LogBack是由log4j的创始人开发的一个日志组件,用于替代log4j。LogBack的架构设计足够通用,可适用于不一样的环境,目前LogBack分为三个模:lobback-core,logback-classic和logback-access。html
core模块是其它两个模块的基础,classic是core的扩展,是log4j巨大改进的版本。LogBack-classic自己实现了SL4J的API,所以能够很容易的在logback与其它日志系统之间转换,例如log4j、JDK1.4中的java.util.logging(JUL)。第三个模块access,它集成了java
Servlet容器,提供了经过HTTP访问日志的功能。apache
LogBack的日志级别有TRACE < DEBUG < INFO < WARN < ERROR。和log4j相似,日志级别依次升高,高级别的日志等级将屏蔽低级别的日志等级。
api
注意:架构
在项目中使用logback,咱们须要一些依赖包,关于logback的初始化,要加载slf4j的包。其实我在这里只想单纯的研究下logback,可是官网上给的例子也都是用slf4j来初始化的,实际编码中这2者通常都是放在一块儿的。oracle
因此咱们这里也就将这几个包放一块儿研究好了。如今咱们开始:app
首先项目中添加logback的相关jar包。pom文件以下:maven
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>org.linkinpark.commons</groupId> <artifactId>linkin-log-test</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>linkin-log-test</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- slf4j依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.7.12</version> </dependency> <!-- logback依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> <!-- junit依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
如今来看下项目的目录结构:测试
OK,如今咱们暂时不添加任何项目配置文件,直接写一些业务代码来输出日志看下效果。ui
下面是咱们写的Java测试代码:
package org.linkinpark.commons.logbackLogging; import org.junit.Test; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; public class LoggingBack { private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggingBack.class); @Test public void test() { logger.debug("debug()。。。"); logger.info("info()。。。"); logger.error("error()。。。"); } }执行上面的测试,junit绿条,而后控制台输出以下:
15:41:47.516 [main] DEBUG o.l.c.logbackLogging.LoggingBack - debug()。。。 15:41:47.519 [main] INFO o.l.c.logbackLogging.LoggingBack - info()。。。 15:41:47.520 [main] ERROR o.l.c.logbackLogging.LoggingBack - error()。。。
Logback tries to find a file called logback.groovy in the classpath.
If no such file is found, logback tries to find a file called logback-test.xml in the classpath.
If no such file is found, it checks for the file logback.xml in the classpath..
If no such file is found, and the executing JVM has the ServiceLoader (JDK 6 and above) the ServiceLoader will be used to resolve an implementation of com.qos.logback.classic.spi.Configurator
. The first implementation found will be used. See ServiceLoader documentation for more details.
If none of the above succeeds, logback configures itself automatically using the BasicConfigurator
which will cause logging output to be directed to the console.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <configuration> <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender"> <!-- encoders are assigned the type ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder by default --> <encoder> <pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern> </encoder> </appender> <root level="info"> <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" /> </root> </configuration>
19:57:27.361 [main] INFO o.l.c.logbackLogging.LoggingBack - info()。。。 19:57:27.363 [main] ERROR o.l.c.logbackLogging.LoggingBack - error()。。。上面的测试代码输出3行不一样级别的日志,如今配置文件生效了info级别以上的日志输出,说明咱们的配置生效了。值得注意的是:这里的日志配置文件必须是logback.xml的文件,别的名字不行的,官网上的例子都是不一样的名字,我晕。