SSH框架搭建全过程详解

时间  2019-11-20
标签 ssh 框架 搭建 全过程 详解 繁體版
原文   原文链接

本项目使用Struts2+spring3+hibernate3；java

第一步：引入jar包，具体须要哪些包根据实际状况加入。注意：把jar包导入后须要对全部包Add to Build Path;而后对工程名右键Build Path——>configure Build Path——>Add External JARS选择tomcat路径，添加"servlet-api.jar"  "el-api.jar"  "jsp-api.jar" 这三个jar包。mysql

：web

 

第二步：配置applicationContext.xmlspring

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">
           
    <context:component-scan base-package="ssh.demo.dao,ssh.demo.service,ssh.demo.action" />      
    
    <import resource="dao.xml"/>       
    <import resource="service.xml"/>  
    
</beans>

 

 我把配置根据做用对象不一样分别写在两个配置文件中，再在applicationContext.xml文件中import.sql

1.dao.xml数据库

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">

    
    <!--c3p0链接池参数设置说明 -->
    <!--maxPoolSize表示链接池中保留的最大链接数，default为15 -->
    <!--minPoolSize表示链接池中保留的最小链接数 -->
    <!--initialPoolSize表示初始化时获取的链接数，取值应该在maxPoolSize和minPoolSize之间，default为3 -->
    <!--maxIdleTime表示最大空闲时间，60秒内未使用则链接被丢弃，若为0则永不丢弃，default为0 -->
    <!--acquireIncrement当链接池用链接被耗尽的时候c3p0一次同时获取的链接数，default 3 -->
    <!--maxStatements,JDBC的标准参数，用于控制数据源内加载的PreparedStatements数量，但因为预缓存的statements属于单个connection而不是整个链接池。 因此设置这个参数须要考虑到多方面的因素。若是maxStatements与maxStatementsPerConnection均为0，则缓存被关闭，default 0 -->
    <!--idleConnectionTestPeriod表示每多少秒检查链接池中的空闲链接，default 0 -->
    <!--acquireRetryAttempts定义在数据库获取新链接失败后从新尝试的次数，default -->
    <!--breakAfterAcquireFailure获取链接失败将会引发全部等待链接池来获取链接的线程抛出异常。可是数据源仍有效保留，并在下次调用getConnection()的时候继 续尝试获取链接。若是设为true，那么在尝试获取链接失败后该数据源将申明已断开并永久关闭。Default: false -->
    <!--testConnectionOnCheckout因性能消耗大请只在须要的时候使用它。若是设为true那么在每一个connection提交的时候都将校验其有效性。建议使用 idleConnectionTestPeriod或automaticTestTable等方法来提高链接测试的性能。Default: false -->
<!-- <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sshanno" /> <property name="user" value="root" /> <property name="password" value="root" /> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="20" /> <property name="minPoolSize" value="5" /> <property name="maxStatements" value="50" /> <property name="maxIdleTime" value="1800" /> </bean> -->
    
    <!-- location值为参数配置文件的位置 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
    <!--dbcp链接池参数设置说明 -->
    <!--initialSize表示池启动时建立的链接数量 -->
    <!--maxActive表示同一时间能够从池分配的最多链接数量，设置为0时表示无限制 -->
    <!--maxIdle表示池里不会释放的最多的空闲的链接数量，设置为0时表示无限制 -->
    <!--minIdle表示在不新建链接条件下，池中保持空闲的最少链接数 -->
    <!--removeAbandoned设置自动回收超时链接，value为true或false -->
    <!--removeAbandonedTimeout设置自动回收超时时间（以秒数为单位） -->
    <!--logAbandoned设置在自动回收超时链接的时候打印链接的超时错误，value为true或false -->
    <!--maxWait等待超时以毫秒为单位，在抛出异常前，池等待链接被回收的最长时间（当没有可用链接时），设置为-1表示无限等待 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close" p:driverClassName="${driverClassName}" p:url="${url}" p:username="${username}" p:password="${password}" p:maxActive="${maxActive}" p:maxIdle="${maxIdle}" p:minIdle="${minIdle}"/>
    
