一、新建shell脚本
vim /shell_jiaoben/mysqlBackup.sh
#!/bin/bash
# 如下配置信息请本身修改
mysql_user="root" #MySQL备份用户
mysql_password="123456" #MySQL备份用户的密码
mysql_host="192.168.163.12"
mysql_port="3306"
mysql_charset="utf8" #MySQL编码
backup_db_arr=("test") #要备份的数据库名称，多个用空格分开隔开 如("db1" "db2" "db3")
backup_location=/opt/data/mysql #备份数据存放位置，末尾请不要带"/",此项能够保持默认，程序会自动建立文件夹
expire_backup_delete="ON" #是否开启过时备份删除 ON为开启 OFF为关闭
expire_days=3 #过时时间天数 默认为三天，此项只有在expire_backup_delete开启时有效
# 本行开始如下不须要修改
backup_time=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M` #定义备份详细时间
backup_Ymd=`date +%Y-%m-%d` #定义备份目录中的年月日时间
backup_3ago=`date -d '3 days ago' +%Y-%m-%d` #3天以前的日期
backup_dir=$backup_location/$backup_Ymd #备份文件夹全路径
welcome_msg="Welcome to use MySQL backup tools!" #欢迎语
# 判断MYSQL是否启动,mysql没有启动则备份退出
mysql_ps=`ps -ef |grep mysql |wc -l`
mysql_listen=`netstat -an |grep LISTEN |grep $mysql_port|wc -l`
if [ [$mysql_ps == 1] -o [$mysql_listen == 0] ]; then
echo "ERROR:MySQL is not running! backup stop!"
exit
else
echo $welcome_msg
fi
# 链接到mysql数据库，没法链接则备份退出
/opt/mysql/bin/mysql -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password <<end
use mysql;
select host,user from user where user='root' and host='localhost';
exit
end
flag=`echo $?`
if [ $flag != "0" ]; then
echo "ERROR:Can't connect mysql server! backup stop!"
exit
else
echo "MySQL connect ok! Please wait......"
# 判断有没有定义备份的数据库，若是定义则开始备份，不然退出备份
if [ "$backup_db_arr" != "" ];then
#dbnames=$(cut -d ',' -f1-5 $backup_database)
#echo "arr is (${backup_db_arr[@]})"
for dbname in ${backup_db_arr[@]}
do
echo "database $dbname backup start..."
`mkdir -p $backup_dir`
`/opt/mysql/bin/mysqldump -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password $dbname --default-character-set=$mysql_charset --master-data=1 | gzip > $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz`
flag=`echo $?`
if [ $flag == "0" ];then
echo "database $dbname success backup to $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz"
else
echo "database $dbname backup fail!"
fi
done
else
echo "ERROR:No database to backup! backup stop"
exit
fi
# 若是开启了删除过时备份，则进行删除操做
if [ "$expire_backup_delete" == "ON" -a "$backup_location" != "" ];then
#`find $backup_location/ -type d -o -type f -ctime +$expire_days -exec rm -rf {} \;`
`find $backup_location/ -type d -mtime +$expire_days | xargs rm -rf`
echo "Expired backup data delete complete!"
fi
echo "All database backup success! Thank you!"
exit
fi
二、修改shell脚本属性，赋予执行权限
chmod 600 /shell_jiaoben/mysqlBackup.sh chmod +x /shell_jiaoben/mysqlBackup.sh
三、定时执行脚本
#######2019-04-11 数据库备份############# 5 0 * * * /shell_jiaoben/mysqlBackup.sh
四、MySQL恢复
mysql -uroot -p databse < backup.sql
在脚本中加了参数mysqldump --master-data=2 --single-transaction mysql
mysql数据库中-e是什么意思？-e参数使用详解
能够用shell脚本操做mysql数据库，使用mysql的-e参数能够执行各类sql的(建立，删除，增，删，改、查)等各类操做 。linux
用法sql
mysql -hhostname -Pport -uusername -ppassword -e 相关mysql的sql语句，不用在mysql的提示符下运行mysql，便可以在shell中操做mysql的方法。shell
#!/bin/bash
HOSTNAME="192.168.111.84" #数据库信息
PORT="3306"
USERNAME="root"
PASSWORD=""
DBNAME="test_db_test" #数据库名称
TABLENAME="test_table_test" #数据库中表的名称
#建立数据库
create_db_sql="create database IF NOT EXISTS ${DBNAME}"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} -e"${create_db_sql}"
#建立表
create_table_sql="create table IF NOT EXISTS ${TABLENAME} ( name varchar(20), id int(11) default 0 )"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} ${DBNAME} -e"${create_table_sql}"
#插入数据
insert_sql="insert into ${TABLENAME} values('billchen',2)"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} ${DBNAME} -e"${insert_sql}"
#查询
select_sql="select * from ${TABLENAME}"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} ${DBNAME} -e"${select_sql}"
#更新数据
update_sql="update ${TABLENAME} set id=3"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} ${DBNAME} -e"${update_sql}"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} ${DBNAME} -e"${select_sql}"
#删除数据
delete_sql="delete from ${TABLENAME}"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} ${DBNAME} -e"${delete_sql}"
mysql -h${HOSTNAME} -P${PORT} -u${USERNAME} -p${PASSWORD} ${DBNAME} -e"${select_sql}"
mysql -e中 v的做用数据库
用 mysql -e 生成结果导入指定文件时：vim
● 若要同时显示语句自己：-vbash
● 若要增长查询结果行数：-vvoracle
● 若要增长执行时间：-vvv测试
在一些监控脚本中能够用来简化代码编码
㈠ 不带 v 测试： [mysql@even ~]$ mysql -uroot -poracle -e "SELECT VERSION();SELECT NOW()" > /home/mysql/test.sql [mysql@even ~]$ cat /home/mysql/test.sql VERSION() 5.5.16-log NOW() 2013-05-08 18:06:35 ㈡ 带一个 v 测试： [mysql@even ~]$ mysql -uroot -poracle -e "SELECT VERSION();SELECT NOW()" -v > /home/mysql/test02.sql [mysql@even ~]$ cat /home/mysql/test02.sql -------------- SELECT VERSION() -------------- VERSION() 5.5.16-log -------------- SELECT NOW() -------------- NOW() 2013-05-08 18:08:40 ㈢ 带两个 v 测试： [mysql@even ~]$ mysql -uroot -poracle -e "SELECT VERSION();SELECT NOW()" -vv > /home/mysql/test03.sql [mysql@even ~]$ cat /home/mysql/test03.sql -------------- SELECT VERSION() -------------- VERSION() 5.5.16-log 1 row in set -------------- SELECT NOW() -------------- NOW() 2013-05-08 18:14:05 1 row in set Bye ㈢ 带三个 v 测试： [mysql@even ~]$ mysql -uroot -poracle -e "SELECT VERSION();SELECT NOW()" -vvv > /home/mysql/test04.sql [mysql@even ~]$ cat /home/mysql/test04.sql -------------- SELECT VERSION() -------------- +------------+ | VERSION() | +------------+ | 5.5.16-log | +------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) -------------- SELECT NOW() -------------- +---------------------+ | NOW() | +---------------------+ | 2013-05-08 18:14:49 | +---------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) Bye
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