咱们在使用SpringData JPA框架时,进行条件查询,若是是固定条件的查询,咱们能够使用符合框架规则的自定义方法以及@Query注解实现。spring
若是是查询条件是动态的,框架也提供了查询接口。express
JpaSpecificationExecutor
和其余接口使用方式同样,只须要在你的Dao接口继承便可(官网代码)。框架
public interface CustomerRepository extends CrudRepository<Customer, Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor { … }
JpaSpecificationExecutor提供不少条件查询方法。less
public interface JpaSpecificationExecutor<T> { T findOne(Specification<T> var1); List<T> findAll(Specification<T> var1); Page<T> findAll(Specification<T> var1, Pageable var2); List<T> findAll(Specification<T> var1, Sort var2); long count(Specification<T> var1); }
好比方法:dom
List<T> findAll(Specification<T> var1);
就能够查找出符合条件的全部数据,若是你的框架使用的是前段分页的技术,那么这个方法就挺简便的。ide
那么这个方法该如何使用呢?咱们看到它须要的参数是一个ui
org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.Specification
对象。那咱们就建立这个对象先看看。this
Specification specification = new Specification() { @Override public Predicate toPredicate(Root root, CriteriaQuery criteriaQuery, CriteriaBuilder criteriaBuilder) { return null; } }
IDE自动生成了要重写的方法toPredicate。spa
root参数是咱们用来对应实体的信息的。criteriaBuilder能够帮助咱们制做查询信息。rest
/** * A root type in the from clause. * Query roots always reference entities. * * @param <X> the entity type referenced by the root * @since Java Persistence 2.0 */ public interface Root<X> extends From<X, X> {...}
/** * Used to construct criteria queries, compound selections, * expressions, predicates, orderings. * * <p> Note that <code>Predicate</code> is used instead of <code>Expression<Boolean></code> * in this API in order to work around the fact that Java * generics are not compatible with varags. * * @since Java Persistence 2.0 */ public interface CriteriaBuilder {...}
CriteriaBuilder对象里有不少条件方法,好比制定条件:某条数据的建立日期小于今天。
criteriaBuilder.lessThan(root.get("createDate"), today)
该方法返回的对象类型是Predicate。正是toPredicate须要返回的值。
若是有多个条件,咱们就能够建立一个Predicate集合,最后用CriteriaBuilder的and和or方法进行组合,获得最后的Predicate对象。
/** * Create a conjunction of the given restriction predicates. * A conjunction of zero predicates is true. * * @param restrictions zero or more restriction predicates * * @return and predicate */ Predicate and(Predicate... restrictions);
/** * Create a disjunction of the given restriction predicates. * A disjunction of zero predicates is false. * * @param restrictions zero or more restriction predicates * * @return or predicate */ Predicate or(Predicate... restrictions);
示例:
public List<WeChatGzUserInfoEntity> findByCondition(Date minDate, Date maxDate, String nickname){ List<WeChatGzUserInfoEntity> resultList = null; Specification querySpecifi = new Specification<WeChatGzUserInfoEntity>() { @Override public Predicate toPredicate(Root<WeChatGzUserInfoEntity> root, CriteriaQuery<?> criteriaQuery, CriteriaBuilder criteriaBuilder) { List<Predicate> predicates = new ArrayList<>(); if(null != minDate){ predicates.add(criteriaBuilder.greaterThan(root.get("subscribeTime"), minDate)); } if(null != maxDate){ predicates.add(criteriaBuilder.lessThan(root.get("subscribeTime"), maxDate)); } if(null != nickname){ predicates.add(criteriaBuilder.like(root.get("nickname"), "%"+nickname+"%")); } return criteriaBuilder.and(predicates.toArray(new Predicate[predicates.size()])); } }; resultList = this.weChatGzUserInfoRepository.findAll(querySpecifi); return resultList; }
and到一块儿的话全部条件就是且关系,or就是或关系了。
其实也是在Stack Overflow上看到的。