Android 数据存储知识梳理(1) SQLiteOpenHelper 源码解析

1、概述

这篇文章主要涉及到项目当中,使用数据库相关的操做:html

  • 使用SQLiteOpenHelper来封装数据库。
  • 多线程的状况下使用SQLiteOpenHelper

2、使用SQLiteOpenHelper封装数据库

2.1 使用SQLiteOpenHelper的缘由

之因此须要使用SQLiteOpenHelper,而不是调用Context的方法来直接获得SQLiteDatabase,主要是由于它有两个好处:android

  • 自动管理建立:当须要对数据库进行操做的时候,不用关心SQLiteOpenHelper所关联的SQLiteDatabase是否建立,SQLiteOpenHelper会帮咱们去判断,若是没有建立,那么就先建立该数据库后,再返回给使用者。
  • 自动管理版本:当须要对数据库进行操做以前,若是发现当前声明的数据库的版本和手机内的数据库版本不一样的时候,那么会分别调用onUpgradeonDowngrade,这样使用者就能够在里面来处理新旧版本的兼容问题。

2.2 SQLiteOpenHelperAPI

SQLiteOpenHelperAPI不多,咱们来看一下: sql

2.2.1 构造函数

/**
     * Create a helper object to create, open, and/or manage a database.
     * The database is not actually created or opened until one of
     * {@link #getWritableDatabase} or {@link #getReadableDatabase} is called.
     *
     * <p>Accepts input param: a concrete instance of {@link DatabaseErrorHandler} to be
     * used to handle corruption when sqlite reports database corruption.</p>
     *
     * @param context to use to open or create the database
     * @param name of the database file, or null for an in-memory database
     * @param factory to use for creating cursor objects, or null for the default
     * @param version number of the database (starting at 1); if the database is older,
     *     {@link #onUpgrade} will be used to upgrade the database; if the database is
     *     newer, {@link #onDowngrade} will be used to downgrade the database
     * @param errorHandler the {@link DatabaseErrorHandler} to be used when sqlite reports database
     * corruption, or null to use the default error handler.
     */
    public SQLiteOpenHelper(Context context, String name, CursorFactory factory, int version,
            DatabaseErrorHandler errorHandler) {
        if (version < 1) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Version must be >= 1, was " + version);

        mContext = context;
        mName = name;
        mFactory = factory;
        mNewVersion = version;
        mErrorHandler = errorHandler;
    }
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这里有一点很重要:当咱们实例化一个SQLiteOpenHelper的子类时,并不会马上建立或者打开它对应的数据库,这个操做是等到调用了getWritableDatabase或者getReadableDatabase才进行的数据库

  • context:用来打开或者关闭数据的上下文,须要注意内存泄露问题。
  • name:数据库的名字,通常为xxx.db,若是为空,那么使用的是内存数据库。
  • factory:建立cursor的工厂类,若是为空,那么使用默认的。
  • version:数据库的当前版本号,必须大于等于1
  • erroeHandler:数据库发生错误时的处理者,若是为空,那么使用默认处理方式。

2.2.2 得到SQLiteDatabase

通常状况下,当咱们实例完一个SQLiteOpenHelper对象以后,就能够经过它所关联的SQLiteDatabase,来对数据库进行操做了,得到数据库的方式有下面两种:缓存

