void myprint(int a) { cout << "此时在子线程中" << endl; cout << "a = " << a << endl; } int main(int argc, char** argv) { int a = 1; thread myjob(myprint, a); cout << "此时在主线程中" << endl; return 0; }
使用detach()时会有这么一个问题:由于子线程与主线程分离了,若是子线程的可调用对象使用了main()里的变量且主线程又先结束了,则会在子线程中就使用了根本不存在的东西,就会产生不可预测现象,尤为是当可调用对象的参数为引用或指针类型函数
参数中有类的对象时,若是想经过隐式转换传入类对象极可能会出现错误,最好老老实实传入类对象或构造好类对象传入代码中的std::this_thread::get_id()
能够得到线程IDthis
class A { public: A(int i):myi(i) { cout << "构造函数" << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl; } A(const A& a):myi(a.myi) { cout << "拷贝构造函数" << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl; } void operator()() { cout << "此时在子线程中" << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl; } ~A() { cout << "析构函数" << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl; } private: int myi; }; void myprint(const int& a, const A& b) { cout << "此时在子线程中" << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl; } int main(int argc, char** argv) { int a = 1; int& b = a; A c(a); thread myjob(myprint, a, c); //thread myjob(myprint, a, A(a));构造好类的临时对象传入 //thread myjob(myprint, a, a);千万不要有这种操做,碰上detach就完了,在打印出来的线程id中能够看到将a转换为类的对象是在子线程中完成的,若是用了detach且主线程又先结束了,那就会使用一个不存在的变量 myjob.join(); cout << "此时在主线程中" << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl; return 0;
const
)thread
仍是会用值传递的方式传入可调用对象,好比上面的那个类,因此当在子线程中修改变量时主线程不会同步修改,此时加个std::ref()
能够解决,他就能够真正的按引用传递的方式class A { public: ... void change() const { myi = 199; } private: mutable int myi; }; void myprint(const int& a, const A& b) { b.change(); cout << "此时在子线程中" << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl; } int main(int argc, char** argv) { int a = 1; int& b = a; A c(a); thread myjob(myprint, a, std::ref(c)); myjob.join(); cout << "此时在主线程中" << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl; return 0;
unique_ptr
类型智能指针传递需使用std::move()
void myprint(unique_ptr<int> a) { cout << *a << endl; cout << "此时在子线程中" << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl; } int main(int argc, char** argv) { unique_ptr<int> d(new int(100)); thread myjob(myprint, std::move(d));
void change(int ab) { cout << ab << "此时在子线程中" << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl; } int a = 1; int& b = a; A c(a); thread myjob(&A::change, c, 100);
void operator()(int ab) { cout << ab << "此时在子线程中" << endl; } A a; thread myjob(a, 100);