圣杯布局和双飞翼布局一直是前端面试的高频考点,圣杯布局的出现是来自由 Matthew Levine 在 2006 年写的一篇文章 《In Search of the Holy Grail》。 比起双飞翼布局,它的起源不是源于对页面的形象表达。在西方,圣杯是表达“渴求之物”的意思。而双飞翼布局则是源于淘宝的UED,能够说是灵感来自于页面渲染。css
本来录制了一个小视频,奈何不能上传到博客中,视频中经过缩放页面能够发现随着页面的宽度的变化,这三栏布局是中间盒子优先渲染,两边的盒子框子宽度固定不变,即便页面宽度变小,也不影响咱们的浏览。注意:为了安全起见,最好仍是给body加一个最小宽度!
html
margin-left: -100%;
,让left回到上一行最左侧padding-left: 200px;padding-right: 150px;
,给left和right空出位置left: -200px;
把left拉回最左侧margin-right: -150px;
把right拉回第一行<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <script src="http://lib.sinaapp.com/js/jquery/2.0.2/jquery-2.0.2.min.js"></script> </head> <style> body { min-width: 550px; /* 2x leftContent width + rightContent width */ font-weight: bold; font-size: 20px; } #header, #footer { background: rgba(29, 27, 27, 0.726); text-align: center; height: 60px; line-height: 60px; } #footer { clear: both; } #container { padding-left: 200px; /* leftContent width */ padding-right: 150px; /* rightContent width */ overflow: hidden; } #container .column { position: relative; float: left; text-align: center; height: 300px; line-height: 300px; } #center { width: 100%; background: rgb(206, 201, 201); } #left { width: 200px; /* leftContent width */ right: 200px; /* leftContent width */ margin-left: -100%; background: rgba(95, 179, 235, 0.972); } #right { width: 150px; /* rightContent width */ margin-right: -150px; /* rightContent width */ background: rgb(231, 105, 2); } </style> <body> <div id="header">#header</div> <div id="container"> <div id="center" class="column">#center</div> <div id="left" class="column">#left</div> <div id="right" class="column">#right</div> </div> <div id="footer">#footer</div> </body> </html>复制代码
【2】flex弹性布局前端
display: flex;
flex: 1;
便可<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <script src="http://lib.sinaapp.com/js/jquery/2.0.2/jquery-2.0.2.min.js"></script> </head> <style> body { min-width: 550px; font-weight: bold; font-size: 20px; } #header, #footer { background: rgba(29, 27, 27, 0.726); text-align: center; height: 60px; line-height: 60px; } #container { display: flex; } #container .column { text-align: center; height: 300px; line-height: 300px; } #center { flex: 1; background: rgb(206, 201, 201); } #left { width: 200px; background: rgba(95, 179, 235, 0.972); } #right { width: 150px; background: rgb(231, 105, 2); } </style> <body> <div id="header">#header</div> <div id="container"> <div id="left" class="column">#left</div> <div id="center" class="column">#center</div> <div id="right" class="column">#right</div> </div> <div id="footer">#footer</div> </body> </html>复制代码
【3】grid布局jquery
如上图所示,咱们把body划分红三行四列的网格,其中有5条列网格线面试
display: grid;
属性变成一个grid(网格)<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <script src="http://lib.sinaapp.com/js/jquery/2.0.2/jquery-2.0.2.min.js"></script> </head> <style> body { min-width: 550px; font-weight: bold; font-size: 20px; display: grid; } #header, #footer { background: rgba(29, 27, 27, 0.726); text-align: center; height: 60px; line-height: 60px; } #header { grid-row: 1; grid-column: 1/5; } #footer { grid-row: 3; grid-column: 1/5; } .column { text-align: center; height: 300px; line-height: 300px; } #left { grid-row: 2; grid-column: 1/2; background: rgba(95, 179, 235, 0.972); } #center { grid-row: 2; grid-column: 2/4; background: rgb(206, 201, 201); } #right { grid-row: 2; grid-column: 4/5; background: rgb(231, 105, 2); } </style> <body> <div id="header">#header</div> <div id="left" class="column">#left</div> <div id="center" class="column">#center</div> <div id="right" class="column">#right</div> <div id="footer">#footer</div> </body> </html>复制代码