Ubuntu16.04 anaconda3 opencv已经安装，可是没法import的问题

解决anaconda中已经安装了opencv3，但没法import的问题

你可能碰见的问题：

1. ImportError: No module named cv2
2. ImportError: libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

第一个问题：

你可能没有成功安装opencv环境，或者你须要从新安装opencv的环境进行尝试

你能够查看这一篇博客进行配置opencv卸载与安装

第二个问题：

你可能查看了某些博客，要求你将cv2.so移动到你的使用的python中（ sudo cp /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cv2/cv2.so /home/username/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/）,而后你再次import cv2就会发现会出现以上的报错

你能够经过which python命令查看你的python的来源。例如你经过which python获得的结果是/home/learner/anaconda3/bin/python

那么说明你须要的opencv文件应该放在anaconda3/lib/python3.6(你的对应的版本)/dist-packages/中

解决方法:

若是你确实已经按照以上的博客进行安装好opencv了，那么你能够继续进行，不然，请先按照以上博客进行opencv的安装。

根据提示，缺乏的是libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3这个文件，那么咱们进行查找经过sudo find / -name libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3

获得结果以下：

find: ‘/run/user/1000/gvfs’: Permission denied
/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f72d8ff7ad2486a45a06a7bccdebe2628377a839c7f943d7e2b06f44a825be87/diff/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/PIL/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f72d8ff7ad2486a45a06a7bccdebe2628377a839c7f943d7e2b06f44a825be87/diff/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/h5py/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f72d8ff7ad2486a45a06a7bccdebe2628377a839c7f943d7e2b06f44a825be87/diff/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/matplotlib/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PIL/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/h5py/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tensorflow/lib/python3.6/site-packages/cv2/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tf/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PIL/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tf/lib/python3.6/site-packages/h5py/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tf/lib/python3.6/site-packages/matplotlib/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/home/learner/.conda/envs/tf/lib/python3.6/site-packages/cv2/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/cv2/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/matplotlib/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/h5py/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cv2/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/.libs/libz-a147dcb0.so.1.2.3

咱们能够观察到有不少cv2的文件夹，而咱们python所使用的anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages中没有这个文件，那么将cv2.so文件复制过去

cp /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cv2.so /anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages

在此处还不够，须要加上如下声明，能够添加到.bashrc中

export PYTHONPATH=/home/learner/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/:$PYTHONPATH

验证结果

Python 3.6.3 |Anaconda, Inc.| (default, Oct 13 2017, 12:02:49) 
[GCC 7.2.0] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>>

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这个方法是我误打误撞获得的，若是有更好的方法，但愿你们能够给我留言，我会继续改进的