WPF入门教程（十二）---数据绑定（4）（转）

WPF入门教程（十二）---数据绑定（4）

2018年08月28日 15:38:34 weixin_38029882 阅读数：268

 

6、排序

若是想以特定的方式对数据进行排序，能够绑定到 CollectionViewSource，而不是直接绑定到 ObjectDataProvider。CollectionViewSource 则会成为数据源，并充当截取 ObjectDataProvider 中的数据的媒介，并提供排序、分组和筛选功能，而后将它传送到目标。 
这个显示是使用 CollectionViewSource作为排序的数据源，首先将CollectionViewSource的Source 属性设置为 ObjectDataProvider的资源名称。而后经过设置CollectionViewSource.SortDescriptions属性，指定排序字段和排序顺序：

<CollectionViewSource x:Key="studentsView" Source="{Binding Source={StaticResource students}}"> <CollectionViewSource.SortDescriptions> <scm:SortDescription PropertyName="Name" Direction="Ascending" /> <scm:SortDescription PropertyName="Age" Direction="Descending" /> </CollectionViewSource.SortDescriptions> </CollectionViewSource> 

 

 

WPF中的DataContext属性是很是有用的，若是你有多个控件须要绑定同一个数据源，那么按照WinForm中的作法是给每一个控件都绑定一次数据源，那么作重复代码就会不少。而在WPF中你能够首先把这些须要绑定同一个数据源的控件放在同一个容器控件内，而后将容器控件的 DataContext 设置为绑定源，容器内的控件的数据源绑定就能够没必要再绑定，使用容器的数据源。例如，下面 
的示例：StackPanel的 DataContext 属性绑定了数据源，DataGrid就能够没必要再次绑定了，直接使用StackPanel绑定的数据源

<StackPanel DataContext="{StaticResource studentsView}"> <TextBlock Width="248" Height="24" Text="数据排序:" TextWrapping="Wrap"/> <DataGrid AutoGenerateColumns="False" ItemsSource="{Binding}" CanUserAddRows="False"> <DataGrid.Columns> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Name}" Header="名称" /> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Age}" Header="年龄" /> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Country}" Header="国家" /> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Birthday}" Header="出生日期" /> </DataGrid.Columns> </DataGrid> </StackPanel>

 

若是该容器没有定义 DataContext，那么它会继续查找下一个外部嵌套容器，直到它找到当前的 DataContext 为止。以下图所示。当点击列头时，数据就会进行顺序或逆序排序。以下图。 

