Apache CXF 和 Spring 开发RESTful Web Service 2

###开发环境 Maven Eclipse Tomcat

###快速构建 archetype太少?关于如何添加本地archetype catalog:

下载文件 http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/archetype-catalog.xml 设置Eclipse 首选项 Maven Archetype ,将archetype-catalog.xml 添加为Local catalog.

使用Archetype 建立Maven项目,坐标:

org.apache.cxf.archetype

cxf-jaxrs-service 3.1.4

注释掉pom.xml文件中的插件配置,执行 mvn clean install
将项目发布到Tomcat服务器
个人项目名称为 my_cxf_restful
访问URL http://localhost:8080/my_cxf_restful/hello/echo/cong 网页显示结果为:

cong

###项目构建步骤 ####导入依赖包 导入jackson 是由于须要处理json类型数据
cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs 为CXF 开发RESTful WebService 必须的包,其它依赖Maven会自动处理
项目基于Spring

<properties>
        <jackson.version>1.8.6</jackson.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
            <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxrs</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
            <artifactId>cxf-rt-rs-client</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-jaxrs</artifactId>
            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

####编写RESTful WebService类: 这里并无写成接口,而是直接写成实现类.
modifyJson方法中框架会将POST请求体的JSON 数据转换成对象JsonBean
注解说明,见下一条目

@Path("/hello")
public class HelloWorld {

    @GET
    @Path("/echo/{input}")
    @Produces("text/plain")
    public String ping(@PathParam("input") String input) {
        return input;
    }

    @POST
    @Produces("application/json")
    @Consumes("application/json")
    @Path("/jsonBean")
    public Response modifyJson(JsonBean input) {
        input.setVal2(input.getVal1());
        return Response.ok().entity(input).build();
    }
}

####注解说明: 本文段引用自http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/opensource/os-restfulwebservices/index.html

(天啊!竟然不支持表格)

• |标签|用法和解释|
• |@GET,@POST,@PUT,@DELETE| 该组标签将一个标注方法的 HTTP 请求类型|
• |@Path |该标签可用于类或者方法，表示定位此 RESTful 资源的路径|
• |@Produces |该标签标注资源类或方法返回的 MIME 类型 , 也就是资源方法产生而且返回给客户端的响应消息的类型。例如 application/xml,application/json.|
• |@Consumes |该标签标注资源类或方法能够接受的请求消息的类型，也就是客户端发送的请求中能够包含的 Http Entity 的类型。|
• |@PathParam，@QueryParam，@HeaderParam，@CookieParam |该组分别标注方法的参数来自于 HTTP 请求的不一样位置，例如，@PathParam 来自于 URL 的路径，@QueryParam 来自于 URL 的查询参数，@HeaderParam 来自于 HTTP 请求的头信息，@CookieParam 来自于 HTTP 请求的 Cookie。|
• |@Context |该标签标注资源请求或者响应的上下文实例，例如咱们能够再资源方法参数中注入 HttpServletRequest (@Context HttpServletRequest httpRequest) 来获取 Http 请求的相关信息。|

####Spring Bean 配置:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxrs="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://cxf.apache.org/jaxrs http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxrs.xsd">
    <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml"/>
    <context:property-placeholder/>
    <context:annotation-config/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.context.support.ServletContextPropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PreferencesPlaceholderConfigurer"/>
    <jaxrs:server id="services" address="/">
        <jaxrs:serviceBeans>
            <bean class="zhwc.example.my_cxf_restful.HelloWorld"/>
        </jaxrs:serviceBeans>
        <jaxrs:providers>
            <bean class="org.codehaus.jackson.jaxrs.JacksonJsonProvider"/>
        </jaxrs:providers>
    </jaxrs:server>
</beans>

####Web.xml配置: 与构建一个简单的WebService同样: 使用Spring监听器加载BEAN配置文件;
注册CXF Servlet处理请求.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" version="2.4">
    <display-name>JAX-RS Simple Service</display-name>
    <description>JAX-RS Simple Service</description>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>WEB-INF/beans.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>
                        org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
                </listener-class>
    </listener>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>
                        org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet
                </servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

####测试

使用FireFox插件Open HTTPRequester post发送json数据
使用方法:使用firefox插件httperrequest,模拟发送及接收Json请求

####更多实例 下载Apache CXF 发布包
查看${CXF_HOME}/simple
例如 ...\apache-cxf-3.1.4\samples\jax_rs\basic

###参考资料: http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/opensource/os-restfulwebservices/index.html
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-pojo-springcxf2/index.html