RPM方式安装MySQL5.6

1、检查MySQL及相关RPM包，是否安装，若是有安装，则移除（rpm –e 名称）

 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

 mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64

 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove mysql-libs*

 

2、下载Linux对应的RPM包，如：CentOS6.4_64对应的RPM包，以下：

 [root@localhost rpm]# ll

 total 74364

 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18442536 Dec 11 20:19 MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root  3340660 Dec 11 20:06 MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 54360600 Dec 11 20:03 MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

3、安装MySQL

 [root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

 [root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

 [root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

 #修改配置文件位置

 [root@localhost rpm]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

 

4、初始化MySQL及设置密码

安装mysql数据库后，/usr/local/mysql/data下没有数据，致使数据库没法启动，因此须要初始化数据库

 

执行如下脚本：

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

注释：该脚本为perl脚本，须要有perl

该脚本将自动生成MySQL所须要

 

[root@localhost rpm]# service mysql start

[root@localhost rpm]# cat /root/.mysql_secret  #查看root帐号密码

 

# The random password set for the root user at Wed Dec 11 23:32:50 2013 (local time): qKTaFZnl

 [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot –pqKTaFZnl

 mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');    #设置密码为123456

 mysql> exit

 [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456

 

5、容许远程登录

 

 mysql> use mysql;

 mysql> select host,user,password from user;

 +-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

 | host                  | user | password                                  |

 +-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

 | localhost             | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |

 | localhost.localdomain | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |

 | 127.0.0.1             | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |

 | ::1                   | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |

 +-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+

 

 mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';

 mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';

 mysql> flush privileges;

 mysql> exit

 

6、设置开机自启动

 [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysql on

 [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql

 mysql           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

 

7、MySQL的默认安装位置

 

 /var/lib/mysql/               #数据库目录

 /usr/share/mysql              #配置文件目录

 /usr/bin                     #相关命令目录

 /etc/init.d/mysql              #启动脚本

 

8、修改字符集和数据存储路径

配置/etc/my.cnf文件,修改数据存放路径、mysql.sock路径以及默认编码utf-8.

[client] 

 password        = 123456 

 port            = 3306 

 default-character-set=utf8 

 [mysqld] 

 port            = 3306 

 character_set_server=utf8 

 character_set_client=utf8 

 collation-server=utf8_general_ci 

 # 注意linux下mysql安装完后是默认：

表名区分大小写，列名不区分大小写； 0：区分大小写，1：不区分大小写

 lower_case_table_names=1 

 #(设置最大链接数，默认为 151，MySQL服务器容许的最大链接数16384; ) 

 max_connections=1000 

 [mysql] 

 default-character-set = utf8 

九、扩展

忘记密码，跳过密码认证登陆

一、关闭进程

Service mysql stop

二、执行如下命令跳过密码认证

[root@maomao mysql]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &

[1] 28804

[root@maomao mysql]# 180424 02:29:27 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/lib/mysql/maomao.err'.

180424 02:29:27 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql

三、在另外一个窗口免密码登陆

[root@maomao mysql]# mysql -u root

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.6.15 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

 

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

 

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

 

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

 

mysql>

 

四、修改密码

mysql> update mysql.user set password=PASSWORD('123456') where user='root';

Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 4  Changed: 4  Warnings: 0