关于 Activity 启动,Android 中场景大体有两个:java
本文主要介绍第一种场景git
因为 Activity 的启动流程中涉及了大量的进程间通讯,例如:ActivityManagerService 和 ActivityStack 位于同一进程,ApplicationThread 和 ActivityThread 位于同一进程。因此有必要梳理一下进程与线程的区别app
JVM 运行时数据分区如图所示:ide
四中启动模式的概念就不详述了,这里只是对关键点作出横向对比,如图所示源码分析
下面是一些 Intent Flag 及介绍,如图所示this
首先介绍一下 Activity 启动流程涉及到的核心类spa
ActivityThread 的做用是管理应用程序主线程的相关流程,例如管理与处理 activity manager 发送的请求,这些请求能够来自 Activity 或 BroadCast操作系统
它用来监控应用程序与系统之间的交互.net
AMS(ActivityManagerService)是贯穿Android系统组件的核心服务,负责了系统中四大组件的启动、切换、调度以及应用进程管理和调度工做线程
/** * Launches the intent referred by the clicked shortcut. * * @param v The view representing the clicked shortcut. */
public void onClick(View v) {
// Make sure that rogue clicks don't get through while allapps is launching, or after the
// view has detached (it's possible for this to happen if the view is removed mid touch).
if (v.getWindowToken() == null) {
return;
}
if (!mWorkspace.isFinishedSwitchingState()) { // Launcher 程序在监听点击事件时会判断页面是否正在滑动,若是在滑动则不响应点击应用程序 icon 的事件
return;
}
Object tag = v.getTag();
if (tag instanceof ShortcutInfo) { // 处理点击应用程序 icon 的场景
// Open shortcut
final Intent intent = ((ShortcutInfo) tag).intent;
int[] pos = new int[2];
v.getLocationOnScreen(pos);
intent.setSourceBounds(new Rect(pos[0], pos[1],
pos[0] + v.getWidth(), pos[1] + v.getHeight()));
boolean success = startActivitySafely(v, intent, tag); // startActivitySafely 这里主要会判断待启动的 Activity 是否存在,若不存在则会报 ActivityNotFound Exception 并捕获
if (success && v instanceof BubbleTextView) {
mWaitingForResume = (BubbleTextView) v;
mWaitingForResume.setStayPressed(true);
}
} else if (tag instanceof FolderInfo) { // 处理点击文件夹的场景
···
} else if (v == mAllAppsButton) {
···
}
}
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Launcher 程序在监听点击事件时会判断页面是否正在滑动,若是在滑动则不响应点击应用程序 icon 的事件
因为 Launcher 继承于 Activity, 所以代码执行流程到了 startActivity()
。
public class Activity extends ContextThemeWrapper implements LayoutInflater.Factory, Window.Callback, KeyEvent.Callback, OnCreateContextMenuListener, ComponentCallbacks {
......
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent) {
startActivityForResult(intent, -1);
}
......
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startActivity 最终是调用 startActivityForResult
, 传入的参数为 -1 表明此次启动 Activity 不须要获取结果
public class Activity extends ContextThemeWrapper implements LayoutInflater.Factory, Window.Callback, KeyEvent.Callback, OnCreateContextMenuListener, ComponentCallbacks {
......
public void startActivityForResult(Intent intent, int requestCode) {
if (mParent == null) {
Instrumentation.ActivityResult ar =
mInstrumentation.execStartActivity(
this, mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), mToken, this,
intent, requestCode);
......
} else {
......
}
......
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这里有两个有趣的场景:
startActivityForResult()
不能用于启动 singleTask
为启动模式的 Activity, 不然会从 onActivityForResult()
中收到 cancel 事件startActivityForResult()
, 而且传入的 requestCode >= 1, 那么 A Activity 所挂钩的 Window 将暂时不可见,这种不可见状态直到收到 B Activity 的回调结果。目的是防止 Activity 跳转时 UI 闪烁final int startActivityUncheckedLocked(ActivityRecord r, ActivityRecord sourceRecord, Uri[] grantedUriPermissions, int grantedMode, boolean onlyIfNeeded, boolean doResume) {
final Intent intent = r.intent;
final int callingUid = r.launchedFromUid;
int launchFlags = intent.getFlags();
// We'll invoke onUserLeaving before onPause only if the launching
// activity did not explicitly state that this is an automated launch.
mUserLeaving = (launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_USER_ACTION) == 0;
......
