Oracle语法及 SQL题目（三）

时间 2019-11-30

标签 oracle 语法 sql 题目栏目 Oracle 繁體版

原文原文链接

目录sql

SQL题目六

ABC在线销售公司业务系统
表结构：
一、表名：t_category (商品类别表)
字段(字段名/类型/长度)：
类别编号 category_id INT
类别名称 category_name VARCHAR2(30)code

二、表名：t_goods (商品表)
字段(字段名/类型/长度)：
商品编号 goods_no CHAR(3)
商品名称 goods_name VARCHAR2(30)
商品价格 goods_price number(7,2)
所属类别 goods_category INT
点击次数 goods_click_num INTblog

三、表名: t_saleinfo (销售信息表)
字段(字段名/类型/长度)：
销售流水号 sid INT
商品编号 goods_no CHAR(3)
销售日期 sale_date date
销售数量 quantity INT
销售金额 amount number(10,2)索引

create table t_category(
   category_id int primary key,
   category_name varchar2(30)
);

create table t_goods(
   goods_no char(3) primary key,
   goods_name varchar2(30) not null,
   goods_price number(7,2) not null,
   goods_category int not null,
   goods_click_num int default 0,
   constraint FK_GOODS_CATEGORY FOREIGN KEY (goods_category) references t_category(category_id)
);

create table t_saleinfo(
   sid int primary key,
   goods_no char(3) not null,
   sale_date date  not null,
   quantity int not null,
   amount number(10,2) not null,
   constraint FK_SALEINFO_GOODS FOREIGN KEY (goods_no) references t_goods(goods_no)
);

-- 增长类别数据
insert into t_category values(1,'酒类');
insert into t_category values(2,'服装');
insert into t_category values(3,'书籍');

-- 商品数据
insert into t_goods values('G01','贵州茅台',550.56,1,128);
insert into t_goods values('G02','福建老酒',5.43,1,24);
insert into t_goods values('G03','泸州老窖',90.56,1,67);
insert into t_goods values('G04','剑南春',80.56,1,88);
insert into t_goods values('G05','七匹狼夹克',350.56,2,348);
insert into t_goods values('G06','七匹狼衬衫',105.43,2,908);
insert into t_goods values('G07','七匹狼男长裤',130.50,2,167);
insert into t_goods values('G08','七匹狼领带',280.00,2,388);
insert into t_goods values('G09','J2EE开发',50.50,3,236);
insert into t_goods values('G10','STRUTS应用',24.50,3,654);
insert into t_goods values('G11','ORACLE 11G',100.50,3,145);
insert into t_goods values('G12','dotnet技术',80.00,3,988);

-- 销售数据
insert into t_saleinfo values(1,'G01',to_date('2008-1-1','yyyy-MM-dd'),50,50*550.56);
insert into t_saleinfo values(2,'G01',to_date('2008-1-2','yyyy-MM-dd'),25,25*550.56);
insert into t_saleinfo values(3,'G01',to_date('2008-1-3','yyyy-MM-dd'),31,31*550.56);
insert into t_saleinfo values(4,'G01',to_date('2008-1-4','yyyy-MM-dd'),43,43*550.56);
insert into t_saleinfo values(5,'G01',to_date('2008-1-5','yyyy-MM-dd'),55,55*550.56);
insert into t_saleinfo values(6,'G01',to_date('2008-1-6','yyyy-MM-dd'),102,102*550.56);
insert into t_saleinfo values(7,'G11',to_date('2008-1-6','yyyy-MM-dd'),82,82*100.5);
insert into t_saleinfo values(8,'G11',to_date('2008-1-7','yyyy-MM-dd'),202,202*100.5);

题目：
一、查询酒类商品的总点击量
二、查询各个类别所属商品的总点击量,并按降序排列
三、查询全部类别中最热门的品种(点击量最高),并按点击量降顺序排列
四、查询茅台的销售状况,按日期升序排列开发

