linux学习-DAY3-上线BBS项目、ansible的使用

1、LNM+Python Django+uwsgi+redis项目

1.安装项目中须要的python模块

pip3 install -i https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/ -r re.txt
pip3 install -i https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/ uwsgi
    
vim  re.txt

asn1crypto==0.24.0
beautifulsoup4==4.6.3
bs4==0.0.1
certifi==2018.4.16
cffi==1.11.5
chardet==3.0.4
Click==7.0
cryptography==2.3.1
Django==1.11.9
Flask==1.0.2
Flask-Cors==3.0.6
gevent==1.3.6
greenlet==0.4.15
idna==2.7
ItsDangerous==1.1.0
Jinja2==2.10
lxml==4.2.6
MarkupSafe==1.0
numpy==1.15.3
Pillow==5.3.0
pycparser==2.18
PyMySQL==0.9.2
pytz==2018.7
requests==2.19.1
selenium==3.141.0
six==1.11.0
urllib3==1.23
virtualenv==16.1.0
Werkzeug==0.14.1
wordcloud==1.5.0

2.数据库的处理

上传bbs.sql

# 在mysql中建立bbs库,并导入数据库SQL脚本

mysql> create database bbs charset utf8mb4;
mysql> use bbs
mysql> source /opt/bbs.sql
mysql> grant all on *.* to bbs@'10.0.0.%' identified by '123';
# 为了安全性，为项目单独创建一个用户连接数据库，最好和项目同样

# MySQL用户的定义

# mysql用户权限 grant
grant all   # 全部权限  
grant select,update,insert # 增查改


# 该用户对哪一个库哪一个表的权限
# on 库名.表名
# on *.*：该用户拥有对全部库的全部表的权限

# USERNAME@'白名单'
# 白名单: 主机域IP地址

bbs@'localhost'                 # 本地访问
bbs@'10.0.0.110'                # 容许10.0.0.110访问
bbs@'10.0.0.%'                  # 容许10.0.0开头24位掩码的整个网段访问
bbs@'10.0.0.0/255.255.240.0'    # 容许255.255.240.0网段的10.0.0.0的访问
bbs@'10.0.0.5%'             # 容许10.0.0.50~59访问
bbs@'%'                     # 容许任意网络访问
    
    
# identified by '123'
# 设置密码为123

Django中数据库的连接

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'bbs',
        'HOST': "10.0.0.100",
        'USER': 'bbs',
        'PASSWORD': '123',
        'PORT': 3306,
    }
}

3.BBS项目部署

配置Nginx

vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/py.conf

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name 10.0.0.100;
    client_max_body_size 100M;
    
    location /static {
        alias /opt/BBS/static/;
    }

    location /media {
        alias /opt/BBS/media;
    }

    location / {
        index index.html;
        include uwsgi_params;
        uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9090;
        uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT BBS.wsgi;
        uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /opt/BBS;
    }
}

配置uwsgi

# 关闭全部已有的uwsgi进程
kill -9 `ps -ef |grep uwsgi|awk {'print $2'}`

# 在项目根目录建立
vim  uwsgi.ini

[uwsgi]
socket = 127.0.0.1:9090
master = true
workers = 2
reload-mercy = 10
vacuum = true
max-requests = 1000
limit-as = 512
buffer-size = 30000


# 启动uwsgi
uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini &

# 重启nginx
systemctl restart nginx

2、Python 在运维工做中的经典应用

1.ansible

# 经过ansible能够一次性配置多台电脑
# Linux的 SSHD(22)
# 验证方式:
#   (1)用户+密码(PAM)
#   (2)秘钥验证(公钥:钥匙和私钥:锁)
#       经过秘钥对实现,须要将公钥分发到各节点
# ansible管理被控端：管理机先生成秘钥，而后推送公钥给各个节点



# 1.安装ansible
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
    
yum install ansible -y


# 2.克隆一台虚拟机模拟
# 配置模拟机
# 主机名
hostnamectl set-hostname test

# 更改网络地址
# 要把UUID行删掉
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
IPADDR=10.0.0.200

# 更改地址以及对应主机名
vim /etc/hosts
10.0.0.200 standby

# 重启网卡
systemctl restart network



# 3.生成密钥对，并分发
# 生成一组密钥对
ssh-keygen

# 分配公钥给各节点
# 分发给一个节点，要记得给本身分发
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@10.0.0.100
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@10.0.0.200

# 循环分发多个节点
for i in {1..12};do ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@10.0.0.$i;done


# 测试是否联通10.0.0.200，若是显示时间，就说明联通了
# 如今能够链接一台
ssh 10.0.0.200 date



# 4.为了同时控制多台，要配置被管理的主机清单
vim /etc/ansible/hosts
# [web]：IP组名，能够按组来控制
[web]
10.0.0.100
10.0.0.200

# 5.使用ansible的ad-hoc测试是否控制多台
ansible all -m ping
10.0.0.100 | SUCCESS => {
    "changed": false, 
    "ping": "pong"
}
10.0.0.200 | SUCCESS => {
    "changed": false, 
    "ping": "pong"
}

ansible all -m shell -a "df -h"
10.0.0.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3        98G  3.4G   95G   4% /
devtmpfs        477M     0  477M   0% /dev
tmpfs           488M     0  488M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           488M  7.7M  480M   2% /run
tmpfs           488M     0  488M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1       197M  102M   96M  52% /boot
tmpfs            98M     0   98M   0% /run/user/0

10.0.0.200 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3        98G  1.6G   97G   2% /
devtmpfs        981M     0  981M   0% /dev
tmpfs           992M  124K  992M   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs           992M  9.6M  982M   1% /run
tmpfs           992M     0  992M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1       197M  102M   96M  52% /boot
tmpfs           199M     0  199M   0% /run/user/0




# 6.ansible playbook自动化安装nginx
vim  playbook_nginx.yml 

- hosts: web
  remote_user: root
  vars:
    http_port: 80
  tasks:
    # 第一步：配置YUM源
    - name: Add Nginx Yum Repository
      yum_repository:
        name: nginx
        description: Nginx Repository
        baseurl: http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/
        gpgcheck: no
    
    # 第二步：下载nginx
    - name: Install Nginx Server
      yum: 
        name=nginx state=present
    
    # 第三步：链接到配置文件并配置到各节点
    - name: Configure Nginx Server
      template: src=./default.conf.template dest=/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
      notify: Restart Nginx Server
    
    # 第四步：启动nginx服务
    - name: Start Nginx Server
      service: name=nginx state=started enabled=yes

  handlers:
    - name: Restart Nginx Server
      service: name=nginx state=
        
        
# default.conf.template文件以下
# 必须和上面的playbook_nginx.yml 在同一目录下
vim default.conf.template 

server {
    listen       {{ http_port }};
    server_name  localhost;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
}


# 7.执行ansible-playbook
# 检查语法
ansible-playbook --syntax playbook_nginx.yml     

# 模拟执行
ansible-playbook -C playbook_nginx.yml 

# 模拟执行没有错误，正常执行
ansible-playbook playbook_nginx.yml  


# 此时10.0.0.200：端口号就能够访问了