如何安装使用PHP MyAdmin

前言：

  由于工做的缘由，不少地方须要用到数据库查询，为了不破坏真实存在的数据库，因此，我搭建了一个虚拟机，在搭建的虚拟机上将数据库进行了导入。这里，用了一个PHP myAdmin的工具，我的以为仍是很是方便控制管理数据库的。故作了下研究，写下此文章记录下。

 

PHP myAdmin简介

phpMyAdmin 是一个以 PHP为基础，以Web-Base方式架构在网站主机上的 MySQL的数据库管理工具，让管理者可用Web接口管理MySQL数据库。借由此Web接口能够成为一个简易方式输入繁杂SQL语法的较佳途径，尤为要处理大量资料的汇入及汇出更为方便。其中一个更大的优点在于因为phpMyAdmin跟其余PHP程式同样在网页服务器上执行，可是您能够在任何地方使用这些程式产生的 HTML页面，也就是于远端管理MySQL数据库，方便的创建、修改、删除数据库及资料表。也可借由phpMyAdmin创建经常使用的php语法，方便编写网页时所须要的sql语法正确性。

 

具体安装步骤：

 

1.安装mysql

若是你的服务器上安装配置好了yum源的话，一切都变了简单了，具体操做执行命令以下：

1） 安装软件

root@cent42:/var/www/html> yum install mysql-server

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

Setting up Install Process

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql-server.i686 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: mysql = 5.1.73-5.el6_6 for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBI for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBD-MySQL for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(vars) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(strict) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(Sys::Hostname) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(POSIX) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(Getopt::Long) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Temp) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Path) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Copy) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(File::Basename) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(Data::Dumper) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: /usr/bin/perl for package: mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mysql.i686 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6 will be installed

---> Package perl.i686 4:5.10.1-141.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: perl-libs = 4:5.10.1-141.el6 for package: 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl-libs for package: 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(version) for package: 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Simple) for package: 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: perl(Module::Pluggable) for package: 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686

--> Processing Dependency: libperl.so for package: 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686

---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.i686 0:4.013-3.el6 will be installed

---> Package perl-DBI.i686 0:1.609-4.el6 will be installed

--> Running transaction check

---> Package perl-Module-Pluggable.i686 1:3.90-141.el6 will be installed

---> Package perl-Pod-Simple.i686 1:3.13-141.el6 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: perl(Pod::Escapes) >= 1.04 for package: 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.13-141.el6.i686

---> Package perl-libs.i686 4:5.10.1-141.el6 will be installed

---> Package perl-version.i686 3:0.77-141.el6 will be installed

--> Running transaction check

---> Package perl-Pod-Escapes.i686 1:1.04-141.el6 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

 

Dependencies Resolved

 

=================================================================================================================

 Package                            Arch              Version                       Repository              Size

=================================================================================================================

Installing:

 mysql-server                       i686              5.1.73-5.el6_6                c6-xiawei              8.8 M

Installing for dependencies:

 mysql                              i686              5.1.73-5.el6_6                c6-xiawei              904 k

 perl                               i686              4:5.10.1-141.el6              c6-xiawei              9.7 M

 perl-DBD-MySQL                     i686              4.013-3.el6                   c6-xiawei              134 k

 perl-DBI                           i686              1.609-4.el6                   c6-xiawei              705 k

 perl-Module-Pluggable              i686              1:3.90-141.el6                c6-xiawei               40 k

 perl-Pod-Escapes                   i686              1:1.04-141.el6                c6-xiawei               33 k

 perl-Pod-Simple                    i686              1:3.13-141.el6                c6-xiawei              213 k

 perl-libs                          i686              4:5.10.1-141.el6              c6-xiawei              594 k

 perl-version                       i686              3:0.77-141.el6                c6-xiawei               52 k

 

Transaction Summary

=================================================================================================================

Install      10 Package(s)

 

Total download size: 21 M

Installed size: 59 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

(1/10): mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686.rpm                                                     | 904 kB     00:00    

(2/10): mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686.rpm                                              | 8.8 MB     00:00    

