LAMP架构

时间  2019-11-13
标签 lamp 架构 栏目 系统架构 繁體版
原文   原文链接

LAMP架构介绍

  • Linux+Apache(httpd)+MySQL+PHP
  • PHP网站（谷歌、百度、猿课、淘宝）
  • 三个角色能够在一台机器上，也能够分开（httpd+PHP必需要在一块儿）
  • httpd、PHP、MySQL三者如何工做
  • httpd、PHP、MySQL三者如何工做

Apache(httpd)和PHP是一个总体，PHP是以一个模块的形式和Apache（httpd）结合在一块儿的，Apache(httpd)不能直接和MySQL通讯，只能经过PHP模块链接MySQL传递数据，而后PHP模块将搜集到数据传递Apache(httpd)，Apache(httpd)再讲数据传递给用户。这种行为叫作动态请求。php

用户浏览器经过Apache(httpd)访问网站上一些静态的文件（图片），而后返回给用户，并无经过MySQL，叫静态请求。MySQL里面存储数据，并不存储图片信息。html

MySQL/Mariadb介绍

  • MySQL是一个关系型数据库，由mysql ab公司开发，mysql在2018年被sun公司收购，2009年sun公司被oracle公司收购
  • MySQL官网：https://www.mysql.com
  • Mariadb 为MySQL的一个分支，官网https://maridb.com
  • Maridb主要由SKySQL公司（现改名为Mariadb公司）
  • Community社区版本，Enterprise企业版，GA（Generally Available）指的是通用版本，在生产环境中用的，DMR(Development Milestone Release)开发里程碑发布版，RC（Release Candidarte）发行候选版本，Beta开放测试版本，Alpha 内部测试版本

MySQL安装

安装MySQL

  • MySQL的几个经常使用的安装包：rpm、源码包、二进制免编译
  • cd /usr/local/src 源码包及资源存放在此目录下
  • wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz MySQL二进制包下载地址
  • tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
  • mv mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
  • cd /usr/local/mysql
  • useradd mysql
  • mkdir /data/
  • ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
  • cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
  • cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
  • vi /etc/init.d/mysqld
  • 定义basedir和datadir
  • /etc/init.d/mysqld start

安装MySQL思路python

  1. 将二进制包下载到/usr/local/src目录下
  2. 解压下载的二进制包
  3. 移动解压完的二进制目录包至 /usr/local/下 并将二进制包的名字更改成mysql
  4. 进入 /usr/local/mysql 目录中，建立一个mysql用户，建立data目录（为了存放mysql数据）
  5. 初始化完成
  6. 拷贝编辑配置文件和启动脚本
  7. 启动MySQL
[root@xuexi-001 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
······//进入到src目录下
[root@xuexi-001 src]# ls
······//查看当前目录下的文件
mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@xuexi-001 src]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
······//解压下载好的Mysql文件
[root@xuexi-001 src]# ls
mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64  mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@xuexi-001 src]# mv mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
······//移动mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64目录至/usr/local/下并更名字为 mysql
[root@xuexi-001 src]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# ls
bin      data  include  man         README   share      support-files
COPYING  docs  lib      mysql-test  scripts  sql-bench
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# useradd mysql
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# mkdir /data/ 
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
······//执行初始化
FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./scripts/mysql_install_db:
Data::Dumper
······ //报错 提示错误信息，缺乏perl和Dumper包
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# yum list |grep perl |grep -i dumper
······//进行模糊搜索 grep -i 忽略大小写
perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64                  2.145-3.el7                   base     
perl-Data-Dumper-Concise.noarch          2.020-6.el7                   epel     
perl-Data-Dumper-Names.noarch            0.03-17.el7                   epel     
perl-XML-Dumper.noarch                   0.81-17.el7                   base  
······//在不确认是依赖于哪一个包的状况下 这几个包都安装上，这里须要安装的包是 perl-Data-Dumper
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# yum install -y perl-Data-Dumper
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
······ //执行初始化 提示报错信息，缺乏libaio
Installing MySQL system tables..../bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# yum install -y libaio
······//安装libaio这个包
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
······ //执行初始化成功
Installing MySQL system tables...2018-06-23 00:22:31 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-06-23 00:22:31 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.
2018-06-23 00:22:31 0 [Note] ./bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.36) starting as process 3004 ...
2018-06-23 00:22:31 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2018-06-23 00:22:31 3004 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2018-06-23 00:22:31 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2018-06-23 00:22:31 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2018-06-23 00:22:31 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2018-06-23 00:22:31 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2018-06-23 00:22:31 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2018-06-23 00:22:31 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2018-06-23 00:22:31 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2018-06-23 00:22:31 3004 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!
2018-06-23 00:22:31 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB
2018-06-23 00:22:31 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...
2018-06-23 00:22:31 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB
2018-06-23 00:22:32 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB
2018-06-23 00:22:33 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0
2018-06-23 00:22:33 3004 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781
2018-06-23 00:22:33 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new
2018-06-23 00:22:33 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created
2018-06-23 00:22:33 3004 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2018-06-23 00:22:33 3004 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-06-23 00:22:33 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created
2018-06-23 00:22:33 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.
2018-06-23 00:22:33 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.
2018-06-23 00:22:33 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2018-06-23 00:22:33 3004 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.36 started; log sequence number 0
2018-06-23 00:22:33 3004 [Note] Binlog end
2018-06-23 00:22:33 3004 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2018-06-23 00:22:33 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3004 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977
OK
·····//第一个

