记录springCloud搭建过程

时间  2019-12-06
标签 记录 springcloud 搭建 过程 繁體版
原文   原文链接

概述

为了更好的学习理解springCloud的搭建过程，在此单纯记录一下搭建过程便于理解以及往后回顾。css

项目架构

  • 一、统一依赖管理:Spring Cloud Finchley.RC1
  • 二、服务治理注册与发现：Spring Cloud Netflix Eureka
  • 三、声明式服务调用(服务消费者)：Spring Cloud OpenFeign
  • 四、服务容错保护限流降级(熔断器)：Spring Cloud Netflix Hystrix
  • 五、分布式链路追踪（链路器）：Spring Cloud Zipkin
  • 六、网关路由代理调用（统一网关）：Spring Cloud Gateway
  • 七、分布式统一配置中心（配置中心）：Spring Cloud Config
  • 八、服务监控：Spring Boot Amdin

一、Spring Cloud Finchley 建立统一依赖管理

Finchley ：统一版本管理套件方便对jar 的版本进行管理java

一、建立文件夹spring-cloud-dependencies

二、建立pom.xml内容以下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <name>spring-cloud-dependencies</name>
    <inceptionYear>2018-Now</inceptionYear>

    <properties>
        <!-- Environment Settings -->
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

        <!-- Spring Settings -->
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RC1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- Compiler 插件, 设定 JDK 版本 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <!-- 打包 jar 文件时，配置 manifest 文件，加入 lib 包的 jar 依赖 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <archive>
                        <addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <configuration>
                            <archive>
                                <manifest>
                                    <!-- Add directory entries -->
                                    <addDefaultImplementationEntries>true</addDefaultImplementationEntries>
                                    <addDefaultSpecificationEntries>true</addDefaultSpecificationEntries>
                                    <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                                </manifest>
                            </archive>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

            <!-- resource -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- install -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- clean -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- ant -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- dependency -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>

        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <!-- Java Document Generate -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <phase>prepare-package</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>jar</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                </plugin>

                <!-- YUI Compressor (CSS/JS压缩) -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>net.alchim31.maven</groupId>
                    <artifactId>yuicompressor-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>1.5.1</version>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <phase>prepare-package</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>compress</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                    <configuration>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                        <jswarn>false</jswarn>
                        <nosuffix>true</nosuffix>
                        <linebreakpos>30000</linebreakpos>
                        <force>true</force>
                        <includes>
                            <include>**/*.js</include>
                            <include>**/*.css</include>
                        </includes>
                        <excludes>
                            <exclude>**/*.min.js</exclude>
                            <exclude>**/*.min.css</exclude>
                        </excludes>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>

        <!-- 资源文件配置 -->
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <excludes>
                    <exclude>**/*.java</exclude>
                </excludes>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>aliyun-repos</id>
            <name>Aliyun Repository</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>

        <repository>
            <id>sonatype-repos</id>
            <name>Sonatype Repository</name>
            <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>sonatype-repos-s</id>
            <name>Sonatype Repository</name>
            <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>

        <repository>
            <id>spring-snapshots</id>
            <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>aliyun-repos</id>
            <name>Aliyun Repository</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>
</project>
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三、托管pom 下载maven

二、Spring Cloud Netflix Eureka 服务治理注册与发现

eureka:分布式架构中多服务之间接口互相调用，须要记录各个服务之间的ip端口等信息，使用eureka 后能够将ip端口等交由eureka托管，服务之间访问时只须要经过服务名称进行调用便可。react

一、建立服务注册中心

一、建立基础spring-boot项目

二、增长eureka依赖

<!-- Spring Cloud Eureka Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    <!-- Spring Cloud Eureka end -->
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三、继承pom至统一依赖管理

<parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>
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完整pom.xml文件以下git

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-eureka</artifactId>
    <name>spring-cloud-eureka</name>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>



    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.fjhckj.springcloudeureka.SpringCloudEurekaApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>
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三、在Application中增长注解@EnableEurekaServer

四、配置文件设置

#服务名称
spring:
  application:
    name: spring-cloud-eureka
#服务端口
server:
  port: 8081

#eureka.client.registerWithEureka:false
#eureka.client.fetchRegistry:false
#代表是eureka服务端
#eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone 网关注册地址
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false
    fetchRegistry: false
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

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五、启动eureka测试eureka网关是否能进入

三、声明式服务调用：Spring Cloud OpenFeign(服务消费者)

feign:各个服务之间的调用的封装，使调用其余服务的代码更加优雅。feign 集成了 中集成了ribbon 方式调用其余服务接口，还集成了 hystrix 熔断器 web