/**
     * Create and/or open a database that will be used for reading and writing.
     * The first time this is called, the database will be opened and
     * {@link #onCreate}, {@link #onUpgrade} and/or {@link #onOpen} will be
     * called.
     *
     * <p>Once opened successfully, the database is cached, so you can
     * call this method every time you need to write to the database.
     * (Make sure to call {@link #close} when you no longer need the database.)
     * Errors such as bad permissions or a full disk may cause this method
     * to fail, but future attempts may succeed if the problem is fixed.</p>
     *
     * <p class="caution">Database upgrade may take a long time, you
     * should not call this method from the application main thread, including
     * from {@link android.content.ContentProvider#onCreate ContentProvider.onCreate()}.
     *
     * @throws SQLiteException if the database cannot be opened for writing
     * @return a read/write database object valid until {@link #close} is called
     */
    public SQLiteDatabase getWritableDatabase() {
        synchronized (this) {
            return getDatabaseLocked(true);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Create and/or open a database.  This will be the same object returned by
     * {@link #getWritableDatabase} unless some problem, such as a full disk,
     * requires the database to be opened read-only.  In that case, a read-only
     * database object will be returned.  If the problem is fixed, a future call
     * to {@link #getWritableDatabase} may succeed, in which case the read-only
     * database object will be closed and the read/write object will be returned
     * in the future.
     *
     * <p class="caution">Like {@link #getWritableDatabase}, this method may
     * take a long time to return, so you should not call it from the
     * application main thread, including from
     * {@link android.content.ContentProvider#onCreate ContentProvider.onCreate()}.
     *
     * @throws SQLiteException if the database cannot be opened
     * @return a database object valid until {@link #getWritableDatabase}
     *     or {@link #close} is called.
     */
    public SQLiteDatabase c() {
        synchronized (this) {
            return getDatabaseLocked(false);
        }
    }
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注意到,它们最终都是调用了同一个方法,而且在该方法上加上了同步代码块。安全

关于getWritableDatabase,源码当中提到了如下几点:bash

  • 该方法是用来建立或者打开一个可读写的数据库,当这个方法第一次被调用时,数据库会被打开,而且onCreateonUpgrade或者onOpen方法可能会被调用。
  • 一旦打开成功以后,这个数据库会被缓存,也就是其中的mDatabase成员变量,可是若是权限检查失败或者磁盘慢了,那么有可能会打开失败。
  • Upgrade方法有时候可能会执行耗时的操做,所以不要在主线程当中调用这个方法,包括ContentProvideronCreate()方法

关于getWritableDatabase,有几点说明:多线程

  • 在除了某些特殊状况,它和getWritableDatabase返回的同样,都是一个可读写的数据库,若是磁盘满了,那么才有可能返回一个只读的数据库。
  • 若是当前mDatabase是只读的,可是以后又调用了一个getWritableDatabase方法而且成功地获取到了可写的数据库,那么原来的mDatabase会被关闭,从新打开一个可读写的数据库,调用db.reopenReadWrite()方法。

下面,咱们来看一下getDatabaseLocked的具体实现,来了解其中的细节问题:并发

private SQLiteDatabase getDatabaseLocked(boolean writable) {
        if (mDatabase != null) {
            if (!mDatabase.isOpen()) {
                //若是使用者获取了db对象,但不是经过SQLiteOpenHelper关闭它,那么下次调用的时候会返回null。
                mDatabase = null;
            } else if (!writable || !mDatabase.isReadOnly()) {
                //若是不要求可写或者当前缓存的数据库已是可写的了,那么直接返回.
                return mDatabase;
            }
        }

        if (mIsInitializing) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("getDatabase called recursively");
        }

        SQLiteDatabase db = mDatabase;
        try {
            mIsInitializing = true;
            //若是要求可写,可是当前缓存的是只读的,那么尝试关闭后再从新打开来获取一个可写的。
            if (db != null) {
                if (writable && db.isReadOnly()) {
                    db.reopenReadWrite();
                }
            //下面就是没有缓存的状况.
            } else if (mName == null) {
                db = SQLiteDatabase.create(null);
            //这里就是咱们第一次调用时候的状况.
            } else {
                try {
                    if (DEBUG_STRICT_READONLY && !writable) {
                        final String path = mContext.getDatabasePath(mName).getPath();
                        db = SQLiteDatabase.openDatabase(path, mFactory,
                                SQLiteDatabase.OPEN_READONLY, mErrorHandler);
                    } else {
                        //以可写的方式打开或者建立一个数据库,注意这里有一个标志位mEnableWriteAheadLogging,咱们后面来解释.
                        db = mContext.openOrCreateDatabase(mName, mEnableWriteAheadLogging ?
                                Context.MODE_ENABLE_WRITE_AHEAD_LOGGING : 0,
                                mFactory, mErrorHandler);
                    }
                } catch (SQLiteException ex) {
                    //若是发生异常,而且要求可写的,那么直接抛出异常.
                    if (writable) {
                        throw ex;
                    }
                    Log.e(TAG, "Couldn't open " + mName
                            + " for writing (will try read-only):", ex);
                    //若是不要求可写,那么尝试调用只读的方式来打开。
                    final String path = mContext.getDatabasePath(mName).getPath();
                    db = SQLiteDatabase.openDatabase(path, mFactory,
                            SQLiteDatabase.OPEN_READONLY, mErrorHandler);
                }
            }
            //抽象方法,子类实现。
            onConfigure(db);
           