Filling help tables...2018-06-23 00:22:35 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-06-23 00:22:35 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap.
2018-06-23 00:22:35 0 [Note] ./bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.36) starting as process 3026 ...
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.36 started; log sequence number 1625977
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] Binlog end
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2018-06-23 00:22:35 3026 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2018-06-23 00:22:37 3026 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987
OK
······//第二个

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

  ./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
  ./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h xuexi-001 password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:

  ./bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:

  cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl

  cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/

The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at

  http://www.mysql.com

Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com

WARNING: Found existing config file ./my.cnf on the system.
Because this file might be in use, it was not replaced,
but was used in bootstrap (unless you used --defaults-file)
and when you later start the server.
The new default config file was created as ./my-new.cnf,
please compare it with your file and take the changes you need.

WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system
This file will be read by default by the MySQL server
If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the
--defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server
····· //检查执行是否成功，检查文件里面有两个OK。另外一种方法 使用echo $?  看看结果是不是0
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# echo $?
0
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# ls support-files/my-default.cnf 
support-files/my-default.cnf
······//mysql模板配置文件
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
······ // mysql的配置文件叫 my.cnf 并且是固定在/etc/目录下
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# ls /etc/my.cnf
/etc/my.cnf
······// 系统中有一个自带的/etc/my.cnf若是想使用自带的my.cnf 须要更改里面的配置文件内容
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
······// 须要更改mysql路径
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
······//socket改成/tmp/下
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]
#log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
#pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
······//后面这两行内容暂时不用能够注释

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
#!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
······//配置文件完成后，须要拷贝启动脚本
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
······//将启动脚本文件拷贝至/etc/init.d/下并更名为mysqld
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld 
······//编辑启动脚本文件

#!/bin/sh
# Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB
# This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind

# MySQL daemon start/stop script.
······
# If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
# overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.

basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
······//须要更改的两个地方
# Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting
# for server start. 
······
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld 
······//赋予755权限，默认权限为755
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# ls -l /etc/init.d/mysqld 
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10592 6月  23 00:51 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
······//设置开机启动，须将mysqld加入到系统服务启动列表中
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# chkconfig --list
\
注：该输出结果只显示 SysV 服务，并不包含
原生 systemd 服务。SysV 配置数据
可能被原生 systemd 配置覆盖。 

      要列出 systemd 服务，请执行 'systemctl list-unit-files'。
      查看在具体 target 启用的服务请执行
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'。

mysqld         	0:关	1:关	2:开	3:开	4:开	5:开	6:关
netconsole     	0:关	1:关	2:关	3:关	4:关	5:关	6:关
network        	0:关	1:关	2:开	3:开	4:开	5:开	6:关
······//查看系统服务启动列表

其余方式启动
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# service mysqld start
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
······
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/xuexi-001.err'.
. SUCCESS! 
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# ps aux |grep mysql
······//查看启动的进程
root       3652  0.0  0.0  11772  1604 pts/0    S    01:10   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/xuexi-001.pid
mysql      3789  0.8 24.0 1300780 449572 pts/0  Sl   01:10   0:01 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/xuexi-001.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/xuexi-001.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
root       3831  0.0  0.0 112676   980 pts/0    R+   01:12   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# netstat -lntp
······//查看监听的端口
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      934/sshd            
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1136/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      934/sshd            
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1136/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      3789/mysqld         



