Material Design 使用总结

本文对Material Design Library里面的库类的使用作一个简单的汇总,方便之后能快速查询、快速上手使用。本文包括如下内容:css

  • Color Palette
  • Toolbar
  • AppBarLayout
  • CollapsingToolbarLayout
  • CoordinatorLayout
  • DrawerLayout、NavigationView
  • Floating Action Button (FAB)
  • Snackbar
  • TabLayout
  • TextInputLayout

若有遗漏,欢迎你们留言告知。我会持续补充,谢谢~。java

要使用Material Design Library ,首先得将依赖库加入到项目中,在appbuild.gradle中(dependencies{ }),添加以下:android

compile 'com.android.support:design:24.0.0'

 

1 Color Palette

咱们能够定义状态栏、ActionBar(或ToolBar)、导航栏等等颜色。能够经过以下方式:app

修改res/values/styles.xml文件以下:ide

<resources> <!-- Base application theme. --> <style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar"> <!-- Customize your theme here. --> <item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item> <item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item> <item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item> </style> </resources>

 

 

固然了,可自定义的不单单就上面示例中的3个,你还能够自定义以下图所示的区域的颜色:函数

Color Palette

例如,你能够修改窗口背景色:布局

<item name="android:windowBackground">@color/colorAccent</item>
  • 1
  • 1

2 Toolbar、AppBarLayout、CollapsingToolbarLayout

参考个人另外一篇文章【玩转AppBarLayout,更酷炫的顶部栏 】gradle

3 CoordinatorLayout

参考个人另外一篇文章【CoordinatorLayout的使用如此简单 】ui

4 DrawerLayout、NavigationView

在不少应用中都使用到了Drawer导航,在Design Support Library中,提供了DrawerLayout,看看如何使用的吧!this

首先,须要将Android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout做为布局的根标签,而后android.support.design.widget.NavigationView做为其中的子标签。以下所示:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" android:id="@+id/drawer_layout" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:fitsSystemWindows="true"> <RelativeLayout android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerInParent="true" android:text="hello world!" /> </RelativeLayout> <android.support.design.widget.NavigationView android:id="@+id/navigation_view" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_gravity="start" app:headerLayout="@layout/drawer_header" app:menu="@menu/drawer" /> </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout> 

 

NavigationView包含两个引用,一个是导航里面的头部,另外一个是菜单项,res/layout/drawer_header以下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="150dp" android:background="?attr/colorPrimaryDark" android:gravity="bottom" android:orientation="vertical" android:padding="16dp" android:theme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dark"> <TextView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="头部" android:textAppearance="@style/TextAppearance.AppCompat.Body1" /> </LinearLayout>

 

res/menu/drawer.xml以下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"> <group android:checkableBehavior="single"> <item android:id="@+id/home" android:checked="true" android:icon="@drawable/home" android:title="主页" /> <item android:id="@+id/theme" android:icon="@drawable/theme" android:title="主题" /> <item android:id="@+id/settings" android:icon="@drawable/setting" android:title="设置" /> </group> <item android:title="二级菜单"> <menu> <item android:icon="@drawable/favorite" android:title="收藏" /> <item android:icon="@drawable/ablum" android:title="相册" /> <item android:icon="@drawable/friends" android:title="好友" /> </menu> </item> </menu>

 

 

而后,能够在咱们的Activity里面响应菜单点击:

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements NavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener { private DrawerLayout mDrawerLayout; private NavigationView mNavigationView; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout); mNavigationView = (NavigationView) findViewById(R.id.navigation_view); mNavigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener(this); } @Override public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(MenuItem menuItem) { // int id = menuItem.getItemId(); String title = (String) menuItem.getTitle(); Toast.makeText(this, "您点击了 " + title, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); return super.onContextItemSelected(menuItem); } } 

 

效果以下: 
Drawer

5 Floating Action Button (FAB)

直接将android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton放入布局中便可,例如,要放到右下:

<android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton android:id="@+id/fab" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" android:layout_alignParentRight="true" android:layout_marginRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:layout_marginBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:src="@drawable/ic_done" />

 

 

若是须要监听点击,直接经过setOnclickListener便可:

fab = (FloatingActionButton) findViewById(R.id.fab);
        fab.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View view) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了FAB", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } });

 

 

FAB

6 Snackbar

通常状况下,若是你想给用户一个简短的响应反馈,咱们会选择使用Toast,如今咱们有了另外一个选择啦:Snackbar

看看如何使用

public void onClick(View v) { View.OnClickListener onClickListener = new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "您点击了Snackbar中的肯定", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }; Snackbar sb = Snackbar.make(v, "在这里是Snackbar显示内容", Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG); //添加点击"按钮"-->"肯定"及其对应的点击事件 sb.setAction("肯定", onClickListener); //设置"肯定"的颜色 sb.setActionTextColor(Color.RED); //设置显示消息的文字颜色 View view = sb.getView(); ((TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.snackbar_text)).setTextColor(Color.GREEN); //设置背景颜色 view.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY); //设置透明度 view.setAlpha(0.5f); //设置位置,Snackbar本质是一个LinearLayout ViewGroup.LayoutParams lp = view.getLayoutParams(); LinearLayout.LayoutParams llp = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(lp.width, lp.height); llp.gravity = Gravity.TOP; view.setLayoutParams(llp); //显示 sb.show(); } 

 

 

看看效果:

