演示java类java
public class DemoService { public void doSomething(){ System.out.println("everything is all fine"); } }
演示配置spring
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import; @Configuration @Import(DemoService.class)//在spring 4.2以前是不不支持的 public class DemoConfig { }
运行spa
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext("com.wisely.spring4_2.imp"); DemoService ds = context.getBean(DemoService.class); ds.doSomething(); } }
输出结果.net
everything is all fine
①注解@Bean的属性initMethod, destroyMethod code
②接口InitializingBean, DisposableBeanxml
③注解@PostConstruct,@PreDestroy
都做用于一样的两个过程——初始化阶段和销毁阶段对象
1.1 定义接口
从定义能够看出,@Bean只能用于注解方法和注解的定义。ci
@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE}) @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
1.2 spring文档中对 @Bean的说明element
The @Bean
annotation is used to indicate that a method instantiates, configures and initializes a new object to be managed by the Spring IoC container.
For those familiar with Spring’s <beans/>
XML configuration the @Bean
annotation plays the same role as the <bean/>
element.
用@Bean注解的方法:会实例化、配置并初始化一个新的对象,这个对象会由spring IoC 容器管理。
实例:
@Configuration public class AppConfig { @Bean public MyService myService() { return new MyServiceImpl(); } }
至关于在 XML 文件中配置
<beans> <bean id="myService" class="com.acme.services.MyServiceImpl"/> </beans>
1.3 生成对象的名字:默认状况下用@Bean注解的方法名做为对象的名字。可是能够用 name属性定义对象的名字,并且还能够使用name为对象起多个名字。
@Configuration public class AppConfig { @Bean(name = "myFoo") public Foo foo() { return new Foo(); } }
@Configuration public class AppConfig { @Bean(name = { "dataSource", "subsystemA-dataSource", "subsystemB-dataSource" }) public DataSource dataSource() { // instantiate, configure and return DataSource bean... } }
@Bean 通常和 @Component或者@Configuration 一块儿使用。
@Component和@Configuration不一样之处
(1)This method of declaring inter-bean dependencies only works when the
@Bean
method is declared within a@Configuration
class. You cannot declare inter-bean dependencies using plain @Component
classes.
在 @Component 注解的类中不能定义 类内依赖的@Bean注解的方法。@Configuration能够。
@Configuration可理解为用spring的时候xml里面的<beans>标签
@Bean可理解为用spring的时候xml里面的<bean>标签