            final int version = db.getVersion();
            //若是新旧版本不想等,那么才会进入下面的判断.
            if (version != mNewVersion) {
                //当前数据库是只读的,那么会抛出异常。
                if (db.isReadOnly()) {
                    throw new SQLiteException("Can't upgrade read-only database from version " +
                            db.getVersion() + " to " + mNewVersion + ": " + mName);
                }
                //开启事务,onCreate/onDowngrade/OnUpgrade只会调用其中一个。
                db.beginTransaction();
                try {
                    if (version == 0) {
                        onCreate(db);
                    } else {
                        if (version > mNewVersion) {
                            onDowngrade(db, version, mNewVersion);
                        } else {
                            onUpgrade(db, version, mNewVersion);
                        }
                    }
                    db.setVersion(mNewVersion);
                    db.setTransactionSuccessful();
                } finally {
                    db.endTransaction();
                }
            }
            //数据库打开完毕.
            onOpen(db);

            if (db.isReadOnly()) {
                Log.w(TAG, "Opened " + mName + " in read-only mode");
            }

            mDatabase = db;
            return db;
        } finally {
            mIsInitializing = false;
            if (db != null && db != mDatabase) {
                db.close();
            }
        }
    }
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2.2.3 onConfig/onOpen

在上面获取数据库的过程当中,有两个方法:app

/**
     * Called when the database connection is being configured, to enable features
     * such as write-ahead logging or foreign key support.
     * <p>
     * This method is called before {@link #onCreate}, {@link #onUpgrade},
     * {@link #onDowngrade}, or {@link #onOpen} are called. It should not modify
     * the database except to configure the database connection as required.
     * </p><p>
     * This method should only call methods that configure the parameters of the
     * database connection, such as {@link SQLiteDatabase#enableWriteAheadLogging}
     * {@link SQLiteDatabase#setForeignKeyConstraintsEnabled},
     * {@link SQLiteDatabase#setLocale}, {@link SQLiteDatabase#setMaximumSize},
     * or executing PRAGMA statements.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param db The database.
     */
    public void onConfigure(SQLiteDatabase db) {}
    /**
     * Called when the database has been opened.  The implementation
     * should check {@link SQLiteDatabase#isReadOnly} before updating the
     * database.
     * <p>
     * This method is called after the database connection has been configured
     * and after the database schema has been created, upgraded or downgraded as necessary.
     * If the database connection must be configured in some way before the schema
     * is created, upgraded, or downgraded, do it in {@link #onConfigure} instead.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param db The database.
     */
    public void onOpen(SQLiteDatabase db) {}
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  • onConfigure:在onCreate/onUpgrade/onDowngrade调用以前,能够在它其中来配置数据库链接的参数,这时候数据库已经建立完成,可是表有可能还没建立,或者不是最新的。
  • onOpen:在数据库链接配置完成,而且数据库表已经更新到最新的,当咱们在这里对数据库进行操做时,须要判断它是不是只读的。

2.2.4 onCreate/onUpgrade/onDowngrade

/**
     * Called when the database is created for the first time. This is where the
     * creation of tables and the initial population of the tables should happen.
     *
     * @param db The database.
     */
    public abstract void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db);

    /**
     * Called when the database needs to be upgraded. The implementation
     * should use this method to drop tables, add tables, or do anything else it
     * needs to upgrade to the new schema version.
     *
     * <p>
     * The SQLite ALTER TABLE documentation can be found
     * <a href="http://sqlite.org/lang_altertable.html">here</a>. If you add new columns
     * you can use ALTER TABLE to insert them into a live table. If you rename or remove columns
     * you can use ALTER TABLE to rename the old table, then create the new table and then
     * populate the new table with the contents of the old table.
     * </p><p>
     * This method executes within a transaction.  If an exception is thrown, all changes
     * will automatically be rolled back.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param db The database.
     * @param oldVersion The old database version.
     * @param newVersion The new database version.
     */
    public abstract void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion);

