cobbler 无人值守安装
1.阿里云源
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[[email protected] ~]
# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
[[email protected] ~]
# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
[[email protected] ~]
# yum clean all
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2.操作系统（centos7.3 会有问题选择centos7.2或者7.1）
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[[email protected] ~]
# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core)
[[email protected] ~]
#
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3.安装需要的软件
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[[email protected] ~]
# yum install -y httpd dhcp tftp cobbler
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4.启动httpd和cobblerd
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[[email protected] ~]
# systemctl start httpd
[[email protected] ~]
# systemctl enable httpd
Created
symlink
from
/etc/systemd/system/multi-user
.target.wants
/httpd
.service to
/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd
.service.
[[email protected] ~]
# systemctl start cobblerd
[[email protected] ~]
# systemctl enable cobblerd
Created
symlink
from
/etc/systemd/system/multi-user
.target.wants
/cobblerd
.service to
/usr/lib/systemd/system/cobblerd
.service.
[[email protected] ~]
#
检查是否启动
[[email protected] ~]
# netstat -lntup
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID
/Program
name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 922
/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1580
/master
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25151 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2820
/python2
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 2792
/httpd
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 922
/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1580
/master
[[email protected] ~]
#
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5.执行cobbler check检查需要配置的cobbler模块
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[[email protected] ~]
# cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:
1 : The
'server'
field
in
/etc/cobbler/settings
must be
set
to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work. This should be a resolvable
hostname
or IP
for
the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it.
2 : For PXE to be functional, the
'next_server'
field
in
/etc/cobbler/settings
must be
set
to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network.
3 : change
'disable'
to
'no'
in
/etc/xinetd
.d
/tftp
4 : some network boot-loaders are missing from
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders
, you may run
'cobbler get-loaders'
to download them, or,
if
you only want to handle x86
/x86_64
netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely. Files
in
this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The
'cobbler get-loaders'
command
is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.
5 :
enable
and start rsyncd.service with systemctl
6 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
7 : ksvalidator was not found,
install
pykickstart
8 : The default password used by the sample templates
for
newly installed machines (default_password_crypted
in
/etc/cobbler/settings
) is still
set
to
'cobbler'
and should be changed, try:
"openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'"
to generate new one
9 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features.
install
cman or fence-agents to use them
Restart cobblerd and
then
run
'cobbler sync'
to apply changes.
[[email protected] ~]
#
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5.1 修改1和2
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[[email protected] ~]
# grep "192.168.56.13" /etc/cobbler/settings
next_server: 192.168.56.13
server: 192.168.56.13
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#
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5.2修改3
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5.3修改4
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[[email protected] ~]
# cobbler get-loaders
task started: 2017-02-20_033851_get_loaders
task started (
id
=Download Bootloader Content,
time
=Mon Feb 20 03:38:51 2017)
downloading https:
//cobbler
.github.io
/loaders/README
to
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README
downloading https:
//cobbler
.github.io
/loaders/COPYING
.elilo to
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING
.elilo
downloading https:
//cobbler
.github.io
/loaders/COPYING
.yaboot to
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING
.yaboot
downloading https:
//cobbler
.github.io
/loaders/COPYING
.syslinux to
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/COPYING
.syslinux
downloading https:
//cobbler
.github.io
/loaders/elilo-3
.8-ia64.efi to
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/elilo-ia64
.efi
downloading https:
//cobbler
.github.io
/loaders/yaboot-1
.3.17 to
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot
downloading https:
//cobbler
.github.io
/loaders/pxelinux
.0-3.86 to
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux
.0
downloading https:
//cobbler
.github.io
/loaders/menu
.c32-3.86 to
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu
.c32
downloading https:
//cobbler
.github.io
/loaders/grub-0
.97-x86.efi to
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86
.efi
downloading https:
//cobbler
.github.io
/loaders/grub-0
.97-x86_64.efi to
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64
.efi
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
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5.4修改5
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[[email protected] ~]
# systemctl start rsyncd
[[email protected] ~]
# systemctl enable rsyncd
Created
symlink
from
/etc/systemd/system/multi-user
.target.wants
/rsyncd
.service to
/usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd
.service.
