spring-boot的spring-cache中的扩展redis缓存的ttl和key名

原文地址:spring-boot的spring-cache中的扩展redis缓存的ttl和key名java

前提

spring-cache你们都用过,其中使用redis-cache你们也用过,至于如何使用怎么配置,本篇就不重点描述了。本篇主要解决2个问题,第一个问题使用redis作缓存时对每一个key进行自定义的过时时间配置,第二个使用redis作缓存时@Cacheable(value = "value", key = "#p0") ,最后生成的key会在value和p0中间的有(::)2个冒号,与redis的key名一个冒号间隔的风格不符。redis

本篇以spring-boot 2.1.2和 spirng 5.1.4为基础来说解。RedisCacheManage在spring-data-redis 2.x中相对于1.x的变更很大,本篇即在2.x的版本中实现。spring

redis cache的过时时间

咱们都知道redis的过时时间,是用它作缓存或者作业务操做的灵性。在使用@Cacheable(value = "value", key = "#p0")注解时便可。具体的使用方法参考网上。缓存

RedisCacheManager

咱们先来看看RedisCacheManager,RedisCacheWriter接口是对redis操做进行包装的一层低级的操做。defaultCacheConfig是redis的默认配置,在下一个选项卡中详细介绍。initialCacheConfiguration是对各个单独的缓存进行各自详细的配置(过时时间就是在此配置的),allowInFlightCacheCreation是否容许建立不事先定义的缓存,若是不存在即便用默认配置。RedisCacheManagerBuilder使用桥模式,咱们能够用它构建RedisCacheManager。微信

public class RedisCacheManager extends AbstractTransactionSupportingCacheManager {

   private final RedisCacheWriter cacheWriter;
   private final RedisCacheConfiguration defaultCacheConfig;
   private final Map<String, RedisCacheConfiguration> initialCacheConfiguration;
   private final boolean allowInFlightCacheCreation;
   public static class RedisCacheManagerBuilder {}

}
复制代码

AbstractTransactionSupportingCacheManager

AbstractTransactionSupportingCacheManager加入事务概念,将操做与事务绑定,包装了一层事务。app

public abstract class AbstractTransactionSupportingCacheManager extends AbstractCacheManager {

   private boolean transactionAware = false;

   public void setTransactionAware(boolean transactionAware) {
      this.transactionAware = transactionAware;
   }

   public boolean isTransactionAware() {
      return this.transactionAware;
   }

   @Override
   protected Cache decorateCache(Cache cache) {
      return (isTransactionAware() ? new TransactionAwareCacheDecorator(cache) : cache);
   }

}
复制代码

RedisCacheConfiguration

ttl是过时时间,cacheNullValues是否容许存null值,keyPrefix缓存前缀规则,usePrefix是否容许使用前缀。keySerializationPair缓存key序列化,valueSerializationPair缓存值序列化此处最好本身使用jackson的序列号替代原生的jdk序列化,conversionService作转换用的。ide

public class RedisCacheConfiguration {

   private final Duration ttl;
   private final boolean cacheNullValues;
   private final CacheKeyPrefix keyPrefix;
   private final boolean usePrefix;

   private final SerializationPair<String> keySerializationPair;
   private final SerializationPair<Object> valueSerializationPair;

   private final ConversionService conversionService;

}
复制代码

RedisCacheManager

再来看看如何配置RedisCacheManagerspring-boot

RedisCacheAutoConfiguration

配置前经过RedisAutoConfiguration配置能够获取到redis相关配置包括redisTemplate,由于spring-boot2中redis使用Lettuce做为客户端,相关配置在LettuceConnectionConfiguration中。 在去加载CacheProperties和CustomCacheProperties配置。 经过RedisCacheManagerBuilder去构造RedisCacheManager,使用非加锁的redis缓存操做,redis默认配置使用的是cacheProperties中的redis,最后根据咱们自定义的customCacheProperties阔以针对单个的key设置单独的redis缓存配置。ui

getDefaultRedisCacheConfiguration主要先经过RedisCacheConfiguration的默认建立方法defaultCacheConfig建立默认的配置,在经过getJackson2JsonRedisSerializer建立默认value格式化(使用jackson代替jdk序列化),而后经过redis缓存配置的是spring-cache的CacheProperties去修改配置项。this

最后根据配置构建出RedisCacheConfiguration。

@Slf4j
@EnableCaching
@Configuration
@AutoConfigureAfter(RedisAutoConfiguration.class)
@EnableConfigurationProperties({CacheProperties.class, CustomCacheProperties.class})
@ConditionalOnClass({Redis.class, RedisCacheConfiguration.class})
public class RedisCacheAutoConfiguration {

​    @Autowiredprivate CacheProperties cacheProperties;

​    @Beanpublic RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager(CustomCacheProperties customCacheProperties, ​ RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
​        RedisCacheConfiguration defaultConfiguration = getDefaultRedisCacheConfiguration();
​        RedisCacheManager.RedisCacheManagerBuilder builder = RedisCacheManager.RedisCacheManagerBuilder
​                .fromCacheWriter(RedisCacheWriter.nonLockingRedisCacheWriter(redisConnectionFactory))
​                .cacheDefaults(defaultConfiguration);