SnackBar

7 TabLayout

先看布局文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" tools:context="com.hc.materialdesign.MainActivity"> <android.support.design.widget.TabLayout android:id="@+id/tablayout" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="?attr/colorPrimary" android:theme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dark" app:tabGravity="center" app:tabMode="fixed" /> <android.support.v4.view.ViewPager android:id="@+id/viewpager" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" /> </LinearLayout>

 

 

 

 

注意到,TabLayout中有两个陌生的属性

  • app:tabMode:能够取以下两个值, 
    • fixed:表示Tab不能滚动
    • scrollable:表示Tab能够滚动,此时无论tabGravity取何值,都是按照从左到右排过去,即至关于app:tabGravity="left"(固然了,实际中没有left这个值,只是咱们能够这么去理解)
  • app:tabGravity:能够取以下两个值, 
    • fill:当tabMode取fixed时(即tab不能滚动时),tab的全部子标签填充tab的宽度
    • center:当tabMode去fixed时,tab中全部子标签居中显示。

为了有更加直观的理解,看几张图片:

app:tabMode="scrollable"

scrollable

app:tabMode="fixed"且 app:tabGravity="center"

center

app:tabMode=fixed且 app:tabGravity="fill"

fill

好了,接下来看看Activity里面具体代码:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); //初始化ViewPager及其适配器 MyPagerAdapter adapter = new MyPagerAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager()); ViewPager viewPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.viewpager); //将ViewPager与适配器关联 viewPager.setAdapter(adapter); //TabLayout TabLayout tabLayout = (TabLayout) findViewById(R.id.tablayout); //将ViewPager与TabLayout关联 tabLayout.setupWithViewPager(viewPager); //设置指示器的颜色 tabLayout.setSelectedTabIndicatorColor(Color.GREEN); } static class MyPagerAdapter extends FragmentStatePagerAdapter { public MyPagerAdapter(FragmentManager fm) { super(fm); } @Override public Fragment getItem(int position) { return MyFragment.newInstance(position); } @Override public int getCount() { return 3; } @Override public CharSequence getPageTitle(int position) { return "Tab " + position; } } }

 

其中MyFragment很简单,只是用于产生一个简单的Fragment:

public class MyFragment extends Fragment { private static final String TAB_POSITION = "tab_position"; public MyFragment() { } public static MyFragment newInstance(int tabPosition) { MyFragment fragment = new MyFragment(); Bundle args = new Bundle(); args.putInt(TAB_POSITION, tabPosition); fragment.setArguments(args); return fragment; } @Nullable @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { Bundle args = getArguments(); int tabPosition = args.getInt(TAB_POSITION); TextView tv = new TextView(getActivity()); tv.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER); tv.setText("Text in Tab #" + tabPosition); return tv; } } 

 

运行效果前面已经贴出来了,这里就再也不复制显示了。

8 TextInputLayout

TextInputLayout主要是用在登陆注册方面。

先看看效果:

Floating Labels for EditText

老规矩,从布局文件开始:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" android:padding="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context="com.hc.materialdesign.MainActivity"> <android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout android:id="@+id/userName" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> <EditText android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:hint="用户名" android:inputType="textEmailAddress" /> </android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout> <android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout android:id="@+id/email" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> <EditText android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:hint="邮箱" android:inputType="textEmailAddress" /> </android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout> <Button android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:onClick="login" android:text="注册" /> </LinearLayout> 

 

 

能够看到,其实就是将咱们平时用的Edit控件放入到android.support.design.widget.TextInputLayout里面,而且里面只能放一个Edit,不然会报错。这点让我不太满意,可是但是是在实现上放入多个Edit不太好控制吧。

再看MainActivity对输入框数据的验证:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { TextInputLayout userNameWrapper; TextInputLayout emailWrapper; String emailFormate = "^(\\w)+(\\.\\w+)*@(\\w)+((\\.\\w+)+)$"; private Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(emailFormate); @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); userNameWrapper = (TextInputLayout) findViewById(R.id.userName); emailWrapper = (TextInputLayout) findViewById(R.id.email); } private boolean checkUserName() { String userName = userNameWrapper.getEditText().getText().toString(); if (userName.trim().equals("")) return false; else return true; } private boolean checkEmail() { String email = emailWrapper.getEditText().getText().toString(); Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(email); return matcher.matches(); } public void login(View v) { View view = getCurrentFocus(); if (view != null) { ((InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE)). hideSoftInputFromWindow(view.getWindowToken(), InputMethodManager.HIDE_NOT_ALWAYS); } if (!checkUserName()) { userNameWrapper.setError("用户名不正确!"); } else { userNameWrapper.setError(""); if (!checkEmail()) { emailWrapper.setError("邮箱格式不正确!"); } else { emailWrapper.setError(""); } } } } 

 

 

若是数据是错误的,咱们只需经过setError函数来显示便可!

最后,可能你以及注意到,界面中,用到了各类颜色。也就是说,里面的颜色咱们是能够定制的,在你的style文件里面添加部分item便可:

<resources> <!-- Base application theme. --> <style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar"> <!-- Customize your theme here. --> <item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item> <item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item> <!-- Label color in TRUE state and bar color FALSE and TRUE State --> <item name="colorAccent">#00ff00</item> <item name="colorControlNormal">#00ffff</item> <item name="colorControlActivated">#ff00ff</item> <item name="android:textColorHint">#00ffff</item> <item name="textColorError">#ff0000</item> </style> </resources>
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