【原创】遨游springmvc之HandlerAdapter

1.前言

前一篇咱们讲述了HandlerMapping，它返回了请求对应的controller实例和对应的处理方法，不少读者认为就完事了，其实否则。因此咱们须要这一片来说述一下HandlerAdapter的做用。HandlerAdapter是用来无线扩展DistapcherServlet的一个接口，经过适配器模式实现的，举个例子：读卡器是做为内存卡和笔记本之间的适配器。您将内存卡插入读卡器，再将读卡器插入笔记本，这样就能够经过笔记原本读取内存卡。HandlerAdapter做用其实就跟这个读卡器差很少：它定义了如何处理请求的策略，将请求对应的参数和返回结果进行了一翻修饰，而后返回对应的视图ModelAndView。

HandlerAdapter定义了三个方法，如源码1.1：support方法的做用是判断处理适配器是否是支持该Handler。hanle方法，调用对应的Handler中适配到的方法，并返回一个ModelView，getLastModified返回请求最后被修改的时间,若是未知能够简单地返回-1

源码1.1

public interface HandlerAdapter {

	/**
	 * Given a handler instance, return whether or not this {@code HandlerAdapter}
	 * can support it. Typical HandlerAdapters will base the decision on the handler
	 * type. HandlerAdapters will usually only support one handler type each.
	 * <p>A typical implementation:
	 * <p>{@code
	 * return (handler instanceof MyHandler);
	 * }
	 * @param handler handler object to check
	 * @return whether or not this object can use the given handler
	 */
	boolean supports(Object handler);

	/**
	 * Use the given handler to handle this request.
	 * The workflow that is required may vary widely.
	 * @param request current HTTP request
	 * @param response current HTTP response
	 * @param handler handler to use. This object must have previously been passed
	 * to the {@code supports} method of this interface, which must have
	 * returned {@code true}.
	 * @throws Exception in case of errors
	 * @return ModelAndView object with the name of the view and the required
	 * model data, or {@code null} if the request has been handled directly
	 */
	ModelAndView handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception;

	/**
	 * Same contract as for HttpServlet's {@code getLastModified} method.
	 * Can simply return -1 if there's no support in the handler class.
	 * @param request current HTTP request
	 * @param handler handler to use
	 * @return the lastModified value for the given handler
	 * @see javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet#getLastModified
	 * @see org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.LastModified#getLastModified
	 */
	long getLastModified(HttpServletRequest request, Object handler);

}

spring3.2以前会默认给咱们提供3个适配器：

HttpRequestHandlerAdapter

SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter  

AnnotationMethodHandlerAdaptor

缺省使用DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping 来注册handler method和request的mapping关系。 AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter来在实际调用handlermethod前对其参数进行处理。 

其中3.2版本以后变成了

RequestMappingHandlerAdapter

一般在咱们的spring-mvc的配置文件中咱们会看到一行配置<mvc:annotation-driven/>,它提供了RequestMappingHandlerAdapter(还有RequestMappingHandlerMapping)，RequestMappingHandlerAdapter适配了RequestMappingInfoHandlerMapping。

 

2.源代码解刨

RequestMappingHandlerAdapter在springmvc中其实算是一个很是重要的类

2.1.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter依赖图

 

2.2 源码解刨

初始化了一系列的参数解析器(参数解析器咱们将在专门的一篇介绍，测出省略这些参数解析器的做用)

源码2.2.1

private List<HandlerMethodArgumentResolver> getDefaultArgumentResolvers() {
		List<HandlerMethodArgumentResolver> resolvers = new ArrayList<HandlerMethodArgumentResolver>();

		// Annotation-based argument resolution
		resolvers.add(new RequestParamMethodArgumentResolver(getBeanFactory(), false));
		resolvers.add(new RequestParamMapMethodArgumentResolver());
		resolvers.add(new PathVariableMethodArgumentResolver());
		resolvers.add(new PathVariableMapMethodArgumentResolver());
		resolvers.add(new MatrixVariableMethodArgumentResolver());
		resolvers.add(new MatrixVariableMapMethodArgumentResolver());
		resolvers.add(new ServletModelAttributeMethodProcessor(false));
		resolvers.add(new RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor(getMessageConverters(), this.requestResponseBodyAdvice));
		resolvers.add(new RequestPartMethodArgumentResolver(getMessageConverters(), this.requestResponseBodyAdvice));
		resolvers.add(new RequestHeaderMethodArgumentResolver(getBeanFactory()));
		resolvers.add(new RequestHeaderMapMethodArgumentResolver());
		resolvers.add(new ServletCookieValueMethodArgumentResolver(getBeanFactory()));
		resolvers.add(new ExpressionValueMethodArgumentResolver(getBeanFactory()));
		resolvers.add(new SessionAttributeMethodArgumentResolver());
		resolvers.add(new RequestAttributeMethodArgumentResolver());

