编译自:http://bigocheatsheet.com/做者: Eric
原创:LCTT https://linux.cn/article-7480-1.html译者: wxy
本文地址:https://linux.cn/article-7480-1.htmlhtml
这篇文章覆盖了计算机科学里面常见算法的时间和空间的大 OBig-O 复杂度。我以前在参加面试前,常常须要花费不少时间从互联网上查找各类搜索和排序算法的优劣,以便我在面试时不会被问住。最近这几年,我面试了几家硅谷的初创企业和一些更大一些的公司,如 Yahoo、eBay、LinkedIn 和 Google,每次我都须要准备这个,我就在问本身,“为何没有人建立一个漂亮的大 O 速查表呢?”因此,为了节省你们的时间,我就建立了这个,但愿你喜欢!linux
--- Eric git
绝佳 | 不错 | 通常 | 不佳 | 糟糕 |
数据结构 | 时间复杂度 | 空间复杂度 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
平均 | 最差 | 最差 | |||||||
访问 | 搜索 | 插入 | 删除 | 访问 | 搜索 | 插入 | 删除 | ||
Array | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) |
Stack | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) |
Singly-Linked List | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) |
Doubly-Linked List | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) |
Skip List | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n log(n)) |
Hash Table | - | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | - | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) |
Binary Search Tree | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) |
Cartesian Tree | - | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | - | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) | O(n) |
B-Tree | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(n) |
Red-Black Tree | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(n) |
Splay Tree | - | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | - | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(n) |
AVL Tree | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(n) |
算法 | 时间复杂度 | 空间复杂度 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
最佳 | 平均 | 最差 | 最差 | |
Quicksort | O(n log(n)) | O(n log(n)) | O(n^2) | O(log(n)) |
Mergesort | O(n log(n)) | O(n log(n)) | O(n log(n)) | O(n) |
Timsort | O(n) | O(n log(n)) | O(n log(n)) | O(n) |
Heapsort | O(n log(n)) | O(n log(n)) | O(n log(n)) | O(1) |
Bubble Sort | O(n) | O(n^2) | O(n^2) | O(1) |
Insertion Sort | O(n) | O(n^2) | O(n^2) | O(1) |
Selection Sort | O(n^2) | O(n^2) | O(n^2) | O(1) |
Shell Sort | O(n) | O((nlog(n))^2) | O((nlog(n))^2) | O(1) |
Bucket Sort | O(n+k) | O(n+k) | O(n^2) | O(n) |
Radix Sort | O(nk) | O(nk) | O(nk) | O(n+k) |
节点 / 边界管理 | 存储 | 增长顶点 | 增长边界 | 移除顶点 | 移除边界 | 查询 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adjacency list | O(|V|+|E|) | O(1) | O(1) | O(|V| + |E|) | O(|E|) | O(|V|) |
Incidence list | O(|V|+|E|) | O(1) | O(1) | O(|E|) | O(|E|) | O(|E|) |
Adjacency matrix | O(|V|^2) | O(|V|^2) | O(1) | O(|V|^2) | O(1) | O(1) |
Incidence matrix | O(|V| ⋅ |E|) | O(|V| ⋅ |E|) | O(|V| ⋅ |E|) | O(|V| ⋅ |E|) | O(|V| ⋅ |E|) | O(|E|) |
类型 | 时间复杂度 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Heapify | 查找最大值 | 分离最大值 | 提高键 | 插入 | 删除 | 合并 | |
Linked List (sorted) | - | O(1) | O(1) | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(m+n) |
Linked List (unsorted) | - | O(n) | O(n) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) | O(1) |
Binary Heap | O(n) | O(1) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(m+n) |
Binomial Heap | - | O(1) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) | O(1) | O(log(n)) | O(log(n)) |
Fibonacci Heap | - | O(1) | O(log(n)) | O(1) | O(1) | O(log(n)) | O(1) |
Big O Complexity Graphgithub