    /**
     * Called when the database needs to be downgraded. This is strictly similar to
     * {@link #onUpgrade} method, but is called whenever current version is newer than requested one.
     * However, this method is not abstract, so it is not mandatory for a customer to
     * implement it. If not overridden, default implementation will reject downgrade and
     * throws SQLiteException
     *
     * <p>
     * This method executes within a transaction.  If an exception is thrown, all changes
     * will automatically be rolled back.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param db The database.
     * @param oldVersion The old database version.
     * @param newVersion The new database version.
     */
    public void onDowngrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
        throw new SQLiteException("Can't downgrade database from version " +
                oldVersion + " to " + newVersion);
    }
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  • onCreate原有数据库版本为0时调用,在里面咱们进行剪标操做;而onUpgrade/onDowngrade则在不相等时调用,在里面咱们对表的字段进行更改。
  • onDowngrade的默认实现是抛出异常。
  • onUpgrade没有默认实现。
  • 这三个操做都是放在事务当中,若是发生了错误,那么会回滚。

2.2.5 关闭

/**
     * Close any open database object.
     */
    public synchronized void close() {
        if (mIsInitializing) throw new IllegalStateException("Closed during initialization");

        if (mDatabase != null && mDatabase.isOpen()) {
            mDatabase.close();
            mDatabase = null;
        }
    }
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会关闭当前缓存的数据库,并把清空mDatabase缓存,注意这个方法也被加上了对象锁。

3、多线程状况下对SQLiterDBHelper的使用

  • 在多线程的状况下,每一个线程对同一个SQLiterDBHelper实例进行操做,并不会产生影响,由于刚刚咱们看到,在获取和关闭数据库的方法上,都加上了对象锁,因此最终咱们只是打开了一条到数据库上的链接,这时候就转变为去讨论SQLiteDatabase的增删改查操做是不是线程安全的了。
  • 然而,若是每一个线程获取SQLiteDatabase时,不是用的同一个SQLiterDBHelper,那么实际上是打开了多个链接,假如经过这多个链接同数据库的操做是没有同步的话,那么就会出现问题。

下面,咱们总结一下在多线程状况下,可能出现问题的几种场景:

3.1 多线程状况下每一个线程建立一个SQLiteOpenHelper,而且以前没有建立过关联的db

/**
     * 多线程同时建立,每一个线程持有一个SQLiteOpenHelper
     * @param view
     */
    public void multiOnCreate(View view) {
        int threadCount = 50;
        for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
            Thread thread = new Thread() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    MultiThreadDBHelper dbHelper = new MultiThreadDBHelper(MainActivity.this);
                    SQLiteDatabase database = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
                    ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues(1);
                    contentValues.put(MultiThreadDBContract.TABLE_KEY_VALUE.COLUMN_KEY, "thread_id");
                    contentValues.put(MultiThreadDBContract.TABLE_KEY_VALUE.COLUMN_VALUE, String.valueOf(Thread.currentThread().getId()));
                    database.insert(MultiThreadDBContract.TABLE_KEY_VALUE.TABLE_NAME, null, contentValues);
                }
            };
            thread.start();
        }
    }
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在上面这种状况下,因为多个线程的getWritableDatabase没有进行同步操做,而且这时候手机里面没有对应的数据库,那么就有可能出现下面的状况:

  • Thread#1调用getWritableDatabase,在其中获取数据库的版本号为0,所以它调用onCreate建表,建表完成。
  • Thread#1建表完成,可是尚未来得及给数据库设置版本号时,Thread#2也调用了getWritableDatabase,在其中它获取数据库版本号也是0,所以也执行了onCreate操做,那么这时候就会出现对一个数据库屡次创建同一张表的状况发生。