若是没有将启动脚本/etc/init.d/下或者没有启动脚本可使用如下方法启动（命令行启动）
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 
······//中止mysql服务
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql &
[1] 4112
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# 180623 01:23:00 mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/mysql/xuexi-001.err'.
180623 01:23:00 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql
^C
······//使用命令行启动服务
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# !ps
······//查看启动进程
ps aux | grep mysql
root       4112  0.0  0.0 113260  1616 pts/0    S    01:22   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
mysql      4237  1.9 24.0 1300780 449536 pts/0  Sl   01:22   0:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/xuexi-001.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/xuexi-001.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
root       4260  0.0  0.0 112676   984 pts/0    R+   01:23   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
# --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf ·····//指定配置文件所在的路径

若是使用命令行的模式启动的mysql，要想关闭Mysql就须要使用killall mysqldmysql

[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# killall mysqld
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# 180623 01:27:33 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /data/mysql/xuexi-001.pid ended
[1]+  完成                  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
[root@xuexi-001 mysql]# !ps
ps aux | grep mysql
root       4308  0.0  0.0 112676   980 pts/0    R+   01:27   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql

不到万不得已不要使用kill ，可以使用kill + pid 数据传输过程当中强制杀死会形成数据的丢失以及磁盘的损坏 ,最好使用killall + 服务名称 ，killall相对安全。使用killall会先中止当前的写读操做，而后将没有写入到磁盘的数据慢慢写入到磁盘中去，直到数据传输完成，才把进程杀死。linux

# 若是遇到mysql 进程始终杀不死，ps 还会有进程，说明数据量很大正在写入磁盘，不能强制杀死使用Kill -9 , 有可能丢数据甚至损坏表。只能等着数据传输完成。

安装Mariadb

  • cd /usr/local/src
  • wget https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb-10.2.6/bintar-linux-glibc_214-x86_64/mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
  • tar zxvf mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
  • mv mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64 /usr/local/mariadb
  • cd /usr/local/mariadb
  • ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb/ --datadir=/data/mariadb
  • cp support-files/my-small.cnf /usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf
  • vi /usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf
  • //定义basedir和datadir
  • cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mariadb
  • vim /etc/init.d/mariadb //定义basedir、datadir、conf以及启动参数
  • /etc/init.d/mariadb start

安装mariadb 思路

  1. 切换到目录 /usr/local/src
  2. 下载mariadb 并解压
  3. 将解压后的目录文件移动到/usr/local/mariadb并更名为mariadb
  4. 建立mysql用户，/data/mariadb 并执行初始化
  5. 拷贝配置文件cp support-files/my-small.cnf /usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf
  6. 拷贝启动脚本 cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mariadb
  7. vim /etc/init.d/mariadb //定义basedir、datadir、conf以及启动参数

basedir=/usr/local/mariadbweb

datadir=/data/mariadbsql

conf=/usr/local/mariadb数据库

  1. 启动 mariadb /etc/init.d/mariadb start

操做演示

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@xuexi-001 src]# ls
mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@xuexi-001 src]# tar -zxvf mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64
[root@xuexi-001 src]# ls
mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64
mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@xuexi-001 src]# mv mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64 /usr/local/mariadb
[root@xuexi-001 src]# cd /usr/local/mariadb/
[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# ls
bin                 DESTINATION        lib           scripts
COPYING             docs               man           share
COPYING.thirdparty  EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT  mysql-test    sql-bench
CREDITS             include            README.md     support-files
data                INSTALL-BINARY     README-wsrep
[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# useradd mysql
[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# mkdir /data/
[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb/ --datadir=/data/mariadb
Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/data/mariadb' ...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MariaDB root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

'/usr/local/mariadb//bin/mysqladmin' -u root password 'new-password'
'/usr/local/mariadb//bin/mysqladmin' -u root -h xuexi-001 password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
'/usr/local/mariadb//bin/mysql_secure_installation'

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at http://mariadb.com/kb or the
MySQL manual for more instructions.