格式以下:
商品编号商品名称销售日期销售数量销售金额累计数量累计金额
1 茅台 2011-12-1 10 7000 10 7000
1 茅台 2011-12-2 15 10500 25 17500it

第一个问题思路（查询酒类商品的总点击量）

-- 解一：
-- 笛卡尔积 内联两张表
select * from t_goods a inner join t_category b
on a.goods_category=b.category_id;

-- 查询酒类 笛卡尔积
select * from t_goods a inner join t_category b
on a.goods_category=b.category_id and b.category_name='酒类';

-- 按照酒名分组查询 获取酒类的总点击量
select b.category_name, sum(a.goods_click_num) total_click 
from t_goods a inner join t_category b
on a.goods_category=b.category_id
and b.category_name='酒类' 
group by b.category_name;

--  '酒类' 替换了category_name列下的值
select '酒类' category_name, sum(a.goods_click_num) total_click 
from t_goods a inner join t_category b
on a.goods_category=b.category_id and b.category_name='酒类';


-- 解二：
-- 子查询 解法
select category_id from t_category
where category_name='酒类';

select GOODS_CATEGORY,goods_click_num from t_goods
where goods_category in
(
    select category_id
    from t_category
    where category_name='酒类'
);

select '酒类' category_name,sum(goods_click_num) total_click
from t_goods
where goods_category in
(
    select category_id
    from t_category
    where category_name='酒类'
);

第二个问题思路（查询每一个类别所属商品的总点击量,并按降序排列）

-- 按所属类别分组 查询商品类别 类别商品总点击量
select goods_category,sum(goods_click_num)
from t_goods
group by goods_category;

-- 降序 按商品表类别分组 各个类别商品点击量总和 降序
select goods_category,sum(goods_click_num) total_click
from t_goods
group by goods_category
order by sum(goods_click_num) desc;

select goods_category,sum(goods_click_num) total_click
from t_goods a inner join t_category b
on a.goods_category = b.category_id
group by goods_category
order by sum(goods_click_num) desc;

-- 划分归属
select goods_category,category_name,sum(goods_click_num) total_click
from t_goods a inner join t_category b
on a.goods_category = b.category_id
group by goods_category,category_name
order by sum(goods_click_num) desc;

-- 划别名 按类别分组 按最高点击商品表中各个类别最高点击量 降序
select a.goods_category,b.category_name,sum(a.goods_click_num) total_click
from t_goods a inner join t_category b
on a.goods_category = b.category_id
group by goods_category,category_name
order by sum(a.goods_click_num) desc;

第三个问题思路（查询全部类别中最热门的品种(点击量最高),并按点击量降顺序排列）

-- 查询商品表各个类别，最大点击量
select goods_category, max(goods_click_num) max_click
from t_goods
group by goods_category;

-- 获取一张 按照商品类别分组的 新商品表
select * from
(
    select goods_category, max(goods_click_num) max_click
    from t_goods
    group by goods_category
)a inner join t_goods b
on a.goods_category=b.goods_category 
and a.max_click=b.goods_click_num;

-- 笛卡尔积三表 用where筛选数据 寻找点击量高的的商品
select * from
(
    select goods_category, max(goods_click_num) max_click
    from t_goods
    group by goods_category
)a,t_goods b,t_category c
where a.goods_category=b.goods_category 
and a.max_click=b.goods_click_num 
and c.category_id=a.goods_category;

-- 按照 原商品表的各个类别热门最大点击量降序
select * from
(
    select goods_category, max(goods_click_num) max_click
    from t_goods
    group by goods_category
)a,t_goods b,t_category c
where a.goods_category=b.goods_category 
and a.max_click=b.goods_click_num 
and c.category_id=a.goods_category
order by a.max_click desc;

-- 查询商品表中点击最高（即 热门）的商品，并查询相关类别信息 按最大点击量降序
select c.category_id,c.category_name,b.goods_no,b.goods_name,a.max_click
from
(
    select goods_category, max(goods_click_num) max_click
    from t_goods
    group by goods_category
)a,t_goods b,t_category c
where a.goods_category=b.goods_category 
and a.max_click=b.goods_click_num 
and c.category_id=a.goods_category
order by a.max_click desc;

