MySQL自动备份shell脚本

在数据库的平常维护工做中，除了保证业务的正常运行之外，就是要对数据库进行备份，以避免形成数据库的丢失，从而给企业带来重大经济损失。一般备份能够按照备份时数据库状态分为热备和冷备，按照备份数据库文件的大小分为增量备份、差别备份和全量备份.一种全量备份的方法，来实现定时备份数据到mysql脚本文件，而且支持过时删除。

 

一、新建shell脚本

vi /opt/mysqlBackup.sh

#!/bin/bash
 
# 如下配置信息请本身修改
mysql_user="USER" #MySQL备份用户
mysql_password="PASSWORD" #MySQL备份用户的密码
mysql_host="localhost"
mysql_port="3306"
mysql_charset="utf8" #MySQL编码
backup_db_arr=("db1" "db2") #要备份的数据库名称，多个用空格分开隔开 如("db1" "db2" "db3")
backup_location=/opt/mysql #备份数据存放位置，末尾请不要带"/",此项能够保持默认，程序会自动建立文件夹
expire_backup_delete="ON" #是否开启过时备份删除 ON为开启 OFF为关闭
expire_days=3 #过时时间天数 默认为三天，此项只有在expire_backup_delete开启时有效
 
# 本行开始如下不须要修改
backup_time=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M` #定义备份详细时间
backup_Ymd=`date +%Y-%m-%d` #定义备份目录中的年月日时间
backup_3ago=`date -d '3 days ago' +%Y-%m-%d` #3天以前的日期
backup_dir=$backup_location/$backup_Ymd #备份文件夹全路径
welcome_msg="Welcome to use MySQL backup tools!" #欢迎语
 
# 判断MYSQL是否启动,mysql没有启动则备份退出
mysql_ps=`ps -ef |grep mysql |wc -l`
mysql_listen=`netstat -an |grep LISTEN |grep $mysql_port|wc -l`
if [ [$mysql_ps == 0] -o [$mysql_listen == 0] ]; then
echo "ERROR:MySQL is not running! backup stop!"
exit
else
echo $welcome_msg
fi
 
# 链接到mysql数据库，没法链接则备份退出
mysql -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password <<end
use mysql;
select host,user from user where user='root' and host='localhost';
exit
end
 
flag=`echo $?`
if [ $flag != "0" ]; then
echo "ERROR:Can't connect mysql server! backup stop!"
exit
else
echo "MySQL connect ok! Please wait......"
# 判断有没有定义备份的数据库，若是定义则开始备份，不然退出备份
if [ "$backup_db_arr" != "" ];then
#dbnames=$(cut -d ',' -f1-5 $backup_database)
#echo "arr is (${backup_db_arr[@]})"
for dbname in ${backup_db_arr[@]}
do
echo "database $dbname backup start..."
`mkdir -p $backup_dir`
`mysqldump -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password $dbname --default-character-set=$mysql_charset | gzip > $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz`
flag=`echo $?`
if [ $flag == "0" ];then
echo "database $dbname success backup to $backup_dir/$dbname-$backup_time.sql.gz"
else
echo "database $dbname backup fail!"
fi
 
done
else
echo "ERROR:No database to backup! backup stop"
exit
fi
# 若是开启了删除过时备份，则进行删除操做
if [ "$expire_backup_delete" == "ON" -a "$backup_location" != "" ];then
#`find $backup_location/ -type d -o -type f -ctime +$expire_days -exec rm -rf {} \;`
`find $backup_location/ -type d -mtime +$expire_days | xargs rm -rf`
echo "Expired backup data delete complete!"
fi
echo "All database backup success! Thank you!"
exit
fi

 

二、修改shell脚本属性，赋予执行权限

chmod  600 /opt/mysqlBackup.sh

chmod + x /opt/mysqlBackup.sh

三、定时执行脚本

vi /etc/crontab

添加

00 03 * * * /root/mysqlBackup.sh

分 时

 

vi /var/spool/mail/root 可查看脚本执行日志

四、MySQL恢复

mysql -u username -p databse < backup.sql

               用户名           数据库名    备份sql