一、建立服务提供者

一、建立基础springboot项目
二、继承pom至统一依赖管理
三、增长eureka依赖
<!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
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四、完整pom以下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-service</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>spring-cloud-service</name>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.fjhckj.springcloudservice.SpringCloudServiceApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>
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五、设置配置文件
#spring.application.name 服务名称
spring:
  application:
    name: spring-cloud-service
#server.port 端口
server:
  port: 8082
# eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone eureka网关注册地址
eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka/

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六、增长eureka客户端注解

@EnableEurekaClient spring

七、建立restfull接口供消费者使用

八、启动提供者

九、经过eureka提供的服务地址访问接口

二、建立服务消费者经过feign方式调用提供者接口

一、建立基础spring-boot项目
二、继承pom至统一依赖管理
三、增长pom依赖内容以下
<!--feign Begin-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
     <!--feign End-->
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四、完整pom以下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-feign</artifactId>
    <name>spring-cloud-feign</name>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--feign Begin-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--feign End-->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.fjhckj.springcloudfeign.SpringCloudFeignApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>
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五、修改配置文件
spring:
  application:
    name: spring-cloud-feign

server:
  port: 8083

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka/

#解决使用feign访问服务提供者时找不到提供者的问题
ribbon:
  eureka:
    enabled: true
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六、增长注解@EnableEurekaClient eureka客户端注解、@EnableFeignClients feign注解

七、建立消费接口调用提供者接口
一、建立FeignSerivice接口

增长@FeignClient(value = "spring-cloud-service") 注解 value 为服务网关eureka网关注册的Application名称apache

增长抽象方法编程

String helloWorld(@RequestParam("message") String message);
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ps:注意增长@RequestParam不然参数会报错
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抽象方法上增长@RequestMapping(value = "spring-cloud-service/hello-world", method = RequestMethod.GET) 对应提供者的接口地址json

二、建立提供者rest接口调用service的方法

八、启动消费者测试接口状况

九、Feign 自动实现负载均衡测试
一、提供者中输出端口号
二、开启两个提供者提供服务 端口号分别为8082：8084

三、测试结果-1

四、测试结果-2

十、Feign 中集成了ribbon 顺道测试一下

ps:其中有坑在使用ribbon时注意服务名称是要与配置文件中的spring.application.name 一致 使用Feign时则可使用eureka 网关上的application 名称 数组

四、服务容错保护限流降级：Spring Cloud Netflix Hystrix（熔断器）

为了保证其高可用，单个服务一般会集群部署。因为网络缘由或者自身的缘由，服务并不能保证 100% 可用，。当对特定的服务的调用的不可用达到一个阀值时将触发熔断返回fallback的方法实现值。

一、feign 中使用熔断器

一、配置文件中开启hystrix
#开启feign 支持熔断器
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true
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二、建立FeignServiceImp 实现类 实现 FeignService 并交由spring托管

三、FeignService @FeignClient 注解 增长fallback = FeignServiceImp.class

四、测试熔断器
一、服务提供者状态正常下结果

二、关闭提供者后测试结果

五、断点后无心间看到熔断反射的堆栈信息顺道作个记录

二、熔断监控

一、feign 项目增长依赖
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix-dashboard</artifactId>
</dependency>
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二、开启注解支持@EnableHystrixDashboard

三、关闭spring-cloud-service 触发feign 熔断并进入HystrixDashboard监控页面查看结果

http://127.0.0.1:8083/hystrix

五、分布式链路追踪（链路器）：Spring Cloud Zipkin

随着服务的愈来愈多，对调用链的分析会愈来愈复杂服务的调用关系多是这样

为了更清晰的管理服务之间的调用关系使用链路追踪

一、建立基础boot

二、继承统一管理pom

三、增长zipkin依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
            <artifactId>zipkin-server</artifactId>
            <version>${zipkin.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
            <artifactId>zipkin-autoconfigure-ui</artifactId>
            <version>${zipkin.version}</version>
        </dependency>
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版本为2.12.0

完整pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-zipkin</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>spring-cloud-zipkin</name>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
            <artifactId>zipkin-server</artifactId>
            <version>${zipkin.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.zipkin.java</groupId>
            <artifactId>zipkin-autoconfigure-ui</artifactId>
            <version>${zipkin.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.fjhckj.springcloudzipkin.SpringCloudZipkinApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>
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四、修改配置文件

spring:
  application:
    name: spring-cloud-zipkin


server:
  port: 8084

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka/

management:
  metrics:
    web:
      server:
        auto-time-requests: false
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五、开启注解支持@EnableZipkinServer

