python+selenium+unittest 实现自动化测试

示例代码：
baidu.py

import csv #导入csv模块
from itertools import islice #从itertools导入islice，后边让其默认跳过第一行使用
from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver
from module import baidumodule
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
search = baidumodule(driver) #将driver传给aidumodule这个类
with open("file.csv","r") as name:
    lines = name.readlines()#以行读取整个文件
for i in islice(lines,1,None):  #每次从第二行读取:
    search.login(i) #调用aidumodule下的login函数
    sleep(2)

start.login_out()

module.py

class baidumodule():
    def __init__(self,driver,):
        self.dr = driver #不能在类中再次导入webdriver 两边的driver等于两个窗口，直接让调用方传入driver便可
    def login(self,values):
        login_dr = self.dr
        login_dr.get("https://www.baidu.com/")
        login_dr.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='kw']").send_keys(values)
        login_dr.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='su']").click()

    def login_out(self):
        self.dr.quit()

file.csv

selenium
selenium2
selenium3
webdriver

能够看到咱们上面写的代码，虽然是自动帮咱们搜索多个值，但并不能算测试用例，顶多算线性测试，既然是测试那咱们就须要加入用例计算及结果断言，咱们这里介绍使用unittest框架进行自动化测试组建。
unittest简单介绍：

import unittest #导入unittest
class baidu(unittest.TestCase):#TestCase测试用例集

    def setUp(self):#setUp在unittest固定写法setUp首先执行
        pass
    def tearDown(self):#tearDown在unittest固定写法setUp会最后执行
        pass
    def test_baidu(self):#测试用例1，可定义多个必须以test开头
        pass

注：用例名称不是以test开头不会被执行，多条用例名称一致只会执行一条

开始改写咱们上面的baidu.py内容:

# _*_ coding:utf-8 _*_
import csv,unittest #导入unittest 模块
from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver
from module import baidumodule
class baidu(unittest.TestCase):#建立测试用例集
    def setUp(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver.maximize_window()#最大化窗口
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(10)#隐式等待
        self.search = baidumodule(self.driver) #将driver传给aidumodule这个类
        with open("file.csv","r") as name:
            self.lines = name.readlines()#以行读取整个文件
    def tearDown(self):
        self.search.login_out()#调用登出函数

    def test_search(self):#测试用例一
        search = self.search
        lines = self.lines
        driver = self.driver
        search.login(lines[0])
        sleep(1)
        title = driver.title
        self.assertEqual(title,'selenium_百度搜索')#判断当前title是否等于selenium_百度搜索
        sleep(2)
    def test_search1(self):#测试用例二
        search = self.search
        lines = self.lines
        driver = self.driver
        search.login(lines[1])
        sleep(1)
        title = driver.title
        self.assertEqual(title,'selenium2_百度搜索')
        sleep(2)
    def test_search2(self):#测试用例三
        search = self.search
        lines = self.lines
        driver = self.driver
        search.login(lines[2])
        sleep(1)
        title = driver.title
        self.assertEqual(title,'selenium3_百度搜索')
        sleep(2)
    def test_search3(self):#测试用例四
        search = self.search
        lines = self.lines
        driver = self.driver
        search.login(lines[3])
        sleep(1)
        title = driver.title
        self.assertEqual(title,'webdriver_百度搜索')
        sleep(2)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()

执行结果：

.... ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 4 tests in 51.427s

OK

能够看到执行结果中成功返回咱们的测试用例数，并成功执行退出（项目中善用sleep，这里只是作演示，sleep太多执行时间太长）
若是执行失败

self.assertEqual(title,'selenium_百度搜索2')
AssertionError: 'selenium_百度搜索' != 'selenium_百度搜索2'
Ran 4 tests in 23.518s

FAILED (failures=1)