You can start the MariaDB daemon with:
cd '/usr/local/mariadb/' ; /usr/local/mariadb//bin/mysqld_safe --datadir='/data/mariadb'

You can test the MariaDB daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd '/usr/local/mariadb//mysql-test' ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems at http://mariadb.org/jira

The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/.
You can find additional information about the MySQL part at:
http://dev.mysql.com
Consider joining MariaDB's strong and vibrant community:
https://mariadb.org/get-involved/

[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# echo $?
0
[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# ls support-files/
binary-configure        my-large.cnf         mysql-log-rotate  wsrep_notify
magic                   my-medium.cnf        mysql.server
my-huge.cnf             my-small.cnf         policy
my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf  mysqld_multi.server  wsrep.cnf
[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# cp support-files/my-small.cnf /usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf
[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mariadb
[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# vi /etc/init.d/mariadb

basedir=/usr/local/mariadb
datadir=/data/mariadb
conf=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf

······ //须要修改的配置内容
$bindir/mysqld_safe --defarults-file="$conf" --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" "$@" &

······ //须要修改的配置内容
[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# service mariadb start
Reloading systemd:                                         [  肯定  ]
Starting mariadb (via systemctl):                          [  肯定  ]
[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# ps aux |grep mariadb
root       2099  0.0  0.0 115388  1752 ?        S    21:47   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/xuexi-001.pid
mysql      2215  3.8  3.0 1125124 56608 ?       Sl   21:47   0:00 /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mariadb/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/xuexi-001.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/xuexi-001.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root       2257  0.0  0.0 112676   984 pts/0    R+   21:48   0:00 grep --color=auto mariadb
[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# netstat -ltnp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      919/sshd            
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1264/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      919/sshd            
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1264/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      2215/mysqld

出现的问题：apache

[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# ps aux |grep mariadb
root       2099  0.0  0.0 115388  1752 ?        S    21:47   0:00 /bin/sh /usry.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/xuexi-001.pid
mysql      2215  0.2  3.4 1125124 64252 ?       Sl   21:47   0:00 /usr/local/mir=/usr/local/mariadb --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mariadb/liile=/data/mysql/xuexi-001.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root       2311  0.0  0.0 112676   984 pts/0    R+   21:54   0:00 grep --color

在以上操做过程当中指定了datadir=/data/mariadb 这里显示的是--datadir=/data/mysqljson

解决这个问提须要在Mariadb 配置文件中增长 datadir=/data/mariadb 由于同时启用了MySQL和mariadb 系统会从/etc/my.cnf中寻找

[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# vi /usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf

[mysqld]
datadir = /data/mariadb
······//增长这一行
[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# killall mysqld
······//先关掉mysql 服务
[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# service mariadb start
Starting mariadb (via systemctl):                          [  肯定  ]
[root@xuexi-001 mariadb]# ps aux | grep mariadb
root       2757  0.0  0.0 115388  1748 ?        S    22:11   0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mariadb --pid-file=/data/mariadb/xuexi-001.pid
mysql      2876  1.3  3.1 1125024 59228 ?       Sl   22:11   0:00 /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb --datadir=/data/mariadb --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mariadb/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mariadb/xuexi-001.err --pid-file=/data/mariadb/xuexi-001.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root       2912  0.0  0.0 112676   984 pts/0    R+   22:11   0:00 grep --color=auto mariadb

Apache 安装

  • Apache是一个基金会的名字，httpd才是咱们要安装的软件包，早期它的名字就叫apache
  • Apache官网www.apache.org
  • wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz
  • wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.5.2.tar.gz
  • wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
  • apr和apr-util是一个通用的函数库，它让httpd能够不关心底层的操做系统平台，能够很方便地移植（从linux移植到windows）
  • tar zxvf httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz
  • tar zxvf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
  • tar zxvf apr-1.5.2.tar.gz
  • cd /usr/local/src/apr-1.5.2
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
  • make && make install
  • cd /usr/local/src/apr-util-1.5.4
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
  • make && make install
  • cd /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.33
  • ./configure \ //这里的反斜杠是脱义字符，加上它咱们能够把一行命令写成多行
  • --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 \
  • --with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
  • --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util \
  • --enable-so \ 支持动态模块
  • --enable-mods-shared=most
  • make && make install
  • ls /usr/local/apache2.4/modules
  • /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -M //查看加载的模块

