Hadoop2.2.0单节点安装及测试

一:环境准备:基于Windows下的VMware Player4.0.3中的ubuntu12.04-64server. html

  1. 下载免费的VMware Player并安装好;
  2. 下载 免费的Ubuntu 12.04 server版并在VMware中安装好;

二:基础安装: java

  1. 执行以下命令升级部分软件和把ssh安装好:

  (1) sudo apt-get update; node

  (2) sudo apt-get upgrade; python

  (3) sudo apt-get install openssh-server; linux

  1. 有两种方法能够安装Oracle JDK(本文采用第一种)。

方法一:经过webupd8team自动安装,执行命令以下: web

(1)   sudo apt-get install python-software-properties apache

(2)   sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java ubuntu

(3)   sudo apt-get update oracle

(4)   sudo apt-get install oracle-java6-installer ssh

方法二:手动安装JDK1.6

(1)   下载jdk1.6http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk6u37-downloads-1859587.html,选择jdk-6u37-linux-x64.bin。

(2)   执行chmod +x jdk-6u37-linux-x64.bin增长可执行权限;

(3)   ./ jdk-6u37-linux-x64.bin直接解压便可,建议放在/opt目录下。

(4)   而后将解压后的bin目录加入到PATH环境变量中便可。

  1. 建立hadoop用户。

(1)   sudo addgroup hadoop

(2)   sudo adduser –ingroup hadoop hduser

  1. 创建SSH信任关系,登陆localhost就不须要密码

$ cd /home/hduser

$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -P ""    #直接回车

$cat .ssh/id_rsa.pub >>.ssh/authorized_keys

        注:可经过ssh localhost命令验证。

三:正式安装:

注:如下操做以hduser登陆进行操做。

  1. 下载hadoop2.2版本。地址:http://apache.dataguru.cn/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.2.0/hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz
  2.  执行tar zxf hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz解压至当前目录/home/hduser目录下。
  3. mv hadoop-2.2.0 hadoop

四:配置hadoop:

  1. 编辑/home/hduser/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh

替换exportJAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}为以下:

exportJAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-oracle

  1. 编辑/home/hduser/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml,在<configuration>中添加以下:

<property>

  <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>

 <value>/home/hduser/hadoop/tmp/hadoop-${user.name}</value>

 <description>A base for other temporarydirectories.</description>

</property>

<property>

 <name>fs.default.name</name>

 <value>hdfs://localhost:8010</value>

 <description>The name of the default file system.  A URI whose

 scheme and authority determine the FileSystem implementation.  The

 uri’s scheme determines the config property (fs.SCHEME.impl) naming

 the FileSystem implementation class. The uri’s authority is used to

 determine the host, port, etc. for a filesystem.</description>

</property>

备注:配置了/home/hduser/hadoop/tmp/这个目录,必须执行mkdir /home/hduser/hadoop/tmp/建立它,不然后面运行会报错。

  1. 编辑/home/hduser/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml:

(1)   mv /home/hduser/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml.template/home/hduser/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml

(2)   在<configuration>中添加以下:

<property>

 <name>mapred.job.tracker</name>

 <value>localhost:54311</value>

 <description>The host and port that the MapReduce job tracker runs

 at.  If "local", thenjobs are run in-process as a single map

 and reduce task.

  </description>

</property>

<property>

 <name>mapred.map.tasks</name>

 <value>10</value>

 <description>As a rule of thumb, use 10x the number of slaves(i.e., number of tasktrackers).

  </description>

</property>

<property>

 <name>mapred.reduce.tasks</name>

 <value>2</value>

 <description>As a rule of thumb, use 2x the number of slaveprocessors (i.e., number of tasktrackers).

  </description>

</property>

  1. 编辑/home/hduser/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml,在<configuration>中添加以下:

<property>

 <name>dfs.replication</name>

 <value>1</value>

 <description>Default block replication.

 The actual number of replications can be specified when the file iscreated.

 The default is used if replication is not specified in create time.

  </description>

</property>

五:运行Hadoop

在初次运行Hadoop的时候须要初始化Hadoop文件系统,命令以下:

$cd /home/hduser/hadoop/bin

$./hdfs namenode -format

若是执行成功,你会在日志中(倒数几行)找到以下成功的提示信息:

common.Storage: Storage directory/home/hduser/hadoop/tmp/hadoop-hduser/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.

运行命令以下:

$cd /home/hduser/hadoop/sbin/

$./start-dfs.sh

注:该过程须要屡次输入密码, 若是不想屡次输入密码,可先用ssh创建信任。

hduser@ubuntu :~/hadoop/sbin$ jps

4266 SecondaryNameNode

4116 DataNode

4002 NameNode

注:用jps查看启动了三个进程。

$./start-yarn.sh

hduser@ubuntu :~/hadoop/sbin$ jps

4688 NodeManager

4266 SecondaryNameNode

4116 DataNode

4002 NameNode

4413 ResourceManager

 

六:查看Hadoop资源管理器

http://192.168.128.129:8088/,将其中的192.168.128.129替换为你的实际IP地址。

 

七:测试Hadoop

cd /home/hduser

$wget http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/20417/pg20417.txt

$cd hadoop

$ bin/hdfs dfs -mkdir /tmp

$ bin/hdfs dfs -copyFromLocal /home/hduser/pg20417.txt /tmp

bin/hdfs dfs -ls /tmp

$bin/hadoop jar./share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.2.0.jar wordcount /tmp/ /tmp-output

若是一切正常的话,会输入相应的结果,能够从屏幕输出看到。

bin/hadoop fs -ls /tmp-output能够查看/tmp-output任务完成状况,会显示两个文件:

-rw-r--r--   1 hadoop supergroup          0 2013-10-28 23:09 /tmp-output/_SUCCESS
-rw-r--r--   1 hadoop supergroup     196192 2013-10-28 23:09 /tmp-output/part-r-00000


经过 bin/hadoop fs -cat /tmp-output/part-r-00000 查看结果

 

八:中止Hadoop

若中止hadoop,依次运行以下命令:

$./stop-yarn.sh

$./stop-dfs.sh

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