Tapable是一个为插件创造钩子的库,他也是webpack的核心库。Tapable v1以后的版本跟以前的用法差异很是大,主要区别是之前用继承class A extends tapable, 如今直接在类里面定义私有成员this.hooks. 貌似网上不少都是老版本的用法,鉴于立刻就要v2了,翻译走一波,顺便点一下目前1.1版本的坑
原文github.com/webpack/tap…
tapable提供不少钩子类(Hook classes),他们能够被用来为插件创造钩子。javascript
const {
SyncHook, // 同步钩子
SyncBailHook, // 同步早退钩子
SyncWaterfallHook, // 同步瀑布钩子
SyncLoopHook, // 同步循环钩子
AsyncParallelHook, // 异步并发钩子
AsyncParallelBailHook, // 异步并发可早退钩子
AsyncSeriesHook, // 异步顺序钩子
AsyncSeriesBailHook, // 异步顺序可早退钩子
AsyncSeriesWaterfallHook // 异步顺序瀑布钩子
} = require("tapable");复制代码
npm install --save tapable复制代码
全部的钩子类的构造器都接受一个可选参数,它是一个 这个钩子所接受参数的参数名数组。java
const hook = new SyncHook(["arg1", "arg2", "arg3"]);复制代码
最佳作法是一次性在hooks属性里面定义好所用的钩子:webpack
class Car {
constructor() {
this.hooks = {
// 如下分别是油门,刹车,计算路线钩子
accelerate: new SyncHook(["newSpeed"]),
brake: new SyncHook(),
calculateRoutes: new AsyncParallelHook(["source", "target", "routesList"])
};
}
/* ... */
}复制代码
其余人如今就能使用以上的钩子了:git
const myCar = new Car();
// 使用tap方法添加具体的执行逻辑
myCar.hooks.brake.tap("WarningLampPlugin", () => warningLamp.on()); // 亮灯插件,逻辑为刹车时亮灯复制代码
为了定位你的插件,一个合适的名字(上面WarningLampPlugin)是必须的。github
你定义的函数能够接收参数web
myCar.hooks.accelerate.tap("LoggerPlugin", newSpeed => console.log(`Accelerating to ${newSpeed}`));复制代码
对于同步的钩子,tap是仅有的添加插件的有效方法。异步钩子还支持异步插件,除了tap外,还有tapPromise,tapAsync等方法。typescript
myCar.hooks.calculateRoutes.tapPromise("GoogleMapsPlugin", (source, target, routesList) => {
// 谷歌的找路线的异步方法返回promise
return google.maps.findRoute(source, target).then(route => {
routesList.add(route);
});
});
myCar.hooks.calculateRoutes.tapAsync("BingMapsPlugin", (source, target, routesList, callback) => {
// bing的找路线异步方法用的callback方式
bing.findRoute(source, target, (err, route) => {
if(err) return callback(err);
routesList.add(route);
// call the callback
callback();
});
});
// 异步钩子也能够使用同步方法,好比下例取出缓存的版本
myCar.hooks.calculateRoutes.tap("CachedRoutesPlugin", (source, target, routesList) => {
const cachedRoute = cache.get(source, target);
if(cachedRoute)
routesList.add(cachedRoute);
})复制代码
而后声明了这些钩子的类须要用他们时:npm
class Car {
/* 我做为一辆车,我只在意我有如下功能,但这些功能的具体实现交给了第三方, * 我给这些第三方提供能修改逻辑的权限就行了 */
setSpeed(newSpeed) {
// 下面的call没有返回值
this.hooks.accelerate.call(newSpeed);
}
useNavigationSystemPromise(source, target) {
const routesList = new List();
return this.hooks.calculateRoutes.promise(source, target, routesList).then((res) => {
// res是undefined
return routesList.getRoutes();
});
}
useNavigationSystemAsync(source, target, callback) {
const routesList = new List();
this.hooks.calculateRoutes.callAsync(source, target, routesList, err => {
if(err) return callback(err);
callback(null, routesList.getRoutes());
});
}
}复制代码
(注:此处例子用的是SyncHook和AsyncParallelHook, 因此他们是没有返回值的,即便你返回了也只能获得undefined。要想获得返回值请用SyncWaterfallHook和AsyncSeriesWaterfallHook!并且注意waterfall钩子总会返回值(即便你不return))数组
