---本人是一名小白,最近在做学校有关通信的项目。在写这份代码之前,查看了许多参考代码。如果我有说的不对的地方,还请大家指出来。
工具:串口助手、串口调试助手、编译器(我用的vs2017)//完整代码和调试助手 在文末有链接
一、效果图
首先给大家放一张效果图。
二、步骤
(1)首先,肯定就是先将各个部件拖入form里,然后布局了。
在这里请注意:
在选择完参数之后,点击检查串口,如没问题,则会显示,串口检查成功
这时,点击打开串口,会提示打开串口成功。
让我们再看看串口助手
打开串口调试助手,将参数调成一致之后。在form里发送一段16进制。调试助手将接受到
最后用调试助手,发送一段16进制数。form将接受到信息。
(2)代码及其主要函数。
CheckPort():检查串口是否可用。里面的主要方法是GetPortNames(获取当前计算机的串行端口名称数组)
private void CheckPort()//检查串口是否可用 { ckCheckBox.Items.Clear();//清除控件中的当前值 bool havePort = false; string[] a = SerialPort.GetPortNames(); if (a != null) { for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++) { bool use = false; try { SerialPort t = new SerialPort(a[i]); sp.Open(); sp.Close(); use = true; } catch { } if (use) { ckCheckBox.Items.Add(a[i]); havePort = true; } } } if (havePort) { ckCheckBox.SelectedIndex = 0;//?? } else { MessageBox.Show("无可用串口...", "错误"); } }
setPort()://设置串口
通过下拉框获取此串口的PortName(串口号)、BaudRate(波特率)、Parity(校验位)、StopBits(停止位)
DataReceived()//接受数据
通过异步委托一个线程,读出缓冲区串口通信的字节,然后将其写入此前定义的SerialPort中。最后写入text中
ASCIIToHex()//字符转16进制
HexToASCII()//十六进制转字符;
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话不多说,直接上源代码
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.IO.Ports; using System.Threading;//线程申明 namespace ck3 { public partial class Form1 : Form { private void CheckPort()//检查串口是否可用 { ckCheckBox.Items.Clear();//清除控件中的当前值 bool havePort = false; string[] a = SerialPort.GetPortNames(); if (a != null) { for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++) { bool use = false; try { SerialPort t = new SerialPort(a[i]); sp.Open(); sp.Close(); use = true; } catch { } if (use) { ckCheckBox.Items.Add(a[i]); havePort = true; } } } if (havePort) { ckCheckBox.SelectedIndex = 0;//?? } else { MessageBox.Show("无可用串口...", "错误"); } } private void SetPort()//设置串口 { try { sp.PortName = ckCheckBox.Text.Trim();//串口名给了串口类 sp.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(SendBox.Text.Trim());//Trim除去前后空格,讲文本转换为32位字符给予串口类 if (JywCheckBox.Text.Trim() == "奇校验") { sp.Parity = Parity.Odd;//将奇校验位给了sp的协议 } else if (JywCheckBox.Text.Trim() == "偶校验") { sp.Parity = Parity.Even; } else { sp.Parity = Parity.None; } if (StopCheckBox.Text.Trim() == "1.5") { sp.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;//设置停止位有几位 } else if (StopCheckBox.Text.Trim() == "2") { sp.StopBits = StopBits.Two; } else { sp.StopBits = StopBits.One; } sp.DataBits = Convert.ToInt16(DataBox.Text.ToString().Trim());//数据位 sp.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8;//串口通信的编码格式 sp.Open(); } catch { } } private string HexToASCII(string str) { try { string[] mystr1 = str.Trim().Split(' '); byte[] t = new byte[mystr1.Length]; for (int i = 0; i < t.Length; i++) { t[i] = Convert.ToByte(mystr1[i], 16); } return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(t); } catch (Exception ex) { rbtReceicedAscii.Select(); MessageBox.Show("转换失败!" + ex.Message, "错误提示"); return str; } } private string ASCIIToHex(string my2) { try { byte[] a = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(my2.Trim()); string mystr1 = ""; for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++) { mystr1 += a[i].ToString("X2") + " "; } return mystr1; } catch (Exception ex) { rbtReceicedAscii.Select(); MessageBox.Show("转换失败!" + ex.Message, "错误提示"); return my2; } } private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { statusText.Text = "";//状态条初始化 //设置窗口大小 this.MaximizeBox = false;//隐藏最大化按钮 this.MaximumSize = this.Size;//固定窗口尺寸最大为当前尺寸 this.MinimumSize = this.Size;//固定窗口尺寸最小为当前尺寸 BtlCheckBox.SelectedIndex = 5; // JywCheckBox.Items.Clear(); JywCheckBox.SelectedIndex = 1; StopCheckBox.SelectedIndex = 1; // DataBox.Items.Clear(); DataBox.SelectedIndex = 1; statusText.Text = ""; rbtSendAscii.Select();//默认选择ASCII字符显示 rbtReceicedAscii.Select();//默认选择ASCII字符显示 } private void btnChecked_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { statusText.Text = "检测串口开始!"; CheckPort(); statusText.Text = "串口检测完成!"; } private void sp_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e) { Thread.Sleep(100);//等待 this.Invoke((EventHandler)(delegate //异步委托一个线程 { try { byte[] a = new byte[sp.BytesToRead];//读出缓冲区串口通信的字节 sp.Read(a, 0, a.Length);//写入sp string my2 = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(a); string b = ""; if (rbtSendAscii.Checked) { b = ASCIIToHex(my2); } else { b = my2; } RecevieBox.Text += b + "\r\n"; statusText.Text = "接收成功!"; } catch { statusText.Text = "接收失败!"; } })); } public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } //发送按钮 private void button1_Click_1(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { string mystr1 = SendBox.Text; if (SixtyRe.Checked) { mystr1 = HexToASCII(SendBox.Text); } byte[] a = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(mystr1); string mystr2 = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(a); sp.Write(mystr2);//将数据写入串行端口输出缓冲区 // tbxReceivedData.Text += tbxSendData.Text + "\r\n"; statusText.Text = "发送成功!"; } catch { statusText.Text = "发送失败"; } } private void button1_Click_2(object sender, EventArgs e) { RecevieBox.Text = " "; SendBox.Text = " "; } private void BtnOpen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (BtnOpen.Text == "打开串口") { SetPort(); if (sp.IsOpen) { statusText.Text = "串口" + ckCheckBox.Text + "已打开!"; } else { try { sp.Open(); btnChecked.Enabled = false; ckCheckBox.Enabled = false; BtlCheckBox.Enabled = false; JywCheckBox.Enabled = false; StopCheckBox.Enabled = false; DataBox.Enabled = false; BtnOpen.Text = "关闭串口"; statusText.Text = "串口" + ckCheckBox.Text + "打开成功!"; } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show("串口" + ckCheckBox.Text + "打开失败,失败原因:" + ex.Message, "错误提示"); statusText.Text = "串口" + ckCheckBox.Text + "打开失败,失败原因:" + ex.Message; } } } else //关闭串口 { if (sp.IsOpen) //判断串口是否打开 { try { sp.Close(); //关闭串口 //启用设置控件 btnChecked.Enabled = true; ckCheckBox.Enabled = true; BtlCheckBox.Enabled = true; JywCheckBox.Enabled = true; StopCheckBox.Enabled = true; DataBox.Enabled = true; BtnOpen.Text = "打开串口"; statusText.Text = "串口" + ckCheckBox.Text + "关闭成功!"; } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show("串口" + ckCheckBox.Text + "关闭失败,错误提示:" + ex.Message, "错误提示"); statusText.Text = "串口" + ckCheckBox.Text + "关闭失败,错误提示:" + ex.Message; } } else { btnChecked.Enabled = true; ckCheckBox.Enabled = true; BtlCheckBox.Enabled = true; JywCheckBox.Enabled = true; StopCheckBox.Enabled = true; DataBox.Enabled = true; BtnOpen.Text = "打开串口"; statusText.Text = "串口未打开,无法关闭!"; MessageBox.Show("串口未打开,无法关闭!", "错误提示"); } } } private void SixtySend_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (SixtyRe.Checked) { SendBox.Text = ASCIIToHex(SendBox.Text.ToString()); } } } }
最后附上 我的代码资源。如果链接打不开请大家去我的主页查看
完整代码:https://download.csdn.net/download/qq_41406816/10776168
串口调试助手:https://download.csdn.net/download/qq_41406816/10776285