3.2 多线程状况下每一个线程建立一个SQLiteOpenHelper,同时对关联的db进行写入操做

/**
     * 多个线程同时写入,每一个线程持有一个SQLiteOpenHelper
     * @param view
     */
    public void multiWriteUseMultiDBHelper(View view) {
        MultiThreadDBHelper init = new MultiThreadDBHelper(MainActivity.this);
        SQLiteDatabase database = init.getWritableDatabase();
        database.close();
        int threadCount = 10;
        for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
            Thread thread = new Thread() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    MultiThreadDBHelper dbHelper = new MultiThreadDBHelper(MainActivity.this);
                    SQLiteDatabase database = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
                    for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
                        ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues(1);
                        contentValues.put(MultiThreadDBContract.TABLE_KEY_VALUE.COLUMN_KEY, "thread_id");
                        contentValues.put(MultiThreadDBContract.TABLE_KEY_VALUE.COLUMN_VALUE, String.valueOf(Thread.currentThread().getId()) + "_" + i);
                        database.insert(MultiThreadDBContract.TABLE_KEY_VALUE.TABLE_NAME, null, contentValues);
                    }
                }
            };
            thread.start();
        }
    }
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假如咱们启动了多个线程,而且在每一个线程中新建了SQLiteOpenHelper实例,那么当它们调用各自的getWritableDatabase方法时,实际上是对手机中的db创建了多个数据库链接,当经过多个数据库链接同时对db进行写入,那么会抛出下面的异常:

3.13.2咱们就能够看出,在多线程的状况下,每一个线程新建一个 SQLiteOpenHelper会出现问题,所以,咱们尽可能把它设计为单例的模式,那么是否是多个线程持有同一个 SQLiteOpenHelper实例就不会出现问题呢,其实并否则,咱们看一下下面这些共用同一个 SQLiteOpenHelper的情形。

3.3 多线程状况下全部线程共用一个SQLiteOpenHelper,其中一个线程调用了close方法

/**
     * 多线程下共用一个SQLiteOpenHelper
     * @param view
     */
    public void multiCloseUseOneDBHelper(View view) {
        final MultiThreadDBHelper init = new MultiThreadDBHelper(MainActivity.this);
        final SQLiteDatabase database = init.getWritableDatabase();
        database.close();
        Thread thread1 = new Thread() {

            @Override
            public void run() {
                SQLiteDatabase database = init.getWritableDatabase();
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Log.e("MainActivity", "e=" + e);
                }
                ContentValues contentValues = new Conten;
                contentValues.put(MultiThreadDBContract.TABLE_KEY_VALUE.COLUMN_KEY, "thread_id");
                contentValues.put(MultiThreadDBContract.TABLE_KEY_VALUE.COLUMN_VALUE, String.valueOf(Thread.currentThread().getId()));
                //因为Thread2已经关闭了数据库,所以这里再调用插入操做就会出现问题。
                database.insert(MultiThreadDBContract.TABLE_KEY_VALUE.TABLE_NAME, null, contentValues);
            }
        };
        thread1.start();
        Thread thread2 = new Thread() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(100);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    Log.e("MainActivity", "e=" + e);
                }
                init.close();
            }
        };
        thread2.start();
    }
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3.4 多线程状况下全部线程共用一个SQLiteOpenHelper,在写的过程当中同时读

因为是共用了同一个SQLiteOpenHelper,所以咱们须要考虑的是对于同一个SQLiteDatabase链接,是否容许读写并发,默认状况下是不容许的,可是,咱们能够经过SQLiteOpenHelper#setWriteAheadLoggingEnabled,这个配置默认是关的,当开启时表示:它容许一个写线程与多个读线程同时在一个SQLiteDatabase上起做用。实现原理是写操做实际上是在一个单独的文件,不是原数据库文件。因此写在执行时,不会影响读操做,读操做读的是原数据文件,是写操做开始以前的内容。在写操做执行成功后,会把修改合并会原数据库文件。此时读操做才能读到修改后的内容。可是这样将花费更多的内存。

4、解决多线程的例子

工厂类负责根据dbName建立对应的SQLiteOpenHelper

public abstract class DBHelperFactory {
    public abstract SQLiteOpenHelper createDBHelper(String dbName);
}
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经过管理类来插入指定数据库指定表

public class DBHelperManager {

    private HashMap<String, SQLiteOpenHelperWrapper> mDBHelperWrappers;
    private DBHelperFactory mDBHelperFactory;

    static class Nested {
        public static DBHelperManager sInstance = new DBHelperManager();
    }

    public static DBHelperManager getInstance() {
        return Nested.sInstance;
    }

    private DBHelperManager() {
        mDBHelperWrappers = new HashMap<>();
    }

    public void setDBHelperFactory(DBHelperFactory dbHelperFactory) {
        mDBHelperFactory = dbHelperFactory;
    }