六、除zipkin与统一管理 之外全部的模块须要被zipkin 监控

pom中增长

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
        </dependency>
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配置文件增长

spring:
  zipkin:
    base-url: http://localhost:8084
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七、测试zipkin 追踪服务链路

六、网关路由代理调用（统一网关）：Spring Cloud Gateway

因为服务过多对外暴露的接口可能也有不少，为了统一管控使用统一网关进行代理，这样只需向外暴露一个端口，根据不一样的服务名网关进行对应服务的调用。

一、gateway实现简单路由

一、建立spring-boot

二、继承统一管理pom

三、增长依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
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四、完整依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-gateway</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>spring-cloud-gateway</name>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.fjhckj.springcloudgateway.SpringCloudGatewayApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>
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五、修改配置文件

spring:
  application:
    #服务名称
    name: SPRING-CLOUD-GATEWAY
  zipkin:
    #zipkin服务地址
    base-url: http://localhost:8084
  cloud:
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          #开启支持eureka以服务名形式调用
          enabled: true
      routes:
          # 自定义服务名称:ps:特殊名称拥有特殊做用如after_route、before_route、between_route
        - id: SPRING-CLOUD-FEIGN
          #lb:以LoadBalancerClient形式调用请求 SPRING-CLOUD-FEIGN eureka上注册的服务名
          uri: lb://SPRING-CLOUD-FEIGN
          predicates:
            #匹配get post 请求
            - Method=GET,POST
        - id: SPRING-CLOUD-SERVICE
          uri: lb://SPRING-CLOUD-SERVICE
          predicates:
            - Method=GET,POST
server:
  port: 8085

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka/  # eureka 服务注册地址

![](https://user-gold-cdn.xitu.io/2019/5/18/16ac6e5dd1c1960d?w=1565&h=854&f=png&s=155703)

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六、启动gateway 网关由网关统一访问 feign 与 service 两个服务

一、网关访问feign 状况

二、网关访问service 状况

七、遇到的坑

一、gateway spring-boot-starter-webflux 与 spring-boot-starter-tomcat jar包冲突，删除下图jar包

ps:每次刷新都会出来这几个jar
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解决方案： Ctrl + shift + Alt + U 找到类依赖关系pom 中排除

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
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三、网关调用时要按照eureka上注册的名称而是不yml 中配置的名称为了统一将全部的yml 中配置的服务名称所有大写

二、gateway 实现简单全局过滤功能

package com.fjhckj.springcloudgateway.filter;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBuffer;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 自定义全局过滤器
 */
@Component
public class MyGlobalFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        //获取参数
        String token =  exchange.getRequest().getQueryParams().getFirst("token");
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(token)) {
            ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
            Map<String,Object> resuMap = new HashMap<>();
            resuMap.put("status", -1);
            resuMap.put("massage", "鉴权失败");
            //转化为json 并转为字节数组
            ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
            byte[] data = new byte[0];
            try {
                data = objectMapper.writeValueAsBytes(resuMap);
            } catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            // 输出错误信息到页面
            DataBuffer buffer = response.bufferFactory().wrap(data);
            response.setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
            response.getHeaders().add("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
            return response.writeWith(Mono.just(buffer));
        }
        return chain.filter(exchange);
    }

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        //filter执行的优先级,值越小则优先级越大
        return 0;
    }
}
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gateway 更多自定义过滤方式 gateway 更多自定义过滤方式

三、gateway 实现全局熔断

一、增长依赖
<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
    </dependency>
复制代码
二、完整配置文件
spring:
  application:
    #服务名称
    name: SPRING-CLOUD-GATEWAY
  zipkin:
    #zipkin服务地址
    base-url: http://localhost:8084
  cloud:
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          #开启支持eureka以服务名形式调用
          enabled: true
      routes:
          # 自定义服务名称:ps:特殊名称拥有特殊做用如after_route、before_route、between_route
        - id: SPRING-CLOUD-FEIGN
          #lb:以LoadBalancerClient形式调用请求 SPRING-CLOUD-FEIGN eureka上注册的服务名
          uri: lb://SPRING-CLOUD-FEIGN
          predicates:
            #匹配get post 请求
            - Method=GET,POST

        - id: SPRING-CLOUD-SERVICE
          uri: lb://SPRING-CLOUD-SERVICE
          predicates:
            - Method=GET,POST
      #全局熔断服务为响应或响应超时触发熔断
      default-filters:
        - name: Hystrix
          args:
            name: fallbackcmd
            fallbackUri: forward:/defaultfallback