Apache 安装思路

  1. 先下载好软件包，并解压
  2. 首先安装apr

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr

make && make install

  1. 再安装apr-util

./configure

--prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr

make && make install

  1. 安装httpd

./configure

--prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4

--with-apr=/usr/local/apr

--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util

--enable-so

--enable-mods-shared=most

make && make install

操做演示

安装apr

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@xuexi-001 src]# ls
apr-1.6.3.tar.gz       httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz
mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz  mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@xuexi-001 src]# tar -zxvf apr-1.6.3.tar.gz 
[root@xuexi-001 src]# tar -zxvf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz 
[root@xuexi-001 src]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz 
[root@xuexi-001 src]# ls
apr-1.6.3              httpd-2.4.33
apr-1.6.3.tar.gz       httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz
apr-util-1.5.4         mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz  mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@xuexi-001 src]# cd apr-1.6.3
[root@xuexi-001 apr-1.6.3]# ls
apr-config.in  build-outputs.mk  helpers       misc           strings
apr.dep        CHANGES           include       mmap           support
apr.dsp        CMakeLists.txt    libapr.dep    network_io     tables
apr.dsw        config.layout     libapr.dsp    NOTICE         test
apr.mak        configure         libapr.mak    NWGNUmakefile  threadproc
apr.pc.in      configure.in      libapr.rc     passwd         time
apr.spec       docs              LICENSE       poll           tools
atomic         dso               locks         random         user
build          emacs-mode        Makefile.in   README
buildconf      encoding          Makefile.win  README.cmake
build.conf     file_io           memory        shmem
[root@xuexi-001 apr-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[root@xuexi-001 apr-1.6.3]# echo $?
0
[root@xuexi-001 apr-1.6.3]# make &&  make install
[root@xuexi-001 apr-1.6.3]# echo $?
0

安装apr-util

[root@xuexi-001 src]# cd apr-util-1.5.4
[root@xuexi-001 apr-util-1.5.4]# ls
aprutil.dep       CHANGES            include         NWGNUmakefile
aprutil.dsp       CMakeLists.txt     ldap            README
aprutil.dsw       config.layout      libaprutil.dep  README.cmake
aprutil.mak       configure          libaprutil.dsp  renames_pending
apr-util.pc.in    configure.in       libaprutil.mak  strmatch
apr-util.spec     crypto             libaprutil.rc   test
apu-config.in     dbd                LICENSE         uri
buckets           dbm                Makefile.in     xlate
build             docs               Makefile.win    xml
buildconf         encoding           memcache
build.conf        export_vars.sh.in  misc
build-outputs.mk  hooks              NOTICE
[root@xuexi-001 apr-util-1.5.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/
[root@xuexi-001 apr-util-1.5.4]# echo $?
0
[root@xuexi-001 apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install

xml/apr_xml.c:35:19: 致命错误：expat.h：没有那个文件或目录
 #include <expat.h>
 yum -y install libtool libtool-ltdl-devel.x86_64  expat-devel pcre.x86_64  pcre-devel.x86_64 gcc

安装httpd

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@xuexi-001 src]# ls
apr-1.6.3              httpd-2.4.33
apr-1.6.3.tar.gz       httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz
apr-util-1.5.4         mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz  mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@xuexi-001 src]# cd httpd-2.4.33
[root@xuexi-001 httpd-2.4.33]# ls
ABOUT_APACHE     CMakeLists.txt  INSTALL         NWGNUmakefile
acinclude.m4     config.layout   InstallBin.dsp  os
Apache-apr2.dsw  configure       LAYOUT          README
Apache.dsw       configure.in    libhttpd.dep    README.cmake
apache_probes.d  docs            libhttpd.dsp    README.platforms
ap.d             emacs-style     libhttpd.mak    ROADMAP
build            httpd.dep       LICENSE         server
BuildAll.dsp     httpd.dsp       Makefile.in     srclib
BuildBin.dsp     httpd.mak       Makefile.win    support
buildconf        httpd.spec      modules         test
CHANGES          include         NOTICE          VERSIONING
[root@xuexi-001 httpd-2.4.33]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most
[root@xuexi-001 httpd-2.4.33]# make 
[root@xuexi-001 httpd-2.4.33]# make install

启动服务

[root@xuexi-001 httpd-2.4.33]# cd /usr/local/apache2/······//切换到apache2目录下
[root@xuexi-001 apache2]# ls
bin  build  cgi-bin  conf  error  htdocs  icons  include  logs  man  manual  modules
······// 注：较经常使用目录bin（可执行文件存放目录）、conf（配置文件所在目录）、htdocs（存放一个访问页）、logs（日志文件存放目录）、modules（存放扩展模块）。 