    <!--在hibernate3中获取sessionFactory ，hibernate4则class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean" -->
    <!--设置属性说明 -->
    <!--hibernate.dialect设置方言 -->
    <!--hibernate.format_sql输出格式化的sql -->
    <!--hibernate.show_sql控制台输出sql -->
    <!--hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto 自动建立|更新|验证数据库表结构。有如下几个参数： create：每次加载hibernate时都会删除上一次的生成的表，而后根据你的model类再从新来生成新表，哪怕两次没有任何改变也要这样执行，这就是致使数据库表数据丢失的一个重要缘由。 create-drop：每次加载hibernate时根据model类生成表，可是sessionFactory一关闭,表就自动删除。 update：最经常使用的属性，第一次加载hibernate时根据model类会自动创建起表的结构（前提是先创建好数据库），之后加载hibernate时根据 model类自动更新表结构，即便表结构改变了 但表中的行仍然存在不会删除之前的行。要注意的是当部署到服务器后，表结构是不会被立刻创建起来的，是要等 应用第一次运行起来后才会。 validate ：每次加载hibernate时，验证建立数据库表结构，只会和数据库中的表进行比较，不会建立新表，可是会插入新值。 -->
    <!--current_session_context_class使用缓存机制。(hibernate3：Thread或jta);(hibernate4:org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.SpringSessionContext) -->
    <!--hibernate.cache.provider_class 使用Ehcache缓存;hibernate3是org.hibernate.cache.HashtableCacheProvider;hibernate4是net.sf.ehcache.hibernate.EhCacheProvider -->
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource">
            <ref bean="dataSource"/>
        </property>
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
                <!-- <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServer2005Dialect</prop> -->
                <!-- <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</prop> -->
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
                <prop key="current_session_context_class">Thread</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.HashtableCacheProvider</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
        <!--自动扫描（实体类）注解包：实体类位置为：com.spring.mvc.entities.User,不能写成：com.spring.mvc.entities,而要写成：com.spring.mvc,packagesToScan要比实际上前一层-->
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="ssh.demo..*"/>
        
        
        
        <!-- 对于annotatedClasses只能一个类一个类的写，不能用*通配符 。能够用packagesToScan扫描包的方式代替annotatedClasses方式-->
        <!-- <property> <list> <value>ssh.demo.*</value> </list> </property> -->
        <!--上面的方法是错误的，下面的方法才是正确的。可是当类不少时，能够用packagesToScan扫描包的方式代替 -->
        <!-- <property name="annotatedClasses"> <list> <value>ssh.demo.domain.User</value> <value>ssh.demo.domain.UserLog</value> <value>ssh.demo.domain.Product</value> </list> </property> -->
    </bean>
    
    <!--hibernate3.1以及以上版本取消了hibernateTemplate，hibernate4须要经过getCurrentSession()获取session -->
    <bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate" p:sessionFactory-ref="sessionFactory" />

</beans>

 

上面设置数据源时使用了外部参数配置文件：jdbc.propertiesexpress

driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sshanno?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8 username=root password=root maxActive=50 maxIdle=40 minIdle=10 #driverClassName=net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver #url=jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://localhost:1433;databaseName=ssh #username=sa #password=sa #maxActive=50 #maxIdle=40 #minIdle=10 #driverClassName=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver #url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl #username=cd #password=cd #maxActive=50 #maxIdle=40 #minIdle=10

 

2.service.xmlapache

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">
           
    <!--spring对hibernate的事务管理 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" p:sessionFactory-ref="sessionFactory">
    </bean>
    
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* ssh.demo.service..*(..))" id="serviceMethod"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="serviceMethod"/>
    </aop:config>
    
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <!--默认： isolation:DEFAULT propagation:REQUIRED timeout:-1 事物超时时间由底层事物系统决定 read-only:false rollback-for:全部容许异常回滚 no-rollback-for:全部检查异常不回滚 -->
            
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="do*"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

</beans>

 

