Spring mvc Controller单元测试

在使用spring mvc编写接口服务时进行单元测试是颇有必要的，能够减小接口的出错率减小协同调试时间，尤为是对于先后端分离的web应用，这种应用先后端分工明确。对于spring项目要是进行单元测试，只需集成spring-test便可，最好导入servlet api，不然可能出现相似错误

Caused by: java.util.MissingResourceException: Can't find bundle for base name 
javax.servlet.LocalStrings, locale zh_Cn

<dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
     <version>${spring.version}</version>
     <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>3.1.0</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

1.controller代码

@Controller
@RequestMapping("user")
public class UserController{
	@Resource
	private UserService userService;

	@ResponseBody
	@RequestMapping(value="/add",method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public CommonResult save(User entity){
		return userService.save(entity);
	}

	@ResponseBody
	@RequestMapping(value="/update",method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public CommonResult update(User entity){
		return userService.update(entity);
	}

	@ResponseBody
	@RequestMapping(value="/delete/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public CommonResult delete(@PathVariable int id){
		return userService.delete(id);
	}

	@ResponseBody
	@RequestMapping(value="/query/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public CommonResult queryById(@PathVariable int id){
		return userService.queryById(id);
	}

	/**
        * 使用@RequestBody接收json数据
        */
	@ResponseBody
	@RequestMapping(value = "jsonContent",method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public CommonResult testJsonContent(@RequestBody  User user){
		System.out.println("user:"+JSON.toJSONString(user));
		return new CommonResult();
	}
}

2.测试代码：

//静态导入
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.post;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

/**
 * controller restful接口单元测试
 *
 * @author yu
 * @date 2016-12-30 21:24:57
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration({
        "classpath:spring-mybatis.xml",
        "classpath:spring-mvc.xml"
})
public class UserControllerTest extends ControllerBaseTest {
    @Resource
    private WebApplicationContext wac;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        this.mockMvc = webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
    }

    /**
     * 测试controller add接口
     *
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testAdd() throws Exception {
        MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(post("/user/add")
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                .param("id", "1")
                .param("name", "zhangsan")
        ).andExpect(status().isOk()).andDo(print()).andReturn();
        System.out.println("result:" + result.getResponse().getContentAsString());
    }


    /**
     * 测试controller queryById接口
     *
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testQueryById() throws Exception {
        MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(get("/user/query/{id}", 1)
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                .param("param1", "pm1")
        ).andExpect(status().isOk()).andDo(print()).andReturn();
        System.out.println("result:" + result.getResponse().getContentAsString());
    }

    /**
     * 测试controller update接口
     *
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpdate() throws Exception {
        MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(get("/user/update")
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                .param("id", "1")
                .param("name", "list")
        ).andExpect(status().isOk()).andDo(print()).andReturn();
        System.out.println("result:" + result.getResponse().getContentAsString());
    }

    /**
     * 测试controller delete接口
     *
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testDelete() throws Exception {
        MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(get("/user/delete/{id}", 1)
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                .param("param1", "pm1")
        ).andExpect(status().isOk()).andDo(print()).andReturn();
        System.out.println("result:" + result.getResponse().getContentAsString());
    }

    
    /**
     * 测试发送content
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testSendJsonContent() throws Exception {
        User user = new User();
        user.setId(1);
        user.setName("lisi");
        String userJson = JSON.toJSONString(user);//发送json
        MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(post("/user/jsonContent")
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                .content(userJson)
        ).andExpect(status().isOk()).andDo(print()).andReturn();
        System.out.println("result:" + result.getResponse().getContentAsString());
    }
}

测试时加session

HashMap<String, Object> sessionattr = new HashMap<String, Object>();
 sessionattr.put("username", "xyyy");

    MvcResult result = mockMvc.perform(post("/news/add")
               // .sessionAttrs(sessionattr)
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)

注意：若是是测试类中只加载spring的配置，不加载spring mvc配置会致使@ResponseBody返回的值不能转换成json(因此其实就是spring mvc配置文件中定义了数据装换)而出现http status 406错误

@ContextConfiguration({"classpath:spring-mybatis.xml"})

 这种状况对于@RestController仍然能够得到数据，可是须要从MvcResult中调用

getModelAndView().getModel()

获得数据。