查看Apache所加载的模块：
root@xuexi-001 apache2]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -M
或者使用
[root@xuexi-001 apache2]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -M
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::9625:3e1d:12c7:4fe6. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
Loaded Modules:
 core_module (static)
 so_module (static)
 http_module (static)
 mpm_event_module (static)
 authn_file_module (shared)
 authn_core_module (shared)
 authz_host_module (shared)
 authz_groupfile_module (shared)
 authz_user_module (shared)
 authz_core_module (shared)
 access_compat_module (shared)
 auth_basic_module (shared)
 reqtimeout_module (shared)
 filter_module (shared)
 mime_module (shared)
 log_config_module (shared)
 env_module (shared)
 headers_module (shared)
 setenvif_module (shared)
 version_module (shared)
 unixd_module (shared)
 status_module (shared)
 autoindex_module (shared)
 dir_module (shared)
 alias_module (shared)
 ······//AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::65d2:adc:20d3:8c74. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
#此处错误提示没影响。

启动：

[root@xuexi-001 apache2]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::9625:3e1d:12c7:4fe6. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message

检测状态：

[root@xuexi-001 apache2]# ps aux | grep httpd
root      53115  0.0  0.1  95580  2528 ?        Ss   23:21   0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    53116  0.4  0.2 382408  4432 ?        Sl   23:21   0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    53117  0.0  0.2 382408  4432 ?        Sl   23:21   0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -k start
daemon    53118  0.2  0.2 382408  4432 ?        Sl   23:21   0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -k start
root      53201  0.0  0.0 112720   972 pts/0    R+   23:22   0:00 grep --color=auto httpd
[root@xuexi-001 apache2]# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      922/sshd            
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1275/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      53115/httpd         
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      922/sshd            
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1275/master

安装中出现的错误：

[root@xuexi-001 apr-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking target system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
Configuring APR library
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
checking for working mkdir -p... yes
APR Version: 1.6.3
checking for chosen layout... apr
checking for gcc... no
checking for cc... no
checking for cl.exe... no
configure: error: in `/usr/local/src/apr-1.6.3':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
See `config.log' for more details
······// 没有安装gcc语言编译器须要安装gcc

[root@xuexi-001 apr-1.6.3]# yum install -y gcc
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [htpasswd] 错误 1
make[2]: 离开目录“/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.33/support”
make[1]: *** [all-recursive] 错误 1
make[1]: 离开目录“/usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.33/support”
make: *** [all-recursive] 错误 1
[root@xuexi-001 httpd-2.4.33]# yum install -y libxml2-devel
说明：缺乏了xml相关的库，须要安装libxml2-devel包。直接安装并不能解决问题，由于httpd调用的apr-util已经安装好了，可是apr-util并无libxml2-devel包支持
[root@xuexi-001 ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/apr-util/
[root@xuexi-001 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/apr-util-1.6.1
[root@xuexi-001 apr-util-1.6.1]# make clean
······// 安装完libxml2-devel 包以后，须要删除apr-util 文件以及清除缓存，并从新安装apr-util
[root@xuexi-001 apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
[root@xuexi-001 apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install
······//还须要从新编译httpd 也是须要先清除缓存，方法同上
[root@xuexi-001 src]# cd httpd-2.4.33
[root@xuexi-001 httpd-2.4.33]# make clean
[root@xuexi-001 httpd-2.4.33]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most
[root@xuexi-001 httpd-2.4.33]# make
[root@xuexi-001 httpd-2.4.33]# make install

PHP 5

  • PHP官网www.php.net
  • 当前主流版本为5.6/7.1
  • cd /usr/local/src/
  • wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.36.tar.gz
  • tar zxf php-5.6.36.tar.gz
  • cd php-5.6.36
  • ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif
  • make && make install
  • cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

PHP5 的安装

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@xuexi-001 src]# ls
apr-1.6.3         apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz  mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
apr-1.6.3.tar.gz  httpd-2.4.33           mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
apr-util-1.6.1    httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz    php-5.6.36.tar.bz2
[root@xuexi-001 src]# tar -zxvf php-5.6.36.tar.gz 
[root@xuexi-001 src]# ls
apr-1.6.3              httpd-2.4.33                                  php-5.6.36
apr-1.6.3.tar.gz       httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz                           php-5.6.36.tar.gz
apr-util-1.6.1         mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz
apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz  mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
 [root@xuexi-001 php-5.6.36]#   ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc  --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif
 [root@xuexi-001 php-5.6.36]# make && make install
 [root@xuexi-001 php-5.6.36]# ls -l /usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.so 
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 37744104 6月  25 01:01 /usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.so
······//PHP模块文件

 [root@xuexi-001 php-5.6.36]# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
 ······//apache 的配置文件
 
 [root@xuexi-001 php-5.6.36]# cp php.ini-production  /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

报错：configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's <evp.h>

解决： [root@xuexi-001 php-5.6.36]# yum install -y openssl-devel.x86_64

报错： configure: error: Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution

解决： [root@xuexi-001 php-5.6.36]# yum install -y bzip2-devel

报错： checking whether to enable JIS-mapped Japanese font support in GD... no If configure fails try --with-vpx-dir=<DIR> configure: error: jpeglib.h not found.