[[email protected] ~]
# netstat -lntup
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID
/Program
name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:873 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2874
/rsync
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 922
/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1580
/master
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25151 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2820
/python2
tcp6 0 0 :::873 :::* LISTEN 2874
/rsync
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 2792
/httpd
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 922
/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1580
/master
[[email protected] ~]
#
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5.5 修改7 ，6不用管
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[[email protected] ~]
# yum -y install install pykickstart
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5.6 修改客户机的密码
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[[email protected] ~]
# openssl passwd -1 -salt '123123' '123123'
$1$123123$MAV.kVI
/b3swmFLErPD2b0
[[email protected] ~]
# vim /etc/cobbler/settings
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# grep "default_password_crypted" /etc/cobbler/settings
default_password_crypted:
"$1$123123$MAV.kVI/b3swmFLErPD2b0"
[[email protected] ~]
#
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5.7 修改9
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install cman fence-agents
5.8校验
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出现如下状况就可以了
[[email protected] ~]
# systemctl restart cobblerd
[[email protected] ~]
# cobbler check
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:
1 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories
Restart cobblerd and
then
run
'cobbler sync'
to apply changes.
[[email protected] ~]
#
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6 让cobbler管理dhcp
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[[email protected] ~]
# grep "manage_dhcp" /etc/cobbler/settings
manage_dhcp: 1
# if using cobbler with manage_dhcp, put the IP address
# Note that if manage_dhcp and manage_dns are disabled, the respective
[[email protected] ~]
#
[[email protected] ~]
# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template
subnet 192.168.56.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 192.168.56.2;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.56.2;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.56.100 192.168.56.254;
default-lease-
time
21600;
max-lease-
time
43200;
next-server $next_server;
class
"pxeclients"
{
match
if
substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) =
"PXEClient"
;
if
option pxe-system-
type
= 00:02 {
filename
"ia64/elilo.efi"
;
}
else
if
option pxe-system-
type
= 00:06 {
filename
"grub/grub-x86.efi"
;
}
else
if
option pxe-system-
type
= 00:07 {
filename
"grub/grub-x86_64.efi"
;
}
else
{
filename
"pxelinux.0"
;
}
}
}
[[email protected] ~]
# systemctl restart cobblerd
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7.让配置文件生效
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[[email protected] ~]
# cobbler sync
task started: 2017-02-20_041326_sync
task started (
id
=Sync,
time
=Mon Feb 20 04:13:26 2017)
running pre-
sync
triggers
cleaning trees
removing:
/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/images
copying bootloaders
trying hardlink
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/pxelinux
.0 ->
/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux
.0
trying hardlink
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/menu
.c32 ->
/var/lib/tftpboot/menu
.c32
trying hardlink
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/yaboot
->
/var/lib/tftpboot/yaboot
trying hardlink
/usr/share/syslinux/memdisk
->
/var/lib/tftpboot/memdisk
trying hardlink
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86
.efi ->
/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86
.efi
trying hardlink
/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64
.efi ->
/var/lib/tftpboot/grub/grub-x86_64
.efi
copying distros to tftpboot
copying images
generating PXE configuration files
generating PXE menu structure
rendering DHCP files
generating
/etc/dhcp/dhcpd
.conf
rendering TFTPD files
generating
/etc/xinetd
.d
/tftp
cleaning link caches
running post-
sync
triggers
running python triggers from
/var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/
*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.sync_post_restart_services
running: dhcpd -t -q
received on stdout:
received on stderr:
running: service dhcpd restart
received on stdout:
received on stderr: Redirecting to
/bin/systemctl
restart dhcpd.service
running shell triggers from
/var/lib/cobbler/triggers/sync/post/
*
running python triggers from
/var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/
*
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from
/var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/
*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
[[email protected] ~]
#
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8.上传镜像
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[[email protected] opt]
# ll
total 4228096
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4329570304 Feb 20 04:20 CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
[[email protected] opt]
# mount -o loop /opt/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso /mnt
mount
:
/dev/loop0
is write-protected, mounting
read
-only
[[email protected] opt]
#
导入镜像
[[email protected] opt]
# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=CentOS-7.2-x86_64 --arch=x86_64
task started: 2017-02-20_042242_import
task started (
id
=Media
import
,
time
=Mon Feb 20 04:22:42 2017)
。。。。。 此处比较慢
镜像导入这一步其实是，复制镜像的过程
[[email protected] mnt]
# cd /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror
[[email protected] ks_mirror]
