整数类型:TINYINT, SMALLINT, MEDIUMINT, INT ,BIGINTmysql
做用:存储年龄,等级,id,各类号码等。sql
======================================== tinyint[(m)] [unsigned] [zerofill] 小整数,数据类型用于保存一些范围的整数数值范围: 有符号: -128 ~ 127 无符号: 0 ~ 255 PS: MySQL中无布尔值,使用tinyint(1)构造。 ======================================== int[(m)][unsigned][zerofill] 整数,数据类型用于保存一些范围的整数数值范围: 有符号: -2147483648 ~ 2147483647 无符号: 0 ~ 4294967295 ======================================== bigint[(m)][unsigned][zerofill] 大整数,数据类型用于保存一些范围的整数数值范围: 有符号: -9223372036854775808 ~ 9223372036854775807 无符号: 0 ~ 18446744073709551615
验证:测试
=========有符号和无符号tinyint========== # tinyint默认为有符号 MariaDB [db1]> create table t1(x tinyint); # 默认为有符号,即数字前有正负号 MariaDB [db1]> desc t1; MariaDB [db1]> insert into t1 values -> (-129), -> (-128), -> (127), -> (128); MariaDB [db1]> select * from t1; +------+ | x | +------+ | -128 | #-129存成了-128 | -128 | #有符号,最小值为-128 | 127 | #有符号,最大值127 | 127 | #128存成了127 +------+ # 设置无符号tinyint MariaDB [db1]> create table t2(x tinyint unsigned); MariaDB [db1]> insert into t2 values -> (-1), -> (0), -> (255), -> (256); MariaDB [db1]> select * from t2; +------+ | x | +------+ | 0 | # -1存成了0 | 0 | # 无符号,最小值为0 | 255 | # 无符号,最大值为255 | 255 | # 256存成了255 +------+ ============有符号和无符号int============= # int默认为有符号 MariaDB [db1]> create table t3(x int); # 默认为有符号整数 MariaDB [db1]> insert into t3 values -> (-2147483649), -> (-2147483648), -> (2147483647), -> (2147483648); MariaDB [db1]> select * from t3; +-------------+ | x | +-------------+ | -2147483648 | # -2147483649存成了-2147483648 | -2147483648 | # 有符号,最小值为-2147483648 | 2147483647 | # 有符号,最大值为2147483647 | 2147483647 | # 2147483648存成了2147483647 +-------------+ # 设置无符号int MariaDB [db1]> create table t4(x int unsigned); MariaDB [db1]> insert into t4 values -> (-1), -> (0), -> (4294967295), -> (4294967296); MariaDB [db1]> select * from t4; +------------+ | x | +------------+ | 0 | # -1存成了0 | 0 | # 无符号,最小值为0 | 4294967295 | # 无符号,最大值为4294967295 | 4294967295 | # 4294967296存成了4294967295 +------------+ ==============有符号和无符号bigint============= MariaDB [db1]> create table t6(x bigint); MariaDB [db1]> insert into t5 values -> (-9223372036854775809), -> (-9223372036854775808), -> (9223372036854775807), -> (9223372036854775808); MariaDB [db1]> select * from t5; +----------------------+ | x | +----------------------+ | -9223372036854775808 | | -9223372036854775808 | | 9223372036854775807 | | 9223372036854775807 | +----------------------+ MariaDB [db1]> create table t6(x bigint unsigned); MariaDB [db1]> insert into t6 values -> (-1), -> (0), -> (18446744073709551615), -> (18446744073709551616); MariaDB [db1]> select * from t6; +----------------------+ | x | +----------------------+ | 0 | | 0 | | 18446744073709551615 | | 18446744073709551615 | +----------------------+ ======用zerofill测试整数类型的显示宽度============= MariaDB [db1]> create table t7(x int(3) zerofill); MariaDB [db1]> insert into t7 values -> (1), -> (11), -> (111), -> (1111); MariaDB [db1]> select * from t7; +------+ | x | +------+ | 001 | | 011 | | 111 | | 1111 | # 超过宽度限制仍然能够存 +------+
注:为该类型指定宽度时,仅仅只是指定查询结果的显示宽度,与存储范围无关。code
存储范围以下:blog
其实咱们彻底不必为整数类型指定显示宽度,使用默认的就能够了。默认的显示宽度,都是在最大值的基础上加1。ci
int的存储宽度是4个Bytes,即32个bit,即2**32字符串
无符号最大值为:4294967296-1it
有符号最大值:2147483648-1io
有符号和无符号的最大数字须要的显示宽度均为10,而针对有符号的最小值则须要11位才能显示彻底,因此int类型默认的显示宽度为11是很是合理的table
最后:整形类型,其实没有必要指定显示宽度,使用默认的就ok
定点数类型DEC
等同于DECIMAL
浮点类型:FLOAT, DOUBLE
做用:存储薪资、身高、体重、体质参数等。
====================================== #FLOAT[(M,D)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL] 定义: 单精度浮点数(非准确小数值),m是数字总个数,d是小数点后个数。m最大值为255,d最大值为30 有符号: -3.402823466E+38 to -1.175494351E-38, 1.175494351E-38 to 3.402823466E+38 无符号: 1.175494351E-38 to 3.402823466E+38 精确度: **** 随着小数的增多,精度变得不许确 **** ====================================== #DOUBLE[(M,D)] [UNSIGNED] [ZEROFILL] 定义: 双精度浮点数(非准确小数值),m是数字总个数,d是小数点后个数。m最大值为255,d最大值为30 有符号: -1.7976931348623157E+308 to -2.2250738585072014E-308 2.2250738585072014E-308 to 1.7976931348623157E+308 无符号: 2.2250738585072014E-308 to 1.7976931348623157E+308 精确度: ****随着小数的增多,精度比float要高,但也会变得不许确 **** ====================================== decimal[(m[,d])] [unsigned] [zerofill] 定义: 准确的小数值,m是数字总个数(负号不算),d是小数点后个数。 m最大值为65,d最大值为30。 精确度: **** 随着小数的增多,精度始终准确 **** 对于精确数值计算时须要用此类型 decaimal可以存储精确值的缘由在于其内部按照字符串存储。
验证:
mysql> create table t1(x float(256,31)); ERROR 1425 (42000): Too big scale 31 specified for column 'x'. Maximum is 30. mysql> create table t1(x float(256,30)); ERROR 1439 (42000): Display width out of range for column 'x' (max = 255) mysql> create table t1(x float(255,30)); #建表成功 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> create table t2(x double(255,30)); #建表成功 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> create table t3(x decimal(66,31)); ERROR 1425 (42000): Too big scale 31 specified for column 'x'. Maximum is 30. mysql> create table t3(x decimal(66,30)); ERROR 1426 (42000): Too-big precision 66 specified for 'x'. Maximum is 65. mysql> create table t3(x decimal(65,30)); #建表成功 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> show tables; +---------------+ | Tables_in_db1 | +---------------+ | t1 | | t2 | | t3 | +---------------+ rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into t1 values(1.1111111111111111111111111111111); #小数点后31个1 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> insert into t2 values(1.1111111111111111111111111111111); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into t3 values(1.1111111111111111111111111111111); Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec) mysql> select * from t1; #随着小数的增多,精度开始不许确 +----------------------------------+ | x | +----------------------------------+ | 1.111111164093017600000000000000 | +----------------------------------+ row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from t2; #精度比float要准确点,但随着小数的增多,一样变得不许确 +----------------------------------+ | x | +----------------------------------+ | 1.111111111111111200000000000000 | +----------------------------------+ row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from t3; #精度始终准确,d为30,因而只留了30位小数 +----------------------------------+ | x | +----------------------------------+ | 1.111111111111111111111111111111 | +----------------------------------+ row in set (0.00 sec)