解决： [root@xuexi-001 php-5.6.36]# yum install -y libjpeg-devel

报错： checking whether to enable JIS-mapped Japanese font support in GD... no If configure fails try --with-vpx-dir=<DIR> checking for jpeg_read_header in -ljpeg... yes configure: error: png.h not found.

解决： [root@xuexi-001 php-5.6.36]# yum install -y libpng-devel

报错： checking whether to enable JIS-mapped Japanese font support in GD... no If configure fails try --with-vpx-dir=<DIR> checking for jpeg_read_header in -ljpeg... yes checking for png_write_image in -lpng... yes If configure fails try --with-xpm-dir=<DIR> configure: error: freetype-config not found.

解决： [root@xuexi-001 php-5.6.36]# yum install -y freetype-devel

报错： configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt.

解决： [root@xuexi-001 php-5.6.36]# yum install -y epel-release [root@xuexi-001 php-5.6.36]# yum install -y libmcrypt-devel

PHP 7安装

  • cd /usr/local/src/
  • wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-7.1.6.tar.bz2
  • tar jxvf php-7.1.6.tar.bz2
  • cd php-7.1.6
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php7/etc --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif
  • make && make install
  • ls /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp7.so
  • cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini
[root@xuexi-001 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@xuexi-001 src]# ls
apr-1.6.3              httpd-2.4.33                                  php-5.6.36
apr-1.6.3.tar.gz       httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz                           php-5.6.36.tar.gz
apr-util-1.6.1         mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz  
apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz  mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz     php-7.1.6.tar.bz2
[root@xuexi-001 src]# tar -jxvf php-7.1.6.tar.bz2 
[root@xuexi-001 src]# ls
apr-1.6.3              httpd-2.4.33                                  php-5.6.36
apr-1.6.3.tar.gz       httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz                           php-5.6.36.tar.gz
apr-util-1.6.1         mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz  php-7.1.6
apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz  mysql-5.6.36-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz     php-7.1.6.tar.bz2
[root@xuexi-001 src]# cd php-7.1.6
[root@xuexi-001 php-7.1.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php7/etc  --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif
[root@xuexi-001 php-7.1.6]# make && make install
[root@xuexi-001 php-7.1.6]# cp php.ini-production  /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini

查看加载的模块：
[root@xuexi-001 php-7.1.6]# /usr/local/php7/bin/php -m
[PHP Modules]
bz2
Core
ctype
date
dom
exif
fileinfo
filter
gd
hash
iconv
json
libxml
mbstring
mcrypt
mysqli
openssl
pcre
PDO
pdo_mysql
pdo_sqlite
Phar
posix
Reflection
session
SimpleXML
soap
sockets
SPL
sqlite3
standard
tokenizer
xml
xmlreader
xmlwriter
zlib

[Zend Modules]
[root@xuexi-001 php-7.1.6]# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
······//若是不想用哪一个就在配置文件前面加# 注释掉

LoadModule php5_module        modules/libphp5.so
LoadModule php7_module        modules/libphp7.so

Apache和php结合

配置httpd支持php

  • httpd主配置文件/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
  • vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf //修改如下4个地方
  • ServerName
  • Require all denied
  • AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
  • DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
  • /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t //测试语法
  • /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl start //启动服务
  • netstat -lntp
  • curl localhost
  • vim /usr/local/apache2.4/htodcs/test.php //增长以下内容

  • <?php

  • echo 123;
  • ?>
  • curl localhost/test.php

#去除此段警告提示// 修改配置文件第一处

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::9625:3e1d:12c7:4fe6. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[root@xuexi-001 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf 

#ServerName www.example.com:80
此处的# 删除改成
ServerName www.example.com:80

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart
httpd not running, trying to start
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl: 行 79:  1563 段错误               $HTTPD -k $ARGV

