相信你们在build.gradle
中引入各类依赖的时候,或多或少会见过一些红线,gradle
会提示你,当前的编译版本和你依赖的这个支持库的版本号不一样,应该使用相同的支持库版本,来比避免编译不经过问题,相似于这种。
This support library should not use a different version (27) than the compileSdkVersion (26)
android
还有连锁反应会出现这种问题:全部的Android支持库
support
版本号要一致,也是避免运行时崩溃的问题。
All com.android.support libraries must use the exact same version specification (mixing versions can lead to runtime crashes). Found versions 27.1.0, 26.1.0. Examples include com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:27.1.0 and com.android.support:animated-vector-drawable:26.1.0
git
上面的问题,也能够在Android studio
左侧的Project
栏的External Libraries
中查看,能够看到 因为引入了和当前编译版本号不一样的支持库所产生的问题:
当引入一个第三方库,该库中也依赖了
Android
支持库,且支持库的版本,和当前版本不一致而致使的版本冲突:
解决冲突的方式包括:强制指定,排除。
Gradle 默认开启了 依赖传递 意思就是 项目依赖了A,A又依赖了B和C,这时候,咱们只须要写一行代码:implementation A
就好了,由传递依赖致使的冲突,默认是以最高版本的依赖为准,要想查看整个项目的依赖传递关系,使用命令:
./gradlew app:dependencies --configuration releaseRuntimeClasspath
github
app
是具体的module
。releaseRuntimeClasspath
是具体的variants
类型。app
+--- com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.2 | \--- com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout-solver:1.1.2 +--- com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.1.0 | +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:26.1.0 -> 27.1.1 | +--- com.android.support:support-v4:26.1.0 | | +--- com.android.support:support-compat:26.1.0 -> 27.1.1 | | | +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:27.1.1 | | | \--- android.arch.lifecycle:runtime:1.1.0 | | | +--- android.arch.lifecycle:common:1.1.0 | | | \--- android.arch.core:common:1.1.0 | | +--- com.android.support:support-media-compat:26.1.0 | | | +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:26.1.0 -> 27.1.1 | | | \--- com.android.support:support-compat:26.1.0 -> 27.1.1 (*) | | +--- com.android.support:support-core-utils:26.1.0 -> 27.1.1 | | | +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:27.1.1 | | | \--- com.android.support:support-compat:27.1.1 (*) | | +--- com.android.support:support-core-ui:26.1.0 -> 27.1.1 | | | +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:27.1.1 | | | +--- com.android.support:support-compat:27.1.1 (*) | | | \--- com.android.support:support-core-utils:27.1.1 (*) | | \--- com.android.support:support-fragment:26.1.0 -> 27.1.1 | | +--- com.android.support:support-compat:27.1.1 (*) | | +--- com.android.support:support-core-ui:27.1.1 (*) | | +--- com.android.support:support-core-utils:27.1.1 (*) | | +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:27.1.1 | | +--- android.arch.lifecycle:livedata-core:1.1.0 | | | +--- android.arch.lifecycle:common:1.1.0 | | | +--- android.arch.core:common:1.1.0 | | | \--- android.arch.core:runtime:1.1.0 | | | \--- android.arch.core:common:1.1.0 | | \--- android.arch.lifecycle:viewmodel:1.1.0 | +--- com.android.support:support-vector-drawable:26.1.0 | | +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:26.1.0 -> 27.1.1 | | \--- com.android.support:support-compat:26.1.0 -> 27.1.1 (*) | \--- com.android.support:animated-vector-drawable:26.1.0 | +--- com.android.support:support-vector-drawable:26.1.0 (*) | \--- com.android.support:support-core-ui:26.1.0 -> 27.1.1 (*) +--- com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:26.1.0 | +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:26.1.0 -> 27.1.1 | +--- com.android.support:support-compat:26.1.0 -> 27.1.1 (*) | \--- com.android.support:support-core-ui:26.1.0 -> 27.1.1 (*) \--- com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.7.1 +--- com.github.bumptech.glide:gifdecoder:4.7.1 | \--- com.android.support:support-annotations:27.1.1 +--- com.github.bumptech.glide:disklrucache:4.7.1 +--- com.github.bumptech.glide:annotations:4.7.1 \--- com.android.support:support-fragment:27.1.1 (*)