(3/10): perl-libs-5.10.1-141.el6.i686.rpm                                                 | 594 kB     00:00    

(4/10): perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.i686.rpm                                               | 134 kB     00:00    

(5/10): perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-141.el6.i686.rpm                                            |  33 kB     00:00    

(6/10): perl-Pod-Simple-3.13-141.el6.i686.rpm                                             | 213 kB     00:00    

(7/10): perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.i686.rpm                                                     | 705 kB     00:00    

(8/10): perl-Module-Pluggable-3.90-141.el6.i686.rpm                                       |  40 kB     00:00    

(9/10): perl-version-0.77-141.el6.i686.rpm                                                |  52 kB     00:00    

(10/10): perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686.rpm                                                     | 9.7 MB     00:00    

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total                                                                             24 MB/s |  21 MB     00:00    

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

  Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-141.el6.i686                                                         1/10

  Installing : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.13-141.el6.i686                                                          2/10

  Installing : 1:perl-Module-Pluggable-3.90-141.el6.i686                                                    3/10

  Installing : 3:perl-version-0.77-141.el6.i686                                                             4/10

  Installing : 4:perl-libs-5.10.1-141.el6.i686                                                              5/10

  Installing : 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686                                                                   6/10

  Installing : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.i686                                                                    7/10

  Installing : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.i686                                                              8/10

  Installing : mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686                                                                    9/10

  Installing : mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686                                                            10/10

  Verifying  : mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686                                                                    1/10

  Verifying  : mysql-server-5.1.73-5.el6_6.i686                                                             2/10

  Verifying  : 4:perl-libs-5.10.1-141.el6.i686                                                              3/10

  Verifying  : perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.i686                                                              4/10

  Verifying  : 1:perl-Pod-Escapes-1.04-141.el6.i686                                                         5/10

  Verifying  : 1:perl-Pod-Simple-3.13-141.el6.i686                                                          6/10

  Verifying  : perl-DBI-1.609-4.el6.i686                                                                    7/10

  Verifying  : 1:perl-Module-Pluggable-3.90-141.el6.i686                                                    8/10

  Verifying  : 3:perl-version-0.77-141.el6.i686                                                             9/10

  Verifying  : 4:perl-5.10.1-141.el6.i686                                                                  10/10

 

Installed:

  mysql-server.i686 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6                                                                            

 

Dependency Installed:

  mysql.i686 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6                               perl.i686 4:5.10.1-141.el6                         

  perl-DBD-MySQL.i686 0:4.013-3.el6                         perl-DBI.i686 0:1.609-4.el6                        

  perl-Module-Pluggable.i686 1:3.90-141.el6                 perl-Pod-Escapes.i686 1:1.04-141.el6               

  perl-Pod-Simple.i686 1:3.13-141.el6                       perl-libs.i686 4:5.10.1-141.el6                    

  perl-version.i686 3:0.77-141.el6                        

 

Complete!

root@cent42:/var/www/html>

 

 2）启动服务器

root@cent42:/root> service mysqld start

Initializing MySQL database:  WARNING: The host 'cent42' could not be looked up with resolveip.

This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible

with this binary MySQL version. The MySQL daemon, mysqld, should work

normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work.

This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnames

when specifying MySQL privileges !

Installing MySQL system tables...

OK

Filling help tables...

OK

 

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy

support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

 

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !

To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

 

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h cent42 password 'new-password'

 

Alternatively you can run:

/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

 

which will also give you the option of removing the test

databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is

strongly recommended for production servers.

 

See the manual for more instructions.

 

You can start the MySQL daemon with:

cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &

 

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl

cd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

 

Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!

 

[  OK  ]

Starting mysqld:  [  OK  ]

3）放通防火墙

使用命令以下：

iptables -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT (关于iptabls的详细解释请见iptables章节）

4) 执行安全性设置

包括设置root密码、删除测试数据库等：这里设置root密码将是你登录数据库使用的密码）

root@cent42:/root> /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

 

 

 

 

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL

      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

 

 

In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current

password for the root user.  If you've just installed MySQL, and

you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,

so you should just press enter here.