第三步：配置struts.xmlapi

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>
    <!-- 自动扫描action包 -->
    <!-- 注解须要的jar包：struts2-convention-plugin -->
    <!-- <constant name="struts.convention.default.parent.package" value="default" /> -->
    <constant name="struts.convention.package.locators" value="action" />
     <constant name="struts.convention.classes.reload" value="true" />
     <!-- <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring"/> -->
    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
        <!-- <action name="product" class="ssh.demo.action.ProdutAction" method="getProducts"> <result name="success">/product.jsp?preparedProducts=true</result> </action> -->
    </package>
</struts>

 

第四步：配置web.xml缓存

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

    <display-name>ssh</display-name> 
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
    
    
     <context-param>  
        <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>  
        <!-- <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/log4j.properties</param-value> --> 
        <param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value> 
    </context-param>  
    <context-param>  
        <param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>  
        <param-value>3000</param-value>  
    </context-param>  
    <listener>  
        <listener-class> org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener </listener-class>  
    </listener>  
  
  <context-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <!-- <param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value> -->
      <param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
      <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  
   <filter>   
      <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>   
      <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>   
      <init-param>   
          <param-name>encoding</param-name>   
          <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>   
      </init-param>   
  </filter>  
  <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping> 
    
     
    <!-- strut2 dispatcher -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
            <!-- 为了页面能用jsp:forward，不然struts2接管请求，跳不到action去。 -->
        <dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
          <dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
          <dispatcher>INCLUDE</dispatcher>
    </filter-mapping>
    
    <!--为解决lazy=true在jsp页面上遍历数据，此时相关类（one2many）再查找，没有session的状况 -->
    <!--getCurrentSession()事务会自动关闭，因此在全部jsp页面查询数据都会关闭session。要想在jsp查询数据库须要加入下面这个 -->
    <filter> 
        <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name> 
        <filter-class> org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter </filter-class> 
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping> 
            <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name> 
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
    </filter-mapping> 

</web-app>

 

第五步：新建实体类

package ssh.demo.domain; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Set; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.FetchType; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.OneToMany; import javax.persistence.Table; import org.hibernate.annotations.BatchSize; /** * 用户表 * * 通常不要使用catalog属性， * catalog是对应数据库名称，好比：在MySQL中数据库名称是ssh * 但在MSSQL中，不使用catalog，使用的是schema * MSSQL默认的schema是dbo * @author fox * */ @Entity @Table(name="tbl_user") public class User implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -8992313421496945642L; /** * Oracle 下查看序列命令：select * from user_sequences */ @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY) @Column(name="user_id") private Long id; @Column(name="user_loginname", unique=true, nullable=false) private String loginName; @Column(name="user_loginpassword", nullable=false) private String loginPassword; @OneToMany(mappedBy="user", fetch=FetchType.LAZY) @BatchSize(size=10) private Set<UserLog> userLogs = new HashSet<UserLog>(); public Set<UserLog> getUserLogs() { return userLogs; } public void setUserLogs(Set<UserLog> userLogs) { this.userLogs = userLogs; } public Long getId() { return id; } public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; } public String getLoginName() { return loginName; } public void setLoginName(String loginName) { this.loginName = loginName; } public String getLoginPassword() { return loginPassword; } public void setLoginPassword(String loginPassword) { this.loginPassword = loginPassword; } }

 

package ssh.demo.domain; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.Date; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.JoinColumn; import javax.persistence.ManyToOne; import javax.persistence.Table; /** * 用户登陆状况表 * * @author fox * */ @Entity @Table(name="tbl_userlog") public class UserLog implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -6520978050619047269L; @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY) @Column(name="userlog_id") private Long id; @Column(name="userlog_date", nullable=false) private Date date; @Column(name="userlog_type") private String type; @ManyToOne @JoinColumn(name="user_id") private User user; public String getType() { return type; } public void setType(String type) { this.type = type; } public User getUser() { return user; } public void setUser(User user) { this.user = user; } public Long getId() { return id; } public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; } public Date getDate() { return date; } public void setDate(Date date) { this.date = date; } }