# ls
CentOS-7.2-x86_64 config
[[email protected] ks_mirror]
#
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9检查校验
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[[email protected] ks_mirror]
# cobbler list
distros:
CentOS-7.2-x86_64
profiles:
CentOS-7.2-x86_64
systems:
repos:
images:
mgmtclasses:
packages:
files:
[[email protected] ks_mirror]
#
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10上传配置文件
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[[email protected] kickstarts]
# ll
total 56
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1355 Feb 18 15:39 CentOS-7-x86_64.cfg
#这个配置文件
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 115 Nov 17 03:09 default.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22 Nov 17 03:09 esxi4-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 22 Nov 17 03:09 esxi5-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 54 Feb 20 03:29 install_profiles
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1424 Nov 17 03:09 legacy.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 292 Nov 17 03:09 pxerescue.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2916 Nov 17 03:09 sample_autoyast.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1825 Nov 17 03:09 sample_end.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 17 03:09 sample_esx4.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 324 Nov 17 03:09 sample_esxi4.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 386 Nov 17 03:09 sample_esxi5.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1784 Nov 17 03:09 sample.ks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3419 Nov 17 03:09 sample_old.seed
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5879 Nov 17 03:09 sample.seed
[[email protected] kickstarts]
# pwd
/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts
#目录
[[email protected] kickstarts]
#
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11.查看profile
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[[email protected] kickstarts]
# cobbler profile list
CentOS-7.2-x86_64
[[email protected] kickstarts]
#
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12. 查看参数
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[[email protected] kickstarts]
# cobbler profile report
Name : CentOS-7.2-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files : {}
Comment :
DHCP Tag : default
Distribution : CentOS-7.2-x86_64
Enable gPXE? : 0
Enable PXE Menu? : 1
Fetchable Files : {}
Kernel Options : {}
Kernel Options (Post Install) : {}
Kickstart :
/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end
.ks
Kickstart Metadata : {}
Management Classes : []
Management Parameters : <<inherit>>
Name Servers : []
Name Servers Search Path : []
Owners : [
'admin'
]
Parent Profile :
Internal proxy :
Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>>
Repos : []
Server Override : <<inherit>>
Template Files : {}
Virt Auto Boot : 1
Virt Bridge : xenbr0
Virt CPUs : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type : raw
Virt File Size(GB) : 5
Virt Path :
Virt RAM (MB) : 512
Virt Type : kvm
[[email protected] kickstarts]
#
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13.修改内核参数
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[[email protected] kickstarts]
# cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-7.2-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7-x86_64.cfg
[[email protected] kickstarts]
# cobbler profile edit --name=CentOS-7.2-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'
[[email protected] kickstarts]
# cobbler profile report
Name : CentOS-7.2-x86_64
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TFTP Boot Files : {}
Comment :
DHCP Tag : default
Distribution : CentOS-7.2-x86_64
Enable gPXE? : 0
Enable PXE Menu? : 1
Fetchable Files : {}
Kernel Options : {
'biosdevname'
:
'0'
,
'net.ifnames'
:
'0'
}
Kernel Options (Post Install) : {}
Kickstart :
/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7-x86_64
.cfg
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Kickstart Metadata : {}
Management Classes : []
Management Parameters : <<inherit>>
Name Servers : []
Name Servers Search Path : []
Owners : [
'admin'
]
Parent Profile :
Internal proxy :
Red Hat Management Key : <<inherit>>
Red Hat Management Server : <<inherit>>
Repos : []
Server Override : <<inherit>>
Template Files : {}
Virt Auto Boot : 1
Virt Bridge : xenbr0
Virt CPUs : 1
Virt Disk Driver Type : raw
Virt File Size(GB) : 5
Virt Path :
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14 启动xinetd
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[[email protected] kickstarts]
# yum -y install xinetd
[[email protected] kickstarts]
# systemctl start xinetd
[[email protected] kickstarts]
# systemctl enable xinetd
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15.配置文件接着生成
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[[email protected] kickstarts]
# cobbler sync
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16.新建一台虚拟机（非克隆机） 关掉本地的dhcp服务
可以看出自动安装了
完毕安装
17.cobbler的web界面管理
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yum -y
install
cobbler-web
htdigest
/etc/cobbler/users
.digest
"Cobbler"
cobbler
#让输入密码 给cobbler密码
systemctl restart httpd
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18.对特定服务器的mac地址分配特定的IP
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[[email protected] kickstarts]
# cobbler system add --name=linux-node2 --mac=00:50:56:39:A9:37 --profile=CentOS-7.2-x86_64 --ip-address=192.168.56.112 --subnet=255.255.255.0 --gateway=192.168.56.2 --interface=eth0 --static=1 --hostname=linux-node2.com --name-servers="192.168.56.2" --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-7-x86_64.cfg
[[email protected] kickstarts]
# cobbler system list
linux-node2
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再次启动刚所对应mac的服务器
本文转自 小小三郎1 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/wsxxsl/1899308，如需转载请自行联系原作者