1、代码示例java
一、咱们在以前的Person类里新增一个两个属性,分别是客户的兴趣和生日,兴趣爱好有不少,咱们使用list进行保存,生日使用日期进行保存spring
public class Person { private String name; public Date birth; public Date getBirth() { return birth; } public void setBirth(Date birth) { this.birth = birth; } //兴趣爱好 public List<String> interests; public List<String> getInterests() { return interests; } public void setInterests(List<String> interests) { this.interests = interests; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public void sayHello(){ System.out.println("hello "+this.name); } }
二、在bean里咱们注入这两个参数缓存
<bean name="person" class="com.zjl.Person">
<property name="name" value="zhangsan"></property>
<property name="interests" value="足球,篮球"></property>
<property name="birth" value="2015-01-01"></property>
</bean>
三、测试代码,咱们打印出zhangsan的兴趣和生日ide
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml"); Person person=(Person)context.getBean("person"); System.out.println(person.interests); System.out.println(person.birth); } }
四、运行结果,很不幸,咱们收到了一个异常信息,提示不能将字符串转为日期格式源码分析
Cannot convert value of type [java.lang.String] to required type [java.util.Date] for property 'birth': no matching editors or conversion strategy found
五、回看第七章源码部分,咱们在源码的第10部分有以下代码,从系统获取一个conversionService,并将它放入到beanFactory中去,应该是转化,咱们找到conversionService的定义方法:测试
//查找是否有id为conversionService的bean,若是有,设置进beanFactory if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) && beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) { beanFactory.setConversionService( beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)); }
六、咱们试着写一个这样的beanui
<bean id="conversionService" class="com.zjl.MyConversionService"></bean>
七、类的构造以下this
public class MyConversionService implements ConversionService { @Override public boolean canConvert(Class<?> sourceType, Class<?> targetType) { //判断目标类型是不是Date if(Date.class.isAssignableFrom(targetType)){ return true; } System.out.println(targetType); return false; } @Override public boolean canConvert(TypeDescriptor sourceType, TypeDescriptor targetType) { //判断目标类型是不是Date if(Date.class.isAssignableFrom(targetType.getObjectType())){ return true; } // System.out.println(targetType); return false; } @Override public <T> T convert(Object source, Class<T> targetType) { // System.out.println("convert"); return null; } @Override public Object convert(Object source, TypeDescriptor sourceType, TypeDescriptor targetType) { //若是源类型是string,咱们直接将他转化为Date类型 if(String.class.isAssignableFrom(sourceType.getObjectType())){ DateFormat format=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); try { return format.parse((String) source); } catch (ParseException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } // System.out.println("convert1"); return null; } }
八、打印结果spa
[足球,篮球]
Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 CST 2015
到这里,例子基本已经完成了,但是仔细观察,咱们会发现其实还有些不完美的地方:rest
一、咱们写入了足球,篮球,做为两个兴趣,但是程序直接将他变成了一个爱好,也就是list.add("足球,篮球"),与咱们预想不一致。解决的思路咱们能够想象:再注入一个bean,将字符串按照指定字符分割,转为list,
二、因为spirng默认只能读取conversionService,咱们成功转化了字符串为日期,若是想完成第一步的转化就出现了问题,咱们不妨将多个conversion方法注入到bean-conversionService中,而后他依次调用和选择
2、源码分析
一、咱们看下spring中如何使用conversionService和帮咱们实现一些预制的转化方法的,将咱们本身定义的converter也注入进去
<bean id="conversionService" class="org.springframework.context.support.ConversionServiceFactoryBean"> <property name="converters"> <bean class="com.zjl.MyConverter"> </bean> </property> </bean>
二、咱们初始化bean的时候,跟踪代码到这里,获取了系统注入的conversionService
ConversionService conversionService = this.propertyEditorRegistry.getConversionService(); if (editor == null && conversionService != null && newValue != null && typeDescriptor != null) { TypeDescriptor sourceTypeDesc = TypeDescriptor.forObject(newValue); if (conversionService.canConvert(sourceTypeDesc, typeDescriptor)) { try { return (T) conversionService.convert(newValue, sourceTypeDesc, typeDescriptor); } catch (ConversionFailedException ex) { // fallback to default conversion logic below conversionAttemptEx = ex; } } }
三、到canConvert为在service中获取指定源格式和目标格式的converter,判断是否能够获取
public boolean canConvert(TypeDescriptor sourceType, TypeDescriptor targetType) { Assert.notNull(targetType, "targetType to convert to cannot be null"); if (sourceType == null) { return true; } GenericConverter converter = getConverter(sourceType, targetType); return (converter != null); }
四、在缓存中获取converter,若是没有,到set中获取,保存到缓存中,若是set也没有获取,保存为NO_MATCH
protected GenericConverter getConverter(TypeDescriptor sourceType, TypeDescriptor targetType) { ConverterCacheKey key = new ConverterCacheKey(sourceType, targetType); GenericConverter converter = this.converterCache.get(key); if (converter != null) { return (converter != NO_MATCH ? converter : null); } converter = this.converters.find(sourceType, targetType); if (converter == null) { converter = getDefaultConverter(sourceType, targetType); } if (converter != null) { this.converterCache.put(key, converter); return converter; } this.converterCache.put(key, NO_MATCH); return null; }
五、找到converter后,调用conversionService.convert(newValue, sourceTypeDesc, typeDescriptor),若是没有converter就直接抛出错误
GenericConverter converter = getConverter(sourceType, targetType); if (converter != null) { Object result = ConversionUtils.invokeConverter(converter, source, sourceType, targetType); return handleResult(sourceType, targetType, result); } return handleConverterNotFound(source, sourceType, targetType);
六、调用ConversionUtils.invokeConverter,调用converter的convert的方法
public static Object invokeConverter(GenericConverter converter, Object source, TypeDescriptor sourceType, TypeDescriptor targetType) { try { return converter.convert(source, sourceType, targetType); } catch (ConversionFailedException ex) { throw ex; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new ConversionFailedException(sourceType, targetType, source, ex); } }
七、至于convert方法中如何进行转化就全靠咱们本身写了
3、总结
对于spring的IOC中注入的参数,虽然都是字符串,可是通过系统提供的接口咱们能够将它与bean中字段的各类类型进行适配,适配过程须要定义conversionService,spring提供了默认的实现FactoryBean,他能够以set形式注入自定义的converter,也使用系统默认的转换器。
咱们来改造咱们以前的转换器,经过源代码能够看到Converter以泛型中的类型做为是否对这次数据转换的选择
public class MyConverter implements Converter<String,Date> { @Override public Date convert(String source) { DateFormat format=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); try { return format.parse((String) source); } catch (ParseException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } }