在开发中,不管咱们使用 Push 仍是 Present 推出新的 ViewController 时,系统为了提升用户体验都会为咱们默认加上一些过渡动画。可是,系统默认的动画老是不能知足你们各类各样的需求的,因此系统也为咱们提供了在不一样场景下自定义过渡动画以及经过手势控制过渡进度的实现方案。git
这篇文章记录了自定义转场动画中的几种状况:程序员
首先,咱们如今介绍几个在自定义转场动画时须要接触的协议:github
UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning: 实现此协议的实例控制转场动画效果。json
UIViewControllerInteractiveTransitioning: 实现此协议的实例控制着利用手势过渡时的进度处理。bash
咱们在定义好了实现上面两个协议的类后,只须要在须要进行转场的地方,提供对应的对象便可。app
ps:下面的实例中,请你们忽略动画效果,关注实现。(实际上是懒得去写太多动画了。🤦♂️)框架
self.present(vc!, animated: true) {}
self.dismiss(animated: true) {}
复制代码
须要实现的UIViewControllerTransitioningDelegate方法:ide
//返回用于 present 的自定义 transition 动画
optional func animationController(forPresented presented: UIViewController, presenting: UIViewController, source: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning?
//返回用于 dismiss 的自定义 transition 动画
optional func animationController(forDismissed dismissed: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning?
复制代码
/// 第一个 VC 中点击跳转
func presentClick(_ sender: Any) {
let vc = self.storyboard?.instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: "PresentSecondViewController")
vc?.modalPresentationStyle = .fullScreen
vc?.transitioningDelegate = self
self.present(vc!, animated: true) {}
}
// 第一个 VC 实现协议,返回控制转场动画效果的实例
extension PresentFirstViewController: UIViewControllerTransitioningDelegate {
func animationController(forPresented presented: UIViewController, presenting: UIViewController, source: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning? {
return NormalPresentAnimator()
}
func animationController(forDismissed dismissed: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning? {
return NormalPresentAnimator()
}
}
复制代码
self.navigationController?.pushViewController(vc!, animated: true)
self.navigationController?.popViewController(animated: true)
复制代码
须要实现的UINavigationControllerDelegate方法:动画
optional func navigationController(_ navigationController: UINavigationController,
animationControllerFor operation: UINavigationController.Operation,
from fromVC: UIViewController,
to toVC: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning?
复制代码
class PushFirstViewController: UIViewController {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
self.navigationController?.delegate = self
}
@IBAction func pushClick(_ sender: Any) {
let vc = self.storyboard?.instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: "PushSecondViewController")
self.navigationController?.pushViewController(vc!, animated: true)
}
}
extension PushFirstViewController: UINavigationControllerDelegate {
//返回自定义过渡动画
func navigationController(_ navigationController: UINavigationController,
animationControllerFor operation: UINavigationController.Operation,
from fromVC: UIViewController,
to toVC: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning? {
if operation == .pop && fromVC is PushFirstViewController {
return nil
}
return NormalPushAnimator()
}
}
复制代码
在前面的两个专场实现中,咱们在须要转场的类中分别实现了UIViewControllerTransitioningDelegate 及 UINavigationControllerDelegate 方法,在这两个协议中,还有这样几个方法:ui
/// UIViewControllerTransitioningDelegate
optional func interactionControllerForPresentation(using animator: UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning) -> UIViewControllerInteractiveTransitioning?
optional func interactionControllerForDismissal(using animator: UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning) -> UIViewControllerInteractiveTransitioning?
/// UINavigationControllerDelegate
optional func navigationController(_ navigationController: UINavigationController,
interactionControllerFor animationController: UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning) -> UIViewControllerInteractiveTransitioning?
复制代码
上面这几个方法呢?其实就是咱们经过利用手势转场时过渡的进度处理方法。咱们须要在代理方法中返回一个实现了 UIViewControllerInteractiveTransitioning 协议的对象来对转场进度进行控制。下面的 UITabbarController 中我就实现一个利用手势控制转场的例子。 Present 及 Push/Pop 按照相同的思路实现便可。
UITabbarController 在默认的状态下,切换控制器时是没有动画效果的。若是须要动画效果的话,须要咱们进行自定义。
/// 返回实现了 UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning 协议的实例
func tabBarController(_ tabBarController: UITabBarController,
animationControllerForTransitionFrom fromVC: UIViewController,
to toVC: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning?
/// 返回实现了 UIViewControllerInteractiveTransitioning 协议的实例
func tabBarController(_ tabBarController: UITabBarController,
interactionControllerFor animationController: UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning) -> UIViewControllerInteractiveTransitioning?
复制代码
class TabbarController: UITabBarController, UITabBarControllerDelegate {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
self.delegate = self
}
func tabBarController(_ tabBarController: UITabBarController,
animationControllerForTransitionFrom fromVC: UIViewController,
to toVC: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning? {
if self.selectedIndex == 0 {
return TabbarAnimator(edge: .right)
} else {
return TabbarAnimator(edge: .left)
}
}
func tabBarController(_ tabBarController: UITabBarController,
interactionControllerFor animationController: UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning) -> UIViewControllerInteractiveTransitioning? {
if self.panGesture.state == .began || self.panGesture.state == .changed {
return TabbarInteractionTransition(pan: self.panGesture)
} else {
return nil
}
}
复制代码
Lottie 是 Android 和 iOS 的移动库,用 bodymovin 解析 Adobe After Effects 导出为 json 的动画并在移动设备上生成矢量动画。设计师能够轻松的建立漂亮(复杂)的动画,无需程序员辛苦地手动去建立及调试。
实现一些特殊的转场,且程序员无足够时间调试动画时。
ps:Lottie 转场的 LOTAnimationTransitionController 在 3.0.0 版本后被移除,因此须要使用 Lottie 作转场时,须要在导入时,指定版本号为更早的版本。我这里使用的是 2.5.3。
/// 第一个 VC
func presentClick(_ sender: Any) {
let vc = self.storyboard?.instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: "LottieSecondViewController")
vc?.transitioningDelegate = self
self.present(vc!, animated: true) {}
}
/// 实现 UIViewControllerTransitioningDelegate,返回 LOTAnimationTransitionController 的实例
extension LottieFirstViewController: UIViewControllerTransitioningDelegate {
func animationController(forPresented presented: UIViewController, presenting: UIViewController, source: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning? {
let transitionController = LOTAnimationTransitionController(animationNamed: "Count",
fromLayerNamed: "",
toLayerNamed: "",
applyAnimationTransform: false)
return transitionController
}
func animationController(forDismissed dismissed: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning? {
let transitionController = LOTAnimationTransitionController(animationNamed: "Three",
fromLayerNamed: "",
toLayerNamed: "",
applyAnimationTransform: false)
return transitionController
}
}
复制代码
上面的全部动画的示例能够在个人Github上找到哦,各位前快去下载把玩吧。
好的转场动画,在用户交互上会带来更加美妙的体验。让用户尽享丝滑哦。