maven-dependency-plugin插件的使用

时间 2019-11-09

标签 maven dependency plugin 插件使用栏目 Maven 繁體版

原文原文链接

maven-dependency-plugin插件的使用

　　maven-dependency-plugin是处理与依赖相关的插件。它有不少可用的goal，大部分是和依赖构建、分析和解决相关的goal，这部分goal能够直接用maven的命令操做，例如：mvn dependency:tree、mvn dependency:analyze；这类操做在平时的maven应用中不多会用到。这里主要介绍除此以外的、用得最多的几个操做：copy, copy-dependencies和它们对应的unpack, unpack-dependencies.html

　　首先声明插件:web

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.8</version>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

copy 和 unpack

copy操做能够用来将某个（些）maven artifact(s)拷贝到某个目录下。添加phase和goal以下：spring

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.8</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>copy</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

而后就是配置，copy能够的配置的项比较多，详细的请参考：copy配置。下面是一些经常使用项说明：apache

Name Type Since Descriptionless

artifactItems	`List`	`1.0`	Collection of ArtifactItems to work on. (ArtifactItem contains groupId, artifactId, version, type, classifier, outputDirectory, destFileName and overWrite.) See Usage for details.
outputDirectory	`File`	`1.0`	Default output location used for mojo, unless overridden in ArtifactItem. Default value is: `${project.build.directory}/dependency`. User property is: `outputDirectory`.
prependGroupId	`boolean`	`2.7`	Prepend artifact groupId during copy Default value is: `false`. User property is: `mdep.prependGroupId`.

prependGroupId: 用来指示拷出来的library名字须要不须要加上groupId，默认是不加
outputDirectory: 用来指定拷出后Libraries的存放地

这里除了artifactItems没有默认值，须要指定外，全部其余的选项均可以被忽略：maven

<configuration>
    <artifactItems>
        <artifactItem>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
        </artifactItem>
    </artifactItems>
</configuration>

以上配置会将junit包拷到target/dependency目录下，文件名为：junit-4.11.jar。ide

若是想把它拷到lib目录下，能够以下配置：post

<configuration>
    <artifactItems>
        <artifactItem>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
        </artifactItem>
    </artifactItems>
    <outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory>
</configuration>

或者:ui

<configuration>
    <artifactItems>
        <artifactItem>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory>
        </artifactItem>
    </artifactItems>
</configuration>

根据上面的说明，artifactItem里能够有如下几个参数：url

groupId
artifactId
version
type
classifier
outputDirectory
destFileName
overWrite

一样的参数，artifactItem里的优先级更高，例如：

<configuration>
    <artifactItems>
        <artifactItem>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
        </artifactItem>
        <artifactItem>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.7</version>
            <outputDirectory>lib2</outputDirectory>
        </artifactItem>
    </artifactItems>
    <outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory>
</configuration>

其中junit会拷到lib目录下，由于它没有定义本身的outputDirectory；slf4j-log4j12会拷到lib2下，由于它定义了本身的outputDirectory。

unpack和copy相似，只不过它会把拷来的包解开，例如：

<executions>
    <execution>
        <phase>package</phase>
        <goals>
            <goal>unpack</goal>
        </goals>
    </execution>
</executions>
<configuration>
    <artifactItems>
        <artifactItem>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
        </artifactItem>
        <artifactItem>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.7</version>
            <outputDirectory>lib2</outputDirectory>
        </artifactItem>
    </artifactItems>
    <outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory>
</configuration>

则junit和slf4j-log4j12拷完之后，放到lib和lib2下的再也不是Jar包，仍是Jar包里的内容。

copy-dependencies 和 unpack-dependencies

上面介绍的copy 和 unpack操做是由要拷某个包，这个包须要具体指定要拷哪一个包，与当前工程的依赖没有关系。copy-dependencies和它有点相似，可是它是用来拷当前工程的依赖包的，典型的，例如咱们有一个web应用，当打成war包的时候，它全部的依赖也须要被打到应用中。

copy-dependencies的参数有不少，详细的能够参考：copy-dependencies Doc，可是几乎全部都有默认值。因此一个最简单的定义以下：

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.8</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

这里没有指定任何配置，全部的参数都用默认值，则当前工程的全部依赖（直接、间接的）都会被拷到target/dependency目录下。

也可使用outputDirectory指定存放在。另外，如下几个参数能够控制哪些依赖将被拷出（或排除）：

Name Type Since Description

excludeArtifactIds	`String`	`2.0`	Comma separated list of Artifact names to exclude. User property is: `excludeArtifactIds`.
excludeClassifiers	`String`	`2.0`	Comma Separated list of Classifiers to exclude. Empty String indicates don't exclude anything (default). User property is: `excludeClassifiers`.
excludeGroupIds	`String`	`2.0`	Comma separated list of GroupId Names to exclude. User property is: `excludeGroupIds`.
excludeScope	`String`	`2.0`	Scope to exclude. An Empty string indicates no scopes (default). User property is: `excludeScope`.
excludeTransitive	`boolean`	`2.0`	If we should exclude transitive dependencies Default value is: `false`. User property is: `excludeTransitive`.
excludeTypes	`String`	`2.0`	Comma Separated list of Types to exclude. Empty String indicates don't exclude anything (default). User property is: `excludeTypes`.
includeArtifactIds	`String`	`2.0`	Comma separated list of Artifact names to include. User property is: `includeArtifactIds`.
includeClassifiers	`String`	`2.0`	Comma Separated list of Classifiers to include. Empty String indicates include everything (default). User property is: `includeClassifiers`.
includeGroupIds	`String`	`2.0`	Comma separated list of GroupIds to include. User property is: `includeGroupIds`.
includeScope	`String`	`2.0`	Scope to include. An Empty string indicates all scopes (default). The scopes being interpreted are the scopes as Maven sees them, not as specified in the pom. In summary: `runtime` scope gives runtime and compile dependencies, `compile` scope gives compile, provided, and system dependencies, `test` (default) scope gives all dependencies, `provided` scope just gives provided dependencies, `system` scope just gives system dependencies. User property is: `includeScope`.
includeTypes	`String`	`2.0`	Comma Separated list of Types to include. Empty String indicates include everything (default). User property is: `includeTypes`.

例如当前工程有如下依赖：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.11</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.7</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
        <artifactId>camel-script</artifactId>
        <version>2.13.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
        <artifactId>camel-spring</artifactId>
        <version>2.13.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
        <artifactId>camel-xstream</artifactId>
        <version>2.13.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
        <artifactId>activemq-all</artifactId>
        <version>5.10.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.thoughtworks.xstream</groupId>
        <artifactId>xstream</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.7</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.ogce</groupId>
        <artifactId>xpp3</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.6</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

要排除全部scope为test的依赖：

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.8</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
            </goals>
        </execution>
    </executions>
    <configuration>
        <includeScope>compile</includeScope>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

注意：这里不能<excludeScope>test</excludeScope>，这样会把全部compile级别的也排除。看下图：

Copied From: Dependencies Scopes

scope/phase->	compile	test	run	assembly
compile	U	U	U	U
provided	U	!	!	!
runtime	!	U	U	U
test	!	U	!	!

说明：最左侧是表示dependency的scope级别，顶行表示maven的阶段，能够看出：compile级别的dependency会在全部阶段都被使用。

要排除全部camel的依赖，以下：

<configuration>
    <excludeGroupIds>org.apache.camel</excludeGroupIds>
</configuration>

要排除除camel-spring外的全部其余依赖以下：

<configuration>
    <includeArtifactIds>camel-spring</includeArtifactIds>
</configuration>

转载:http://liugang594.iteye.com/blog/2093082