一、Vue.js中的元素动画或页面跳转动画有多种实现方式好比:css
一、本身手动写CSS3动画来实现 二、使用第三方CSS动画库如:Animate.css 三、在构子函数中操做DOM 四、使用第三方Js动画库如:Velocity.js
二、Vue.js官方提供了默认的动画组件 transition ,例子:数组
<div id="demo"> <button @click='show=!show'>切换</button> <transition name='fade'> //将须要执行动画的元素包裹在transition标签中,并制定动画名称 <p v-if='show'>Hello</p> </transition> </div> new Vue({ el:'demo', data:{ show:true } }) .fade-enter-active,.fade-leave-active{ transition:opacity .5s } .fade-enter,.fade-leave-to{ opacity:0 } transition执行:目标元素是否应用CSS过渡或动画(增删类名)-->调用构子函数
三、transition过渡的类名app
状态A-->状态B v-enter:元素初始状态 v-enter-to:动画结束后状态 v-enter-active:动画过渡过程,用来定义动画时间、延迟、曲线函数 状态B-->状态A v-leave:返回动画执行前状态 v-leave-to:返回动画执行后状态 v-leave-active:返回动画过渡过程,用来定义动画时间、延迟、曲线函数 见官网图以下:( V 表明动画的类名)
四、使用CSS动画dom
<div id='demo'> <button @click='show=!show'>切换</button> <transition name='bounce'> <p v-show='show'>Hello</p> </transition> </div> new Vue({ el:'#demo', data:{ show:true } }) .bounce-enter-active{ animation:bounce-in .5s; } .bounce-leave-active{ animation:bounce-in .5s reverse; } @keyframes bounce{ 0%{ transform:scale(0) } 50%{ transform:scale(1.5) } 100%{ transform:scale(1) } }
五、使用第三方CSS动画库 Animate.css函数
经过如下特性自定义过渡类名(可结合第三方CSS库): enter-class enter-to-class enter-active-class leave-active leave-to-class leave-active-class <div id='demo'> <button @click='show=!show'>切换</button> <transition name='custom-classes-trandition' enter-active-class='animated tada' leave-active-class='animated bounceOutRight'> <p>Hello</p> </transition> </div> new Vue({ el:'demo', data:{ show:true } })
六、动画过渡时间oop
<transition :duration="1000">...</transition> //设置1000毫秒时间 <transition :duration="{enter:500,leave:800}">...</transition> //设置进入时间和回退时间
七、Vue.js的JavaScript动画构子函数动画
<transition @before-enter='beforeEnter' @enter='enter' @after-enter='afterEnter' @enter-cancelled='enterCancelled' @before-leave='beforeLeave' @leave='leave' @after-leave='afterLeave' @leave-cancelled='leaveCancelled' :css='false' > </transition> //对于仅使用 JavaScript 过渡的元素添加 v-bind:css="false",Vue 会跳过 CSS 的检测 methods:{ beforeEnter:function(el){}, enter:function(el,done){ done(); //当只用 JavaScript 过渡的时候,在 enter 和 leave 中必须使用 done 进行回调 }, afterEnter:function(el){}, enterCancelled:function(el){}, beforeLeave:function(el){}, leave:function(el){ done(); }, afterLeave:function(el){}, leaveCancelled:function(el){} } //钩子函数能够结合 CSS transitions/animations 使用,也能够单独使用
八、使用第三方JavaScript动画库Velocity.jsthis
<div id="demo"> <button @click="show = !show">切换</button> <transition @before-enter="beforeEnter" @enter="enter" @leave="leave" :css="false" > <p v-if="show">Hello</p> </transition> </div> new Vue({ el: '#demo', data: { show: false }, methods: { beforeEnter: function (el) { el.style.opacity = 0 el.style.transformOrigin = 'left' }, enter: function (el, done) { Velocity(el, { opacity: 1, fontSize: '1.4em' }, { duration: 300 }) Velocity(el, { fontSize: '1em' }, { complete: done }) }, leave: function (el, done) { Velocity(el, { translateX: '15px', rotateZ: '50deg' }, { duration: 600 }) Velocity(el, { rotateZ: '100deg' }, { loop: 2 }) Velocity(el, { rotateZ: '45deg', translateY: '30px', translateX: '30px', opacity: 0 }, { complete: done }) } } })
九、经过 appear 特性设置节点在初始渲染的过渡spa
<transition appear> </transition> 自定义过渡类名: <transition appear appear-class="custom-appear-class" appear-to-class="custom-appear-to-class" appear-active-class="custom-appear-active-class"> </transition> 自定义JavaScript构子: <transition appear @before-appear='BeforeAppearHook' @appear='AppearHook' @after-appear='AfterAppearHook' @appear-cancelled='AppearCancelledHook'> </transition>
十、多个元素的过渡(使用key)code