ActivityRecord notTop = (launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_PREVIOUS_IS_TOP)
!= 0 ? r : null;
// If the onlyIfNeeded flag is set, then we can do this if the activity
// being launched is the same as the one making the call... or, as
// a special case, if we do not know the caller then we count the
// current top activity as the caller.
if (onlyIfNeeded) {
......
}
if (sourceRecord == null) {
......
} else if (sourceRecord.launchMode == ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_INSTANCE) {
......
} else if (r.launchMode == ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_INSTANCE
|| r.launchMode == ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_TASK) {
......
}
if (r.resultTo != null && (launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK) != 0) {
......
}
boolean addingToTask = false;
if (((launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK) != 0 &&
(launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_MULTIPLE_TASK) == 0)
|| r.launchMode == ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_TASK
|| r.launchMode == ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_INSTANCE) {
// If bring to front is requested, and no result is requested, and
// we can find a task that was started with this same
// component, then instead of launching bring that one to the front.
if (r.resultTo == null) {
// See if there is a task to bring to the front. If this is
// a SINGLE_INSTANCE activity, there can be one and only one
// instance of it in the history, and it is always in its own
// unique task, so we do a special search.
ActivityRecord taskTop = r.launchMode != ActivityInfo.LAUNCH_SINGLE_INSTANCE
? findTaskLocked(intent, r.info)
: findActivityLocked(intent, r.info);
if (taskTop != null) {
......
}
}
}
......
if (r.packageName != null) {
// If the activity being launched is the same as the one currently
// at the top, then we need to check if it should only be launched
// once.
ActivityRecord top = topRunningNonDelayedActivityLocked(notTop);
if (top != null && r.resultTo == null) {
if (top.realActivity.equals(r.realActivity)) {
......
}
}
} else {
......
}
boolean newTask = false;
// Should this be considered a new task?
if (r.resultTo == null && !addingToTask
&& (launchFlags&Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK) != 0) {
// todo: should do better management of integers.
mService.mCurTask++;
if (mService.mCurTask <= 0) {
mService.mCurTask = 1;
}
r.task = new TaskRecord(mService.mCurTask, r.info, intent,
(r.info.flags&ActivityInfo.FLAG_CLEAR_TASK_ON_LAUNCH) != 0);
......
newTask = true;
if (mMainStack) {
mService.addRecentTaskLocked(r.task);
}
} else if (sourceRecord != null) {
......
} else {
......
}
......
startActivityLocked(r, newTask, doResume);
return START_SUCCESS;
}
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因为咱们是总 launcher 启动 Activity, 所以 当前的前台任务栈栈顶是 launcher Activity, 所以须要建立一个新的 ActivityStack, 和 ActivityRecord 对象,将 ActivityRecord 放入其中,最终这个新建立的 ActivityStack 被保存到 AMS 中
// If the top activity is the resumed one, nothing to do.
if (mResumedActivity == next && next.state == ActivityState.RESUMED) {
......
}
// If we are sleeping, and there is no resumed activity, and the top
// activity is paused, well that is the state we want.
if ((mService.mSleeping || mService.mShuttingDown)
&& mLastPausedActivity == next && next.state == ActivityState.PAUSED) {
......
}
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如今咱们已经准备好了新的 ActivityStack 和新的 ActivityRecord, 而后咱们就须要处理 launcher Activity 的生命周期,将其置为 pause 状态。根据源码,这里首先会检查被启动的 Activity 是否在栈顶,是否就是启动者,若是是的话,就什么都不作,若是都不知足的话,就须要将目前栈顶的 Activity 置为 Pause 状态,在这以前,首先要检查是否有正在 Pausing 的 Activity, 若是有的话launcher Activity 须要被挂起。
因为 Activity 启动流程较复杂,剩余流程将再也不详述,总结以下图所示: