在微服务架构中,须要几个基础的服务治理组件,包括服务注册与发现、服务消费、负载均衡、断路器、智能路由、配置管理等,由这几个基础组件相互协做,共同组建了一个简单的微服务系统。一个简答的微服务系统以下图:html
注意:A服务和B服务是能够相互调用的,做图的时候忘记了。而且配置服务也是注册到服务注册中心的。java
在Spring Cloud微服务系统中,一种常见的负载均衡方式是,客户端的请求首先通过负载均衡(zuul、Ngnix),再到达服务网关(zuul集群),而后再到具体的服。,服务统一注册到高可用的服务注册中心集群,服务的全部的配置文件由配置服务管理(下一篇文章讲述),配置服务的配置文件放在git仓库,方便开发人员随时改配置。git
Zuul的主要功能是路由转发和过滤器。路由功能是微服务的一部分,好比/api/user转发到到user服务,/api/shop转发到到shop服务。zuul默认和Ribbon结合实现了负载均衡的功能。web
zuul有如下功能:spring
继续使用上一节的工程。在原有的工程上,建立一个新的工程。apache
其pom.xml文件以下:api
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<?xml version=
"1.0"
encoding=
"UTF-8"
?>
<project xmlns=
"http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation=
"http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
>
<modelVersion>
4.0
.
0
</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.forezp</groupId>
<artifactId>service-zuul</artifactId>
<version>
0.0
.
1
-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>service-zuul</name>
<description>Demo project
for
Spring Boot</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>
1.5
.
2
.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-
8
</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-
8
</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>
1.8
</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Dalston.RC1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>
import
</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https:
//repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>
false
</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
</project>
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在其入口applicaton类加上注解@EnableZuulProxy,开启zuul的功能:浏览器
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@EnableZuulProxy
@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication
public
class
ServiceZuulApplication {
public
static
void
main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ServiceZuulApplication.
class
, args);
}
}
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加上配置文件application.yml加上如下的配置代码:架构
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eureka:
client:
serviceUrl:
defaultZone: http:
//localhost:8761/eureka/
server:
port:
8769
spring:
application:
name: service-zuul
zuul:
routes:
api-a:
path: /api-a/**
serviceId: service-ribbon
api-b:
path: /api-b/**
serviceId: service-feign
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首先指定服务注册中心的地址为http://localhost:8761/eureka/,服务的端口为8769,服务名为service-zuul;以/api-a/ 开头的请求都转发给service-ribbon服务;以/api-b/开头的请求都转发给service-feign服务;app
依次运行这五个工程;打开浏览器访问:http://localhost:8769/api-a/hi?name=forezp ;浏览器显示:
1
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hi forezp,i am from port:
8762
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打开浏览器访问:http://localhost:8769/api-b/hi?name=forezp ;浏览器显示:
1
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hi forezp,i am from port:
8762
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这说明zuul起到了路由的做用
架构代码以下:
Spring Cloud大型企业分布式微服务云架构源码请加企鹅求求:一七九一七四三三八零