 

tbl_user表和tbl_userlog表是一对多的关系。

第六步：controller层

package ssh.demo.action; import javax.servlet.ServletContext; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware; import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware; import org.springframework.web.context.ServletContextAware; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class BaseAction extends ActionSupport implements ServletContextAware, ServletRequestAware, ServletResponseAware { private static final long serialVersionUID = -2778286744226080905L; protected HttpServletRequest request; protected HttpServletResponse response; protected HttpSession session; protected ServletContext application; @Override public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse response) { this.response = response; } @Override public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) { this.request = request; this.session = this.request.getSession(); } @Override public void setServletContext(ServletContext application) { this.application = application; } }
package ssh.demo.action; import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Action; import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Result; import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Results; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import ssh.demo.domain.User; import ssh.demo.service.UserService; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven; /** * 使用注解的方式配置，struts2的action再也不是单例，不须要加@scope("prototype") * 而此时，service和dao默认仍是单例 * @author fox * */ @Controller @Results({ @Result(name = "input", location = "/login.jsp", type="redirect" , params={"error", "1"}), @Result(name = "success", location = "/index.jsp", type="redirect")}) public class LoginAction extends BaseAction implements ModelDriven<User> { private static final long serialVersionUID = -6335887400814653355L; public LoginAction(){ System.out.println("---LoginAction 构造函数---"); } @Autowired private UserService userService; private User user = new User(); public User getModel() { return this.user; } @Action("/doLogin") public String doLogin() throws Exception { System.out.println("--Hello--"); System.out.println(this.user.getLoginName()); System.out.println(this.user.getLoginPassword()); System.out.println(this.request.getParameter("loginName")); System.out.println(this.request.getParameter("loginPassword")); System.out.println(this.userService); User u = this.userService.getUserLogin(this.user.getLoginName(), this.user.getLoginPassword()); if(u == null) { System.out.println("--登陆失败---"); return INPUT; } else { System.out.println("--登陆成功---"); this.userService.doSaveUserLog(u); return SUCCESS; } } }

第七步：service层

package ssh.demo.service; import java.util.Date; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import ssh.demo.dao.UserDao; import ssh.demo.dao.UserLogDao; import ssh.demo.domain.User; import ssh.demo.domain.UserLog; @Service("userService") public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{ public UserServiceImpl(){ System.out.println("---UserService 构造函数---"); } @Autowired private UserDao userDao; @Autowired private UserLogDao userLogDao; @Override public User getUserLogin(String loginName, String loginPassword) { return this.userDao.getUser(loginName, loginPassword); } }

 

第八步：dao层

package ssh.demo.dao; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.List; import org.hibernate.HibernateException; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateCallback; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTemplate; import ssh.demo.domain.User; @Repository("userDao") public class UserDaoImpl extends BaseDao implements UserDao{ public UserDaoImpl(){ System.out.println("---UserDao 构造函数---"); } @Autowired protected HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate; @Override public User getUser(final String name, final String password) { System.out.println(this.hibernateTemplate); return (User)this.hibernateTemplate.execute(new HibernateCallback<Object>() { @Override public Object doInHibernate(Session session) throws HibernateException, SQLException { return session .createQuery("from User u where u.loginName=:name and u.loginPassword=:password") .setString("name", name) .setString("password", password) .uniqueResult(); } }); } @Override public void saveUser(User user) { this.hibernateTemplate.save(user); } @Override public List<User> getUsers() { return this.hibernateTemplate.loadAll(User.class); } }

 

最后补充：为了方便在控制台看见后台操做的结果，可以输出后台执行状况，再加一个文件log4j.properties

 1 ##OFF->FATAL->ERROR->WARN->INFO->DEBUG->ALL
 2 ##ERROR->WARN->INFO->DEBUG
 3 # define a logger named CONSOLE
 4 log4j.rootLogger=INFO, CONSOLE  
 5 # CONSOLE logger - console
 6 log4j.appender.CONSOLE=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender 
 7 # COSOLE Layout 
 8 log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout 
 9 # CONSOLE format Layout
10 log4j.appender.CONSOLE.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} %c:(%F:%L) - %m%n

到这里，再写好相应的jsp页面就能够运行一个springmvc的网站了。

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