第四个问题思路（查询茅台的销售状况,按日期升序排列）

-- 获取'贵州茅台'商品编号
select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='贵州茅台';

-- 商品编号内联 限制为'贵州茅台'商品编号
select * from t_saleinfo a 
inner join t_saleinfo b
on a.goods_no=b.goods_no and a.goods_no=
(
    select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='贵州茅台'
);

-- 销售日期 升序
select * from t_saleinfo a 
inner join t_saleinfo b
on a.goods_no=b.goods_no and a.goods_no=
(
    select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='贵州茅台'
)
order by a.sale_date;

-- 增长销售日期限制
select * from t_saleinfo a 
inner join t_saleinfo b
on a.goods_no=b.goods_no and a.goods_no=
(
    select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='贵州茅台'
)
and a.sale_date>=b.sale_date
order by a.sale_date;

-- 增长商品编号限制
select a.sale_date,a.quantity,sum(b.quantity),sum(b.amount)
from t_saleinfo a inner join t_saleinfo b
on a.goods_no=b.goods_no
and a.goods_no=
(
    select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='贵州茅台'
)
and a.sale_date>=b.sale_date
group by a.sale_date,a.quantity;

-- 销售日期 升序
select a.sale_date,a.quantity,sum(b.quantity),sum(b.amount)
from t_saleinfo a inner join t_saleinfo b
on a.goods_no=b.goods_no
and a.goods_no=
(
    select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='贵州茅台'
)
and a.sale_date>=b.sale_date
group by a.sale_date,a.quantity
order by a.sale_date;

select a.sale_date,a.quantity day_quantity,max(a.amount) day_amount,sum(b.quantity) total_quantity,sum(b.amount) total_amount
from t_saleinfo a inner join t_saleinfo b
on a.goods_no=b.goods_no
and a.goods_no=
(
    select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='贵州茅台'
)
and a.sale_date>=b.sale_date
group by a.sale_date,a.quantity
order by a.sale_date;

-- 获取商品销售信息
select d.goods_no,d.goods_name,e.category_name,c.*
from
(
    select max(a.goods_no) goods_no,
           a.sale_date,a.quantity day_quantity,
           max(a.amount) day_amount,
           sum(b.quantity) total_quantity,
           sum(b.amount) total_amount
    from t_saleinfo a inner join t_saleinfo b
    on a.goods_no=b.goods_no and a.goods_no=
    (
        select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='贵州茅台'
    )
    and a.sale_date>=b.sale_date
    group by a.sale_date,a.quantity
    order by a.sale_date
)c,t_goods d, t_category e
where c.goods_no=d.goods_no
and d.goods_category=e.category_id;

笔记

视图

-- 建立视图
create view v_day_sale_statis as
select d.goods_no,d.goods_name,e.category_name,c.*
from
(
    select max(a.goods_no) goods_no,a.sale_date,a.quantity day_quantity,max(a.amount) day_amount,sum(b.quantity) total_quantity,sum(b.amount) total_amount
    from t_saleinfo a inner join t_saleinfo b
    on a.goods_no=b.goods_no
    and a.goods_no=
    (
        select goods_no from t_goods where goods_name='贵州茅台'
    )
    and a.sale_date>=b.sale_date
    group by a.sale_date,a.quantity
    order by a.sale_date
)c,t_goods d, t_category e
where c.goods_no=d.goods_no
and d.goods_category=e.category_id;

-- 查询用户视图
select * from user_views;

-- 查询视图
select * from v_day_sale_statis;

-- 删除视图
drop view v_day_sale_statis;

-- 查找某个视图
select * from dba_views where view_name = "User_tables";

-- 建立视图注释
comment on column v_day_sale_statis.table_name is 'Name of the table';

索引

-- 建立索引(加快查找速度)
create index clicknum_idx on t_goods(goods_click_num);

-- 查找用户索引
select * from user_indexes;

Oracle语法 及 SQL题目（三）