<Window x:Class="WpfApp4.Window1" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:scm="clr-namespace:System.ComponentModel;assembly=WindowsBase" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApp4" mc:Ignorable="d" Title="Window1" Height="700" Width="500"> <Grid> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="140"/> <RowDefinition Height="150"/> <RowDefinition Height="140"/> <RowDefinition Height="100*"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <StackPanel Grid.Row="0"> <TextBlock Width="248" Height="24" Text="股票名称:" TextWrapping="Wrap"/> <ListBox x:Name="listStockName" Width="248" Height="56"> <ListBoxItem Content="全通教育"/> <ListBoxItem Content="大智慧"/> <ListBoxItem Content="宝钢股份"/> <ListBoxItem Content="浦发银行"/> <ListBoxItem Content="工商银行"/> <ListBoxItem Content="中国建筑"/> <ListBoxItem Content="中国南车"/> </ListBox> <TextBlock Width="248" Height="24" Text="你所选中的股票名称:" /> <TextBlock Width="248" Height="24" Text="{Binding ElementName=listStockName, Path=SelectedItem.Content}"> </TextBlock> </StackPanel> <StackPanel Grid.Row="1"> <TextBlock Width="248" Height="24" Text="颜色:" TextWrapping="Wrap"/> <ListBox x:Name="listColor" Width="248" Height="56"> <ListBoxItem Content="Blue"/> <ListBoxItem Content="Red"/> <ListBoxItem Content="Green"/> <ListBoxItem Content="Gray"/> <ListBoxItem Content="Cyan"/> <ListBoxItem Content="GreenYellow"/> <ListBoxItem Content="Orange"/> </ListBox> <TextBlock Width="248" Height="24" Text="改变背景色:" /> <TextBlock Width="248" Height="24" Text="{Binding ElementName=listColor, Path=SelectedItem.Content, Mode=OneWay}" Background="{Binding ElementName=listColor, Path=SelectedItem.Content, Mode=OneWay}"> </TextBlock> <TextBox Name="txtTwoWay" Text="{Binding ElementName=listColor,Path=SelectedItem.Content,Mode=TwoWay}" Background="{Binding ElementName=listColor,Path=SelectedItem.Content,Mode=TwoWay}"></TextBox> </StackPanel> <StackPanel Grid.Row="2"> <StackPanel.Resources> <XmlDataProvider x:Key="MyColors" Source="Colors.xml" XPath="colors"> </XmlDataProvider> </StackPanel.Resources> <TextBlock Width="248" Height="24" Text="XML数据绑定:" TextWrapping="Wrap"/> <ListBox x:Name="listXmlColor" Width="248" Height="56" IsSynchronizedWithCurrentItem="True" ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource MyColors},XPath=color/@name}"> </ListBox> <TextBlock Width="248" Height="24" Text="选中的颜色:" /> <TextBlock Width="248" Height="24" Text="{Binding ElementName=listXmlColor, Path=SelectedValue, Mode=OneWay}"> </TextBlock> </StackPanel> <StackPanel Grid.Row="3"> <StackPanel.Resources> <ObjectDataProvider x:Key="students" ObjectType="{x:Type local:StudentService}" MethodName="GetStudentList"> </ObjectDataProvider> <DataTemplate x:Key="studentLayout" DataType="students"> <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Name}" FontWeight="Bold" Foreground="Blue"/> <TextBlock Text=", "></TextBlock> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Age}"></TextBlock> <TextBlock Text=", "></TextBlock> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Birthday}"></TextBlock> <TextBlock Text=", "></TextBlock> <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=Country}"></TextBlock> </StackPanel> </DataTemplate> <CollectionViewSource x:Key="studentsView" Source="{Binding Source={StaticResource students}}"> <CollectionViewSource.SortDescriptions> <scm:SortDescription PropertyName="Name" Direction="Ascending" /> <scm:SortDescription PropertyName="Age" Direction="Descending" /> </CollectionViewSource.SortDescriptions> </CollectionViewSource> </StackPanel.Resources> <TextBlock Width="248" Height="24" Text="对象数据绑定:" TextWrapping="Wrap"/> <ListBox x:Name="listObjectBind" Width="450" Height="80" IsSynchronizedWithCurrentItem="True" ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource students}}" ItemTemplate="{DynamicResource studentLayout}"> </ListBox> <TextBlock Width="248" Height="24" Text="数据排序:" TextWrapping="Wrap"/> <DataGrid DataContext="{StaticResource studentsView}" AutoGenerateColumns="False" ItemsSource="{Binding}" CanUserAddRows="False"> <DataGrid.Columns> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Name}" Header="名称" /> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Age}" Header="年龄" /> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Country}" Header="国家" /> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Birthday}" Header="出生日期" /> </DataGrid.Columns> </DataGrid> </StackPanel> </Grid> </Window>

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows; namespace WpfApp4 { public class Student : DependencyObject { //声明一个静态只读的DependencyProperty字段 public static readonly DependencyProperty NameProperty; public static readonly DependencyProperty AgeProperty; public static readonly DependencyProperty BirthdayProperty; public static readonly DependencyProperty CountryProperty; static Student() { //注册咱们定义的依赖属性Name,Age,birthday,Country NameProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("Name", typeof(string), typeof(Student), new PropertyMetadata("名称", OnValueChanged)); AgeProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("Age", typeof(string), typeof(Student), new PropertyMetadata("年龄", OnValueChanged)); BirthdayProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("Birthday", typeof(string), typeof(Student),new PropertyMetadata("出生日期", OnValueChanged)); CountryProperty = DependencyProperty.Register("Country", typeof(string), typeof(Student), new PropertyMetadata("国家", OnValueChanged)); } private static void OnValueChanged(DependencyObject o, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e) { //当值改变时，咱们能够在此作一些逻辑处理 } //属性包装器，经过它来读取和设置咱们刚才注册的依赖属性 public string Name { get { return (string)GetValue(NameProperty); } set { SetValue(NameProperty, value); } } public string Age { get { return (string)GetValue(AgeProperty); } set { SetValue(AgeProperty, value); } } public string Birthday { get { return (string)GetValue(BirthdayProperty); } set { SetValue(BirthdayProperty, value); } } public string Country { get { return (string)GetValue(CountryProperty); } set { SetValue(CountryProperty, value); } } } }