SpringMVC第一个示例
1、<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>FirstSpringMvc</display-name>
<!-- 配置Spring IoC配置文件路径 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 配置ContextLoaderListener用以初始化 Spring IoC 容器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置 DispatherServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 使 Dispatcher在服务器启动时候就初始化 -->
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- servlet 拦截配置 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
这里直接用web.xml配置spring MVC
2、applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd">
</beans>
第一个 示例不配置applicationContext.xml，所以为空。
3、dispatcher-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm.controller"></context:component-scan>
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/" p:suffix=".jsp" />
<!-- 注解事务需要开启的代码 <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="trasactionManager" -->
</beans>
上面的xsi:schemaLocation 都是手动的。。。。可能有多余，但不会少
4、Controller
package com.ssm.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;//Controller注解表示 这是一个控制器
@Controller("myController")
// RequestMapping 表明当请求的URI在/my下的时候才有控制器响应
@RequestMapping("/my")
public class MyController {// 表明请求的URI是/index的时候该方法才请求
@RequestMapping("/index")
public ModelAndView index() {
// 模型和视图
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
// 视图逻辑名称为index
mv.setViewName("index");
return mv;
}}
这是一个单独的controller。
5、jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
<!--
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
--></head>
<body>
<h1>Hello Web Spring MVC</h1> <br>
</body>
</html>
仅仅为了 显示hello web spring mvc 测试。
6、依赖用的pom.xml
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>FirstSpringMvc</groupId>
<artifactId>FirstSpringMvc</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>FirstSpringMvc</name>
<description></description>
<properties>
<webVersion>3.1</webVersion>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>5.0.8.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>5.0.7.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
7、执行结果
执行顺序：启动时候，就会解析MyController的注解，然后生成对应的URI和请求的映射关系，并注册对应的方法。请求到来时，首先根据URI找到对应的HandlerMapping，然后组织为一个执行链，通过请求类型找到RequestMappingHandlerAdapter，实例是在DispathcerServlet初始化的时候进行创建的。然后通过它去执行HandlerExecutionChain的内容，最终在MyController的方法中将index视图返回DispatcherServlet。由于配置视图解析器，最后会找到相应的jsp文件作为视图，响应最后的请求。