符号的含义:ide
x.x.x (*)
该依赖已经有了,将再也不重复依赖。x.x.x -> x.x.x
该依赖的版本被箭头所指的版本代替。x.x.x -> x.x.x(*)
该依赖的版本被箭头所指的版本代替,而且该依赖已经有了,再也不重复依赖。// 在build.gradle 中添加下面节点 configuration{ all*.exclude module: "support-fragment" }
执行结果:(部分)gradle
\--- com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.7.1 +--- com.github.bumptech.glide:gifdecoder:4.7.1 | \--- com.android.support:support-annotations:27.1.1 +--- com.github.bumptech.glide:disklrucache:4.7.1 \--- com.github.bumptech.glide:annotations:4.7.1
能够看到相比最开始的执行结果,已经将 glide
的子依赖 com.android.support:support-fragment
排除了。ui
implementation ('com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.7.1'){ exclude module:"support-fragment" }
执行结果:(部分)google
+--- com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.1.0 | +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:26.1.0 -> 27.1.1 | +--- com.android.support:support-v4:26.1.0 | | +--- com.android.support:support-compat:26.1.0 | | | ... | | +--- com.android.support:support-media-compat:26.1.0 | | | ... | | +--- com.android.support:support-core-utils:26.1.0 | | | ... | | +--- com.android.support:support-core-ui:26.1.0 | | | //不影响该子依赖 | | \--- com.android.support:support-fragment:26.1.0 | | +--- com.android.support:support-compat:26.1.0 (*) | | +--- com.android.support:support-core-ui:26.1.0 (*) | | \--- com.android.support:support-core-utils:26.1.0 (*) | +--- com.android.support:support-vector-drawable:26.1.0 | | ... | \--- com.android.support:animated-vector-drawable:26.1.0 | ... +--- com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:26.1.0 | //该依赖的子依赖被排除 \--- com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.7.1 +--- com.github.bumptech.glide:gifdecoder:4.7.1 | \--- com.android.support:support-annotations:27.1.1 +--- com.github.bumptech.glide:disklrucache:4.7.1 \--- com.github.bumptech.glide:annotations:4.7.1
能够看到指定排除glide
依赖的子依赖 com.android.support:support-fragment
不影响其余依赖。spa
exclude 能够搭配group
和module
使用,将会排除全部被匹配的依赖。
强制指定依赖的版本。
configurations.all { resolutionStrategy { force 'com.android.support:support-fragment:26.1.0' } }
执行结果(部分):code
+--- com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.1.0 | ... | +--- com.android.support:support-v4:26.1.0 | | +--- com.android.support:support-compat:26.1.0 | | | ... | | +--- com.android.support:support-media-compat:26.1.0 | | | ... | | +--- com.android.support:support-core-utils:26.1.0 | | | ... | | +--- com.android.support:support-core-ui:26.1.0 | | | //该依赖被强制指定了版本号 | | \--- com.android.support:support-fragment:26.1.0 | | +--- com.android.support:support-compat:26.1.0 (*) | | +--- com.android.support:support-core-ui:26.1.0 (*) | | \--- com.android.support:support-core-utils:26.1.0 (*) | +--- com.android.support:support-vector-drawable:26.1.0 | | ... | \--- com.android.support:animated-vector-drawable:26.1.0 | ... +--- com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:26.1.0 | ... \--- com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.7.1 +--- com.github.bumptech.glide:gifdecoder:4.7.1 | \--- com.android.support:support-annotations:27.1.1 +--- com.github.bumptech.glide:disklrucache:4.7.1 +--- com.github.bumptech.glide:annotations:4.7.1 //强制指定了版本号 \--- com.android.support:support-fragment:27.1.1 -> 26.1.0 (*)
写的匆忙,若有纰漏,还望指正,若是不当心绑到了你,那真是极好的,今天顺便google了一下,如何查看具体的某一个依赖的状况,可是一直没有头绪,使用了dependencyInsight
命令也不行。 若是有知道的但愿能够交流一下。 谢谢。