		// Type-based argument resolution
		resolvers.add(new ServletRequestMethodArgumentResolver());
		resolvers.add(new ServletResponseMethodArgumentResolver());
		resolvers.add(new HttpEntityMethodProcessor(getMessageConverters(), this.requestResponseBodyAdvice));
		resolvers.add(new RedirectAttributesMethodArgumentResolver());
		resolvers.add(new ModelMethodProcessor());
		resolvers.add(new MapMethodProcessor());
		resolvers.add(new ErrorsMethodArgumentResolver());
		resolvers.add(new SessionStatusMethodArgumentResolver());
		resolvers.add(new UriComponentsBuilderMethodArgumentResolver());

		// Custom arguments
		if (getCustomArgumentResolvers() != null) {
			resolvers.addAll(getCustomArgumentResolvers());
		}

		// Catch-all
		resolvers.add(new RequestParamMethodArgumentResolver(getBeanFactory(), true));
		resolvers.add(new ServletModelAttributeMethodProcessor(true));

		return resolvers;
	}

 

初始化了一系列的返回值处理器(和参数解析器同样将在专门一篇介绍)

源码2.2.2

private List<HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler> getDefaultReturnValueHandlers() {
		List<HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler> handlers = new ArrayList<HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler>();

		// Single-purpose return value types
		handlers.add(new ModelAndViewMethodReturnValueHandler());
		handlers.add(new ModelMethodProcessor());
		handlers.add(new ViewMethodReturnValueHandler());
		handlers.add(new ResponseBodyEmitterReturnValueHandler(getMessageConverters()));
		handlers.add(new StreamingResponseBodyReturnValueHandler());
		handlers.add(new HttpEntityMethodProcessor(getMessageConverters(),
				this.contentNegotiationManager, this.requestResponseBodyAdvice));
		handlers.add(new HttpHeadersReturnValueHandler());
		handlers.add(new CallableMethodReturnValueHandler());
		handlers.add(new DeferredResultMethodReturnValueHandler());
		handlers.add(new AsyncTaskMethodReturnValueHandler(this.beanFactory));

		// Annotation-based return value types
		handlers.add(new ModelAttributeMethodProcessor(false));
		handlers.add(new RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor(getMessageConverters(),
				this.contentNegotiationManager, this.requestResponseBodyAdvice));

		// Multi-purpose return value types
		handlers.add(new ViewNameMethodReturnValueHandler());
		handlers.add(new MapMethodProcessor());

		// Custom return value types
		if (getCustomReturnValueHandlers() != null) {
			handlers.addAll(getCustomReturnValueHandlers());
		}

		// Catch-all
		if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(getModelAndViewResolvers())) {
			handlers.add(new ModelAndViewResolverMethodReturnValueHandler(getModelAndViewResolvers()));
		}
		else {
			handlers.add(new ModelAttributeMethodProcessor(true));
		}

		return handlers;
	}

 

最终处理请求的执行方法

源码2.2.3

/**
	 * Invoke the {@link RequestMapping} handler method preparing a {@link ModelAndView}
	 * if view resolution is required.
	 * @since 4.2
	 * @see #createInvocableHandlerMethod(HandlerMethod)
	 */
	protected ModelAndView invokeHandlerMethod(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response, HandlerMethod handlerMethod) throws Exception {

		ServletWebRequest webRequest = new ServletWebRequest(request, response);
		try {
            //获取WebDataBinder，实现类型绑定转换，至关于一个转化工具，将参数转换成服务端真正须要的类型
			WebDataBinderFactory binderFactory = getDataBinderFactory(handlerMethod);
			ModelFactory modelFactory = getModelFactory(handlerMethod, binderFactory);

			ServletInvocableHandlerMethod invocableMethod = createInvocableHandlerMethod(handlerMethod);
			invocableMethod.setHandlerMethodArgumentResolvers(this.argumentResolvers);
			invocableMethod.setHandlerMethodReturnValueHandlers(this.returnValueHandlers);
			invocableMethod.setDataBinderFactory(binderFactory);
			invocableMethod.setParameterNameDiscoverer(this.parameterNameDiscoverer);

			ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer = new ModelAndViewContainer();
			mavContainer.addAllAttributes(RequestContextUtils.getInputFlashMap(request));
			modelFactory.initModel(webRequest, mavContainer, invocableMethod);
			mavContainer.setIgnoreDefaultModelOnRedirect(this.ignoreDefaultModelOnRedirect);

			AsyncWebRequest asyncWebRequest = WebAsyncUtils.createAsyncWebRequest(request, response);
			asyncWebRequest.setTimeout(this.asyncRequestTimeout);

			WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request);
			asyncManager.setTaskExecutor(this.taskExecutor);
			asyncManager.setAsyncWebRequest(asyncWebRequest);
			asyncManager.registerCallableInterceptors(this.callableInterceptors);
			asyncManager.registerDeferredResultInterceptors(this.deferredResultInterceptors);

			if (asyncManager.hasConcurrentResult()) {
				Object result = asyncManager.getConcurrentResult();
				mavContainer = (ModelAndViewContainer) asyncManager.getConcurrentResultContext()[0];
				asyncManager.clearConcurrentResult();
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Found concurrent result value [" + result + "]");
				}
				invocableMethod = invocableMethod.wrapConcurrentResult(result);
			}
            //最终执行方法(包含参数解析，返回值包装)
			invocableMethod.invokeAndHandle(webRequest, mavContainer);
			if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) {
				return null;
			}

			return getModelAndView(mavContainer, modelFactory, webRequest);
		}
		finally {
			webRequest.requestCompleted();
		}
	}

 

处理返回值，并将之包装

源码2.2.4

/**
	 * Invokes the method and handles the return value through one of the
	 * configured {@link HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler}s.
	 * @param webRequest the current request
	 * @param mavContainer the ModelAndViewContainer for this request
	 * @param providedArgs "given" arguments matched by type (not resolved)
	 */
	public void invokeAndHandle(ServletWebRequest webRequest,
			ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer, Object... providedArgs) throws Exception {

		Object returnValue = invokeForRequest(webRequest, mavContainer, providedArgs);
		setResponseStatus(webRequest);

		if (returnValue == null) {
			if (isRequestNotModified(webRequest) || hasResponseStatus() || mavContainer.isRequestHandled()) {
				mavContainer.setRequestHandled(true);
				return;
			}
		}
		else if (StringUtils.hasText(this.responseReason)) {
			mavContainer.setRequestHandled(true);
			return;
		}

		mavContainer.setRequestHandled(false);
		try {
            //包装结果
			this.returnValueHandlers.handleReturnValue(
					returnValue, getReturnValueType(returnValue), mavContainer, webRequest);
		}
		catch (Exception ex) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace(getReturnValueHandlingErrorMessage("Error handling return value", returnValue), ex);
			}
			throw ex;
		}
	}

public Object invokeForRequest(NativeWebRequest request, ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
			Object... providedArgs) throws Exception {
        //获取包装过的参数，已经通过参数解析器处理
		Object[] args = getMethodArgumentValues(request, mavContainer, providedArgs);
		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("Invoking [");
			sb.append(getBeanType().getSimpleName()).append(".");
			sb.append(getMethod().getName()).append("] method with arguments ");
			sb.append(Arrays.asList(args));
			logger.trace(sb.toString());
		}
        //doInvoke执行方法返回结果
		Object returnValue = doInvoke(args);
		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			logger.trace("Method [" + getMethod().getName() + "] returned [" + returnValue + "]");
		}
		return returnValue;
	}

 

 

解析参数

源码2.2.6

/**
	 * Get the method argument values for the current request.
	 */
	private Object[] getMethodArgumentValues(NativeWebRequest request, ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer,
			Object... providedArgs) throws Exception {

		MethodParameter[] parameters = getMethodParameters();
		Object[] args = new Object[parameters.length];
        //循环springmvc初始化的参数解析器
		for (int i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {
			MethodParameter parameter = parameters[i];
			parameter.initParameterNameDiscovery(this.parameterNameDiscoverer);
			GenericTypeResolver.resolveParameterType(parameter, getBean().getClass());
			args[i] = resolveProvidedArgument(parameter, providedArgs);
			if (args[i] != null) {
				continue;
			}
            //得到匹配的参数解析器,获得处理后的参数结果
			if (this.argumentResolvers.supportsParameter(parameter)) {
				try {
					args[i] = this.argumentResolvers.resolveArgument(
							parameter, mavContainer, request, this.dataBinderFactory);
					continue;
				}
				catch (Exception ex) {
					if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
						logger.debug(getArgumentResolutionErrorMessage("Error resolving argument", i), ex);
					}
					throw ex;
				}
			}
			if (args[i] == null) {
				String msg = getArgumentResolutionErrorMessage("No suitable resolver for argument", i);
				throw new IllegalStateException(msg);
			}
		}
		return args;
	}

 

结果包装

源码2.2.7

@Override
	public void handleReturnValue(Object returnValue, MethodParameter returnType,
			ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer, NativeWebRequest webRequest) throws Exception {

		HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler handler = selectHandler(returnValue, returnType);
		if (handler == null) {
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown return value type: " + returnType.getParameterType().getName());
		}
        //根据指定的HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler处理结果
		handler.handleReturnValue(returnValue, returnType, mavContainer, webRequest);
	}

	private HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler selectHandler(Object value, MethodParameter returnType) {
		boolean isAsyncValue = isAsyncReturnValue(value, returnType);
		for (HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler handler : this.returnValueHandlers) {
			if (isAsyncValue && !(handler instanceof AsyncHandlerMethodReturnValueHandler)) {
				continue;
			}
			if (handler.supportsReturnType(returnType)) {
				return handler;
			}
		}
		return null;
	}

 

3.小结

HandlerAdapter是在DispatcherServlet正真处理事情的家伙，这一步处理了原理图中的四、五、六、7部分

期待下一章WebDataBinder

 

 

发现一个机智的导航😳