systemd 是 Linux 下的一款系统和服务管理器,兼容 SysV 和 LSB 的启动脚本。systemd 的特性有:支持并行化任务;同时采用 socket 式与 D-Bus 总线式激活服务;按需启动守护进程(daemon);利用 Linux 的 cgroups 监视进程;支持快照和系统恢复;维护挂载点和自动挂载点;各服务间基于依赖关系进行精密控制。nginx
任务socket |
旧指令ide |
新指令spa |
使某服务自动启动hibernate |
chkconfig --level 3 httpd onrest |
systemctl enable httpd.service进程 |
使某服务不自动启动ip |
chkconfig --level 3 httpd offci |
systemctl disable httpd.service |
检查服务状态 |
service httpd status |
systemctl status httpd.service (服务详细信息) systemctl is-enabled httpd.service (仅显示是否 Active) |
显示全部已启动的服务 |
chkconfig --list |
systemctl list -units --type=service |
启动某服务 |
service httpd start |
systemctl start httpd.service |
中止某服务 |
service httpd stop |
systemctl stop httpd.service |
重启某服务 |
service httpd restart |
systemctl restart httpd.service |
某服务从新加载配置文件 |
service httpd reload |
systemctl reload httpd.service |
# systemctl #输出已激活单元 # systemctl list-units #输出已激活单元 # systemctl --failed #输出运行失败的单元 # systemctl list-unit-files #查看全部已安装服务 # systemctl start nginx #启动nginx # systemctl stop nginx #中止nginx # systemctl restart nginx #重启nginx # systemctl reload nginx #从新加载nginx配置 # systemctl status nginx #输出nginx运行状态 # systemctl is-enabled nginx #检查nginx是否配置为自动启动 # systemctl enable nginx #开机自动启动nginx # systemctl disable nginx #取消开机自动启动nginx # systemctl help nginx #显示nginx的手册页 # systemctl daemon-reload #从新载入 systemd,扫描新的或有变更的单元 # systemctl reboot #重启 # systemctl poweroff #退出系统并中止电源 # systemctl suspend #待机 # systemctl hibernate #休眠 # systemctl hybrid-sleep #混合休眠模式(同时休眠到硬盘并待机 # systemctl isolate graphical.target #等价于telinit 3 或 telinit 5