 

Enter current password for root (enter for none):

OK, successfully used password, moving on...

 

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL

root user without the proper authorisation.

 

Set root password? [Y/n] Y

New password:

Re-enter new password:

Password updated successfully!

Reloading privilege tables..

 ... Success!

 

 

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone

to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for

them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation

go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a

production environment.

 

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y

 ... Success!

 

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This

ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

 

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y

 ... Success!

 

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can

access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed

before moving into a production environment.

 

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y

 - Dropping test database...

 ... Success!

 - Removing privileges on test database...

 ... Success!

 

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far

will take effect immediately.

 

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y

 ... Success!

 

Cleaning up...

 

 

 

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL

installation should now be secure.

 

Thanks for using MySQL!

 

 

root@cent42:/root>

 

 上述内容执行完成后，你的mysql就应该安装好了，若是你想使用PHP MyAdmin的话，还须要安装Apache以及PHP,因此，接下来，咱们继续安装着2部分的内容

 

2.安装Apache(httpd)

2.1 经过yum进行安装

Command :yum install httpd

2.2 启动httpd 服务

chkconfig httpd on

这里须要注意，须要确认httpd的3个5处于on的状态，输入chkconfig以后，找到httpd,进行check便可。

2.3 启动http

service httpd start

2.4 配置防火墙

在“/etc/sysconfig/iptables”文件中“-A INPUT ... --dport 22 -j ACCEPT”一行后面添加放通80端口的规则。具体命令以下：

"-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT"

重启防火墙（service iptables restart)

上述操做完成后，你能够经过浏览器去访问以下的地址（地址就是你搭建虚拟机的地址）

http://135.251.124.24/

会出现一个Apache的界面

如今，你只要在服务器的“/var/www/html/”这个目录中添加相关的html文件，就能够访问了。

 

3.安装PHP

yum install php php-mysql

这里仅仅安装了PHP软件自己，和用于php-mysql链接的库,实际在访问PHP的时候，还须要装其余的插件，因此，如何找打和PHP相关的插件呢？可使用以下命令：

yum search php-,这里命令能够列出全部的PHP的安装包，若是你想知道每一个模块是干什么的，可使用“yum info php-common”这样的命令去查看

安装完成后，须要重启Apache HTTP Server :

service httpd restart

测试下PHP是否安装成功，可否解析PHP代码。进入以下目录：

cd /var/www/html/

编辑以下文件：

root@cent42:/var/www/html> vi info.php

添加以下信息：

<?php

phpinfo();

?>

保存退出后，浏览器中输入：

 

http://135.251.124.24//info.php，应该就能够看到PHP的网页了。

 

安装phpMyAdmin

找到一个phpMyAdmin的包，将其放在你的服务器上，我是直接放在了/var/www/html下，而后解压，将名称更改成phpMyAdmin便可。这样，你就能够经过访问http://135.252.4.25/phpMyAdmin/来访问phpMyAdmin,从而来访问管理你的数据库了。

用户名就是root,密码就是你在上面设置的密码。

 

4.如何导入导出数据库

若是你有一个源数据库，你想将它导入到你搭建的服务器上，那么应该如何实现呢，能够用以下的命令：

先经过以下命令到源数据库中将数据导出：

mysqldump --password=xxx(密码） --user=root（用户） --add-drop-table --databases xxx(源DB的名字） --result-file=/home/xxx.sql(目标）

 

 

而后登录到目标数据库(我这里就是登录到24上），建立一个新的database：

mysqladmin --user=root --password=xxx create mh_db_bak_20160811

 

而后将刚才导出的文件上传到目标数据库的同一个服务器上(经过FTP等先将导出的数据库传入到你的目标服务器上），执行下面的命令导入文件：

mysql --user=root --password=xxx mh_db_bak_20160811 < cif4db.sql

 

这样，你打开你的PHPMyAdmin的时候，就能够看到导入的数据库了，能够执行你的查询等操做啦。