    private synchronized SQLiteOpenHelperWrapper getSQLiteDBHelperWrapper(String dbName) {
        SQLiteOpenHelperWrapper wrapper = mDBHelperWrappers.get(dbName);
        if (wrapper == null) {
            if (mDBHelperFactory != null) {
                SQLiteOpenHelper dbHelper = mDBHelperFactory.createDBHelper(dbName);
                if (dbHelper != null) {
                    SQLiteOpenHelperWrapper newWrapper = new SQLiteOpenHelperWrapper();
                    newWrapper.mSQLiteOpenHelper = dbHelper;
                    newWrapper.mSQLiteOpenHelper.setWriteAheadLoggingEnabled(true);
                    mDBHelperWrappers.put(dbName, newWrapper);
                    wrapper = newWrapper;
                }
            }
        }
        return wrapper;
    }

    private synchronized SQLiteDatabase getReadableDatabase(String dbName) {
        SQLiteOpenHelperWrapper wrapper = getSQLiteDBHelperWrapper(dbName);
        if (wrapper != null && wrapper.mSQLiteOpenHelper != null) {
            return wrapper.mSQLiteOpenHelper.getReadableDatabase();
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    private synchronized SQLiteDatabase getWritableDatabase(String dbName) {
        SQLiteOpenHelperWrapper wrapper = getSQLiteDBHelperWrapper(dbName);
        if (wrapper != null && wrapper.mSQLiteOpenHelper != null) {
            return wrapper.mSQLiteOpenHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    private class SQLiteOpenHelperWrapper {
        public SQLiteOpenHelper mSQLiteOpenHelper;
    }

    public long insert(String dbName, String tableName, String nullColumn, ContentValues contentValues) {
        SQLiteDatabase db = getWritableDatabase(dbName);
        if (db != null) {
            return db.insert(tableName, nullColumn, contentValues);
        }
        return -1;
    }

    public Cursor query(String dbName, String table, String[] columns, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String groupBy, String having, String orderBy) {
        SQLiteDatabase db = getReadableDatabase(dbName);
        if (db != null) {
            return db.query(table, columns, selection, selectionArgs, groupBy, having, orderBy);
        }
        return null;
    }

    public int update(String dbName, String table, ContentValues values, String whereClause, String[] whereArgs) {
        SQLiteDatabase db = getWritableDatabase(dbName);
        if (db != null) {
            return db.update(table, values, whereClause, whereArgs);
        }
        return 0;
    }

    public int delete(String dbName, String table, String whereClause, String[] whereArgs) {
        SQLiteDatabase db = getWritableDatabase(dbName);
        if (db != null) {
            return db.delete(table, whereClause, whereArgs);
        }
        return 0;
    }

}
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多线程插入的方式改成下面这样:

public void multiWriteUseManager(View view) {
        int threadCount = 10;
        for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++) {
            Thread thread = new Thread() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
                        ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues(1);
                        contentValues.put(MultiThreadDBContract.TABLE_KEY_VALUE.COLUMN_KEY, "thread_id");
                        contentValues.put(MultiThreadDBContract.TABLE_KEY_VALUE.COLUMN_VALUE, String.valueOf(Thread.currentThread().getId()) + "_" + i);
                        DBHelperManager.getInstance().insert(MultiThreadDBContract.DATABASE_NAME, MultiThreadDBContract.TABLE_KEY_VALUE.TABLE_NAME, null, contentValues);
                    }
                }
            };
            thread.start();
        }
    }
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5、小结

这篇文章主要介绍的是SQLiteOpenHelper,须要注意如下三点:

  • 不要在多线程状况且没有进行线程同步的状况下,操做由不一样的SQLiteOpenHelper对象所返回的SQLiteDatabase
  • 在多线程共用一个SQLiteOpenHelper时,须要注意关闭时,是否有其它线程正在使用该Helper所关联的db
  • 在多线程共用一个SQLiteOpenHelper时,是否有同时读写的需求,若是有,那么须要设置setWriteAheadLoggingEnabled标志位。

对于SQLiteDatabase,还有更多的优化操做,当咱们有关数据库的错误时,咱们均可以根据错误码,在下面的网站当中找到说明:

https://www.sqlite.org/rescode.html

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