<transition> <button :key="docState"> {{ buttonMessage }} </button> </transition> computed: { buttonMessage: function () { switch (this.docState) { case 'saved': return '编辑' case 'edited': return '保存' case 'editing': return '取消' } } } 过渡模式 out-in 当前元素先进行过渡,完成以后新元素过渡进入 in-out 新元素先进行过渡,完成以后当前元素过渡离开 <transition name="fade" mode="out-in"> </transition>
十、多个组件的过渡(使用动态组件)
<transition name="component-fade" mode="out-in"> <component v-bind:is="view"></component> </transition> new Vue({ el:'demo', data:{ view:'v-a' }, components:{ 'v-a':{ template:`<div>组件A</div>` }, 'v-b':{ template:`<div>组件B</div>` } } }) .component-fade-enter-active, .component-fade-leave-active { transition: opacity .3s ease; } .component-fade-enter, .component-fade-leave-to { opacity: 0; }
十一、<transition-group> 组件实现列表的过渡
<transition-group>组件会渲染成<span>标签,可经过 tag 特性更换为其余元素。 目标元素必须提供惟一的 key 值 <div id='demo'> <button @click='add'>添加</button> <button @click='remove'>删除</button> <button @click='shuffle'>打乱</button> <transition-group name='list' tag='div'> <span v-for='item in items' :key='item' class='list-item'> {{item}} </span> </transition-group> </div> //_.shuffl(arr) 随机打乱数组,并返回被打乱的数组 //arr.splice(index,0,item) 在index位置添加一个 item 元素 //arr.splice(index,1) 在index位置删除1个元素 new Vue({ el:'demo', data:{ items:[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9], nextNum:10 }, methods:{ randomIndex:function(){ //返回1~9之间的随机数 return Math.floor(Math.random()*this.items.length) }, add:function(){ this.items.splice(this.randomIndex,0,nextNum++); //在随机的位置添加一个数 }, remove:function(){ this.items.splice(this.randomIndex,1); //在随机的位置删除一个数 }, shuffle:function(){ this.items=_.shuffle(this.items); //返回顺序被打乱的数组 } } }) .list-item{ transition:all 1s; display:inline-block; margin-right:10px; } .list-leave-active { position: absolute; } .list-enter, .list-leave-to { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(30px); }
十二、与JavaScript交互实现交错过渡(Velocity.js)
<div id='demo'> <input v-model='query'> //根据用户输入筛选显示列表中符合项+动画 <transition-group name='fade' tag='ul' :css='false' @before-enter='beforeEnter' @enter='enter' @leave='leave'> <li v-for='(item,index) in items' :key='item.msg' :data-index='index'> {{item.msg}} </li> </transition-group> </div> new Vue({ el:'#demo', data:{ query:'', list:[ {msg:'then'}, {msg:'reject'}, {msg:'undefiend'}, {msg:'resolve'} ] }, computed:{ showList:function(){ var vm=this; return this.list.filter(function(item){ return item.msg.toLowerCase().indexOf(vm.query.toLowerCase()) !==-1 }) } }, methods:{ beforeEnter:function(el){ el.style.opacity=0; el.style.height=0; }, enter:function(el,done){ var delay=el.dataset.index*150; setTimeout(function(){ Velocity( el, { opacity: 1, height: '1.6em' }, { complete: done } ) }, delay) }, leave:function(el,done){ var delay = el.dataset.index * 150 setTimeout(function () { Velocity( el, { opacity: 0, height: 0 }, { complete: done } ) }, delay) } } })
1三、建立可复用的过渡
//任务:只需将须要实现动画的元素或列表放入该过渡组件中便可实现相应的动画 方式一: Vue.component('my-special-transition', { template: '\ <transition\ name="very-special-transition"\ mode="out-in"\ v-on:before-enter="beforeEnter"\ v-on:after-enter="afterEnter"\ >\ <slot></slot>\ </transition>\ ', methods: { beforeEnter: function (el) { // ... }, afterEnter: function (el) { // ... } } }) 函数组件更适合完成这个任务: Vue.component('my-special-transition', { functional: true, render: function (createElement, context) { var data = { props: { name: 'very-special-transition', mode: 'out-in' }, on: { beforeEnter: function (el) { // ... }, afterEnter: function (el) { // ... } } } return createElement('transition', data, context.children) } })
1四、动态过渡(根据组件的状态设置不一样的过渡动画)
<transition :name="transitionName"> </transition> //经过事件的钩子函数方法,能够在获取到相应上下文数据。这意味着,能够根据组件的状态经过 JavaScript 过渡设置不一样的过渡效果 //最终方案是组件经过接受 props 来动态修改以前的过渡。一句老话,惟一的限制是你的想象力。