和密码,按照提示输入便可;
删除分支
$ git branch -D newbranch
输出
Deleted branch newbranch (was 93a1347).
以上就是最简单的github操做了，也是在网上看着学的，注意在实际操做中多加练习，代码这东西，刚开始桥的多了也就记下了！