提示错误信息，此时须要将安装好的PHP5和PHP7中两个中的一个关掉，不能同时开启两个PHP.
[root@xuexi-001 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
LoadModule php5_module        modules/libphp5.so
#LoadModule php7_module        modules/libphp7.so
[root@xuexi-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
httpd (pid 1591) already running
[root@xuexi-001 ~]# ps aux |grep httpd
root       1591  0.0  0.4 255720  8868 ?        Ss   16:09   0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -k restart
daemon     1592  0.0  0.4 542548  8980 ?        Sl   16:09   0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -k restart
daemon     1593  0.0  0.4 542548  8980 ?        Sl   16:09   0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -k restart
daemon     1594  0.0  0.4 542548  8980 ?        Sl   16:09   0:00 /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -k restart
root       1685  0.0  0.0 112720   968 pts/0    R+   16:10   0:00 grep --color=auto httpd

#修改配置文件第二处

1.首先访问网站，直接输入IP ---> 显示没法访问，先检查网络是否通。

检查网络是否通。网络能够Ping通，网络没有问题
C:\Users\Administrator>ping 192.168.5.130

正在 Ping 192.168.5.130 具备 32 字节的数据:
来自 192.168.5.130 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.5.130 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.5.130 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64
来自 192.168.5.130 的回复: 字节=32 时间<1ms TTL=64

192.168.5.130 的 Ping 统计信息:
    数据包: 已发送 = 4，已接收 = 4，丢失 = 0 (0% 丢失)，
往返行程的估计时间(以毫秒为单位):
    最短 = 0ms，最长 = 0ms，平均 = 0ms

2.检查80端口是否通,首先打开windows上telnet服务

测试80端口是否通，80端口不通

3.在linux 虚拟机上设定一条规则 临时添加80端口

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

4.在windows 上测试80端口。显示这种It works!表明80端口已经通了

5.打开网页测试。网页测试成功

防止在打开虚拟主机配置文件的时候显示403

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

Require all denied······// 将此处 denied 修改成 granted

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK······//检查配置文件语法是否正确

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl graceful·······//`从新加载配置文件，并不会重启。

#修改配置文件第三处

增长一行 与php相关的配置

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf 

    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz······//在配置文件中找到这两行，在这两行后面加入下面这一行有关PHP的，帮助PHP解析。
    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
#修改配置文件第四处

添加内容（索引页）

在配置文件内容找到DirectoryIndex index.html ，这后面加入 index.php ，改成 DirectoryIndex index.html index.php

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf 
<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html index.php

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@xuexi-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl graceful
······// 检查配置文件，并从新加载配置文件

验证Apache 支持不支持解析PHP

先写一个PHP的脚本

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# vi /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/1.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
~

访问 ： 192.168.5.130/1.php

若是PHP 没有被解析，须要从如下几点排查问题

1.查看PHP模块有没有加载

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -M
Loaded Modules:
 core_module (static)
 so_module (static)
 http_module (static)
 mpm_event_module (static)
 authn_file_module (shared)
 authn_core_module (shared)
 authz_host_module (shared)
 authz_groupfile_module (shared)
 authz_user_module (shared)
 authz_core_module (shared)
 access_compat_module (shared)
 auth_basic_module (shared)
 reqtimeout_module (shared)
 filter_module (shared)
 mime_module (shared)
 log_config_module (shared)
 env_module (shared)
 headers_module (shared)
 setenvif_module (shared)
 version_module (shared)
 unixd_module (shared)
 status_module (shared)
 autoindex_module (shared)
 dir_module (shared)
 alias_module (shared)
 php5_module (shared)

若是没有加载，能够查看有没有模块文件，若是有文件并无显示，就要查看配置文件中有没有libphp5.so

[root@xuexi-001 ~]# ls /usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.so 
/usr/local/apache2/modules/libphp5.so
[root@xuexi-001 ~]# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
LoadModule php5_module        modules/libphp5.so

2.查看配置文件中有没有添加 “AddType application/x-httpd-php .php” .php前面有空格

3.在配置文件内容找到DirectoryIndex index.html ，这后面加入 index.php ，改成 DirectoryIndex index.html index.php

相关文章
相关标签/搜索
每日一句
    每一个你不满意的现在，都有一个你没有努力的曾经。
本站公众号
   欢迎关注本站公众号,获取更多信息
联系我们 最近搜索 最新文章 沪ICP备13005482号-10 MyBatis教程 SQL 教程 MySQL教程 Java 教程 Thymeleaf 教程 Hibernate教程 Spring教程 Redis教程