咱们会用最高效的方式编译一个运行你提供的插件的方法,生成的代码取决于:promise
myCar.hooks.calculateRoutes.intercept({
call: (source, target, routesList) => {
console.log("Starting to calculate routes");
},
register: (tapInfo) => {
// tapInfo = { type: "promise", name: "GoogleMapsPlugin", fn: ... }
console.log(`${tapInfo.name} is doing its job`);
return tapInfo; // may return a new tapInfo object
}
})复制代码
myCar.hooks.accelerate.intercept({
context: true,
tap: (context, tapInfo) => {
// tapInfo = { type: "sync", name: "NoisePlugin", fn: ... }
console.log(`${tapInfo.name} is doing it's job`);
// `context` 从一个空对象开始若是至少有一个插件里写了 `context: true`.
// 若是没有插件定义 `context: true`, 那么 `context` 是 undefined.
if (context) {
// 你能够添加任意值,以后的插件都能访问到.
context.hasMuffler = true;
}
}
});
myCar.hooks.accelerate.tap({
name: "NoisePlugin",
context: true
}, (context, newSpeed) => {
if (context && context.hasMuffler) {
console.log("Silence...");
} else {
console.log("Vroom!");
}
});复制代码
const keyedHook = new HookMap(key => new SyncHook(["arg"]))复制代码
keyedHook.tap("some-key", "MyPlugin", (arg) => { /* ... */ });
keyedHook.tapAsync("some-key", "MyPlugin", (arg, callback) => { /* ... */ });
keyedHook.tapPromise("some-key", "MyPlugin", (arg) => { /* ... */ });复制代码
const hook = keyedHook.get("some-key");
if(hook !== undefined) {
hook.callAsync("arg", err => { /* ... */ });
}复制代码
公有的
interface Hook {
tap: (name: string | Tap, fn: (context?, ...args) => Result) => void,
tapAsync: (name: string | Tap, fn: (context?, ...args, callback: (err, result: Result) => void) => void) => void,
tapPromise: (name: string | Tap, fn: (context?, ...args) => Promise<Result>) => void,
intercept: (interceptor: HookInterceptor) => void
}
interface HookInterceptor {
call: (context?, ...args) => void,
loop: (context?, ...args) => void,
tap: (context?, tap: Tap) => void,
register: (tap: Tap) => Tap,
context: boolean
}
interface HookMap {
for: (key: any) => Hook,
tap: (key: any, name: string | Tap, fn: (context?, ...args) => Result) => void,
tapAsync: (key: any, name: string | Tap, fn: (context?, ...args, callback: (err, result: Result) => void) => void) => void,
tapPromise: (key: any, name: string | Tap, fn: (context?, ...args) => Promise<Result>) => void,
intercept: (interceptor: HookMapInterceptor) => void
}
interface HookMapInterceptor {
factory: (key: any, hook: Hook) => Hook
}
interface Tap {
name: string,
type: string
fn: Function,
stage: number,
context: boolean
}复制代码
protected(定义钩子的类才能用的)
interface Hook {
isUsed: () => boolean,
call: (...args) => Result,
promise: (...args) => Promise<Result>,
callAsync: (...args, callback: (err, result: Result) => void) => void,
}
interface HookMap {
get: (key: any) => Hook | undefined,
for: (key: any) => Hook
}复制代码
这是一个像钩子的类,用来重定向钩子的插件到其余钩子:
const { MultiHook } = require("tapable");
this.hooks.allHooks = new MultiHook([this.hooks.hookA, this.hooks.hookB]);复制代码