# hystrix 信号量隔离，3秒后自动超时
hystrix:
  command:
    default:
      execution:
        isolation:
          strategy: SEMAPHORE
          thread:
            timeoutInMilliseconds: 3000
  shareSecurityContext: true



server:
  port: 8085

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka/  # eureka 服务注册地址

复制代码

主要增长

三、熔断回调接口
package com.fjhckj.springcloudgateway.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * 默认熔断处理
 */
@RestController
public class DefaultHystrixController {

    @RequestMapping("/defaultfallback")
    public Map<String,String> defaultfallback(){
        Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("resultCode","error");
        map.put("resultMessage","网络链接超时");
        map.put("resultObj","null");
        return map;
    }
}
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四、测试熔断

七、分布式统一配置中心（配置中心）：Spring Cloud Config

Spring Cloud Config：在分布式系统中，因为服务数量巨多，为了方便服务配置文件的统一管理，实时更新而产生的组件。

一、服务端

一、基础项目继承pom

二、pom 增长

<dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
复制代码

三、完整pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-config</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>spring-cloud-config</name>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>
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四、配置文件

spring:
  application:
    #服务名
    name: SPRING-CLOUD-CONFIG
  cloud:
    config:
      #仓库分支
      label: master
      server:
        git:
          # git 地址
          uri: xxx
          # 文件夹
          search-paths: xxx
          # git 帐户
          username: xxx
          # git 密码
          password: xxx
          # 云配置拉取的缓存路径
          basedir: xxx



server:
  port: 8888

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka/
复制代码

五、启动类增长注解@EnableConfigServer

六、测试文件访问

文件映射支持以下几种方式

http://ip:port/{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
http://ip:port/{application}-{profile}.yml
http://ip:port/{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
http://ip:port/{application}-{profile}.properties
http://ip:port/{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties
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二、客户端

一、增长pom

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
     </dependency>
    
复制代码

二、因为使用云配置因此配置文件修改以下

spring:
  cloud:
    config:
      uri: http://localhost:8888
      name: serviceApplication
      label: master
      profile: dev
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三、测试客户端获取云配置

仓库下拥有配置文件以下

两个文件serviceApplication-dev与serviceApplication-test端口分别为8082：9082

三、遇到的坑 yml 中定义的数组形式参数被转换为

spring.cloud.gateway.routes[0].id=SPRING-CLOUD-FEIGN 以后在客户端中获取改文件时报错

Could not locate PropertySource: Error while extracting response for type [class org.springframework.cloud.config.environment.Environment] and content type [application/xml;charset=UTF-8]; nested exception is org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotReadableException: JSON parse error: Unexpected character '[' (code 91) excepted space, or '>' or "/>"
 at [row,col {unknown-source}]: [1,593]; nested exception is com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonMappingException: Unexpected character '[' (code 91) excepted space, or '>' or "/>"
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解决方法未知

断点跟踪至

解析下一个属性名时抛出异常

八、服务监控：Spring Boot Amdin

随着服务愈来愈多对于各个微服务系统的健康状态、会话数量、并发数、服务资源、延迟等度量信息的收集就成为了一个挑战，spring boot admin 为此而生。

一、服务端

一、基础项目继承pom

二、增长pom

${spring-cloud-admin.version} 为 2.0.0

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.jolokia</groupId>
            <artifactId>jolokia-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-server</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-cloud-admin.version}</version>
    </dependency>
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三、完整pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.fjhckj</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>spring-cloud-admin</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>spring-cloud-admin</name>


    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jolokia</groupId>
            <artifactId>jolokia-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-server</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-cloud-admin.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zipkin</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>
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四、配置文件

spring:
  application:
    name: SPRING-CLOUD-ADMIN
  zipkin:
    base-url: http://localhost:8084

server:
  port: 8087

management:
  endpoint:
    health:
      show-details: always
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: health,info

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8081/eureka/
复制代码

二、客户端

一、增长pom

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.jolokia</groupId>
            <artifactId>jolokia-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>de.codecentric</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-admin-starter-client</artifactId>
            <version>${spring-cloud-admin.version}</version>
    </dependency>
复制代码

二、增长配置文件

spring:
    boot:
        admin:
          client:
            # spring-clouda-dmin 监控地址
            url: http://localhost:8087
复制代码

三、开启全部服务测试监控效果

除admin 自己外全部服务均上线

本篇完结

一、该篇总结

整套系统的搭建大概耗时一周，固然只有晚上几个小时的时间，基本上搭建的时间都在集成gateway 网关上与config 配置中心上了，学习过程当中又出现不少新名例如 ：响应式编程、netty 等，越学感受不会的越多.... 搭建过程当中也遇到各类奇葩问题什么大小写名称啦，特殊字符啦七七八八的，不过好在系统最终仍是搭起来了....

二、参考了太多的博客这边就不列了偷个懒

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