Linux安装python3+模块：requests，selenium和pyvirtualdisplay

1、首先，张贴其python脚本代码，从中能够看到，在安装python外，须要另外安装python的如下模块：requests，selenium和pyvirtualdisplay

#!-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
from selenium import webdriver
import requests
#要签到的QQ群号列表
groupid = [123456789,987654321]
headers = {"Content-Type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded","Host":"qiandao.qun.qq.com","Origin":"http://qiandao.qun.qq.com","Referer": "http://qiandao.qun.qq.com","User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.84 Safari/537.36"}
#建立一个启动session的请求对象
s = requests.Session()
def login():
        try:
                #启动一个虚拟桌面
                display = Display(visible=0, size=(1100,700))
                display.start()
                driver = webdriver.Firefox()
                driver.set_window_position(20, 40)
                driver.set_window_size(1100,700)
                #打开QQ登陆界面 准备登陆
                driver.get('http://qzone.qq.com')
                driver.switch_to_frame('login_frame')
                driver.find_element_by_id('switcher_plogin').click()
                driver.find_element_by_id('u').clear()
                #填写QQ账号
                driver.find_element_by_id('u').send_keys('qq号')
                driver.find_element_by_id('p').clear()
                #填写QQ密码
                driver.find_element_by_id('p').send_keys('****zh30.com****')
                #模拟点击登陆按钮 执行登陆 获取cookie
                driver.find_element_by_id('login_button').click()
                cookies = driver.get_cookies()
                #退出浏览器
                driver.quit()
                display.stop()
                return cookies
        except:
                pass

cookies = login()
for cookie in cookies:
        if cookie['name'] == 'skey':
                skey = cookie['value']
        s.cookies.set(cookie['name'], cookie['value'])

#计算bkn并存入cookie
e = 5381
for i in range(len(skey)):
    e = e + (e<<5)+ord(skey[i])
bkn = str(2147483647 & e)
s.cookies.set("Gtk", bkn)
#签到方法
def sign(groupid):
    for gid in groupid:
        response = s.post("http://qiandao.qun.qq.com/cgi-bin/sign", data={"gc":gid, "is_sign":0, "bkn":bkn}, headers=headers)
        responseJson = response.json()
        if responseJson.has_key('em') and responseJson['em'] == 'no&nbsp;login':
            break
#开始签到
sign(groupid)

2、安装python

1) 下载python3.3
~$ wget http://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.3.0/Python-3.3.0.tgz
2) 解压、进入目录、建立安装目录
~$ tar -zxvf Python-3.3.0.tgz
~$ cd Python-3.3.0
~$ mkdir /usr/local/python33
3) 编译、安装。（–prefix 指定安装到的位置；若是是centos5或其它版本，有可能在安装完后python中import zlib时会提示no module named zlib，须要在这条语句后面追加参数 –with-zlib）
~$ ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/python33
~$ make && make install
4) 设置，由于安装完后 系统默认执行python命令时仍是启动的2.7，咱们须要把默认的2.7从bin目录中转移走，换成咱们的python3.3。
~$ mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python27
~$ ln -s /usr/local/python33/bin/python3.3 /usr/bin/python
以上两句 第一句 将原系统中的python重命令为python27，第二句建立软链接(快捷方式)指向到咱们新安装的python3.3。这样在系统命令行中两个版本python均可以用。运行python将启动python3.3，运行python26将启动python2.7。

3、安装pyhton的模块

ps:不知为何，直接用pip安装了request,pyvirtualdisplay和selenium都无论用。因此改用源代码安装

1.安装requests模块
sudo git clone git://github.com/kennethreitz/requests.git
cd requests/
sudo python setup.py install

2.安装selenium
tar包下载地址：
https://git.oschina.net/tanjiajun/python/repository/archive/master
上传到linux,解压，安装
sudo tar -zxvf selenium-3.0.2.tar.gz
cd selenium-3.0.2
sudo python setup.py install
若是是pip安装的话，运行：sudo pip3 install selenium

3.安装pyvirtualdisplay
tar包下载地址：
https://git.oschina.net/tanjiajun/python/raw/master/PyVirtualDisplay-0.2.1.tar.gz
上传到linux,解压，安装
sudo tar -zxvf PyVirtualDisplay-0.2.1.tar.gz
cd PyVirtualDisplay-0.2.1
sudo python setup.py install

 4.还有一个在selenium模块中，咱们例子由于用到webdriver.Firefox()火狐浏览的driver.因此要下载geckodriverckod
下载地址：

https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases
 解压后将geckodriverckod，存放至/usr/local/bin/路径下便可

sudo mv ./Downloads/geckodriver /usr/local/bin/
 

大功告成，运行咱们开头的脚本代码，python sign.py(这边我保存的文件名为sign.py)