​        Map<String, RedisCacheConfiguration> map = Maps.newHashMap();
​        Optional.ofNullable(customCacheProperties)
​                .map(p -> p.getCustomCache())
​                .ifPresent(customCache -> {
​                    customCache.forEach((key, cache) -> {
​                        RedisCacheConfiguration cfg = handleRedisCacheConfiguration(cache, defaultConfiguration);
​                        map.put(key, cfg);
​                    });
​                });
​        builder.withInitialCacheConfigurations(map);
​        return builder.build();
​    }

​    private RedisCacheConfiguration getDefaultRedisCacheConfiguration() {
​        Redis redisProperties = cacheProperties.getRedis();
​        RedisCacheConfiguration config = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig();

​        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = getJackson2JsonRedisSerializer();
​        config = config.serializeKeysWith(SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new StringRedisSerializer()));
​        config = config.serializeValuesWith(SerializationPair.fromSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer));
​        config = handleRedisCacheConfiguration(redisProperties, config);
​        return config;
​    }

​    private Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer getJackson2JsonRedisSerializer() {
​        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
​        ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
​        om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.GETTER, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
​        om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
​        om.setSerializationInclusion(Include.NON_NULL);
​        om.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);
​        jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);
​        return jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
​    }

​    private RedisCacheConfiguration handleRedisCacheConfiguration(Redis redisProperties, ​ RedisCacheConfiguration config) {
​        if (Objects.isNull(redisProperties)) {
​            return config;
​        }

​        if (redisProperties.getTimeToLive() != null) {
​            config = config.entryTtl(redisProperties.getTimeToLive());
​        }
​        if (redisProperties.getKeyPrefix() != null) {
​            config = config.computePrefixWith(cacheName -> cacheName + redisProperties.getKeyPrefix());
​        }
​        if (!redisProperties.isCacheNullValues()) {
​            config = config.disableCachingNullValues();
​        }
​        if (!redisProperties.isUseKeyPrefix()) {
​            config = config.disableKeyPrefix();
​        }
​        return config;
​    }

}
复制代码

CustomCacheProperties

咱们自定的缓存的配置,使用了现有的CacheProperties.Redis做为配置类。

@Data
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "damon.cache")
public class CustomCacheProperties {

​    private Map<String, CacheProperties.Redis> customCache;

}
复制代码

Redis

Redis的key配置,过时时间,是否容许缓存空值默承认以,key的前缀,是否容许使用key前缀

public static class {

   private Duration timeToLive;

   private boolean cacheNullValues = true;

   private String keyPrefix;

   private boolean useKeyPrefix = true;

}
复制代码

yml配置

再来看看配置项

spring.cache.redis就为当前redis-cache的默认配置

底下的damon.cache就为自定义配置(默认20秒),以下配置了testA和 testB2个自定义key的过时时间(一个40秒,一个50秒)

spring:
 redis:
 host: localhost
 port: 6379
 cache:
    redis:
 time-to-live: 20s

damon:
 cache:
 custom-cache:
 testA:
 time-to-live: 40s
 testB:
 time-to-live: 50s
复制代码

redis-cache的key名调整

image-20190218104748207

从上述咱们能够看出使用后,缓存过时时间能够自定义配置了,可是key名中间有2个冒号。

RedisCache

RedisCache中的createCacheKey方法是生成redis的key,从中能够看出是否使用prefix,使用的话经过prefixCacheKey方法生成,借用了redisCache配置项来生成。

private final RedisCacheConfiguration cacheConfig;

protected String createCacheKey(Object key) {

   String convertedKey = convertKey(key);

   if (!cacheConfig.usePrefix()) {
      return convertedKey;
   }

   return prefixCacheKey(convertedKey);
}

private String prefixCacheKey(String key) {

   // allow contextual cache names by computing the key prefix on every call.
   return cacheConfig.getKeyPrefixFor(name) + key;
}
复制代码

RedisCacheConfiguration

在redisCache配置项中使用getKeyPrefixFor方法来生成完整的redis的key名,经过 keyPrefix.compute来生成。

private final CacheKeyPrefix keyPrefix;

public String getKeyPrefixFor(String cacheName) {

   Assert.notNull(cacheName, "Cache name must not be null!");

   return keyPrefix.compute(cacheName);
}
复制代码

CacheKeyPrefix

这里就看到咱们使用处,并且看到了默认实现有2个冒号的实现。

实际上是在RedisCacheConfiguration中有个默认实现方法,里面用的就是CacheKeyPrefix的默认实现。咱们只有覆盖此处便可。

@FunctionalInterface
public interface CacheKeyPrefix {

//计算在redis中的缓存名

String compute(String cacheName);

//默认实现,中间用的就是::

 static CacheKeyPrefix simple() {
return name -> name + "::";
   }
}
复制代码

总结

参考上文,使用RedisCacheConfigurationcomputePrefixWith(cacheName -> cacheName + redisProperties.getKeyPrefix())实现key调整。

题外话

咱们再来聊聊spring-cache,实际上其实它就是把缓存的使用给抽象了,在对缓存的具体实现的过程当中给抽出来。其实最重要的就是CacheCacheManager2个接口,简单的实现如SimpleCacheManager

欢迎关注个人微信公众号

微信公众号
相关文章
相关标签/搜索