缺乏文档,如下信息是试出来的。。。html
串口设置:115200/数据位8/奇偶校验无/中止位1/流控无node
正常开机:D4红灯常亮,D一、D二、D5绿灯常亮linux
不正常开机1:D一、D2不亮ios
不正常开机2:D一、D2每秒一闪,每闪一次串口输出网址windows
uart下载:D一、D2亮一秒灭一秒缓存
1: lcd, exbus, sdram, iis/uart/iic,bash
2: u1d(s3c2410), u2, u3服务器
3: u4(E28F128J3A150, 3 Volt Intel StrataFlash), u28 (E28F128J3A150, 缓存),
j1(3p)网络
4: u5, u6 (K4S561632C, 内存)ide
5: u1a(s3c2410), j2(6p)
6: u1c(s3c2410), d1, d2
7: u1b (s3c2410), u7, sd1
8: u8, u9, u10 (UDA1341TS,音频编解码), j6, j7(20p)
9: u11, u12 (MAX3232, uart)
10: u13, d3
11: u14(K9F1208, nand flash)
12: u15, u16(K9F1208, 电源管理), u27, j3(sw), j8(dc jack), j9(20p), sw[1…6], d11
13: con1a, con1b, con3 (usb), j10(6p)
14: u17, u18, u19 (SN74LVTH162245, 总线收发器)
15: j11(30p), j12(30p)
16: u20(TL5632, DC转换), u21(VGAIN), u22, u29, u30(74LVXC3245, 电压电平转换)
17: u23(cs8900a), u24(HR601627, 网络滤波), u25(RJ45), j5(3p)
18: j13(40p), j14(16p), j15(10p)
19: u26(EPM3032, cpld), j16(10p)
http://www.hfrk.net Power on reset Read chip id = ec76 Nand flash status = c0 Env.Os_Auto_Flag=1 NAND Flash Boot Please select function : 0 : USB download file 1 : Uart download file 2 : Write Nand flash with download file 3 : Load Pragram from Nand flash and run 4 : Erase Nand flash regions 5 : Set boot params 6 : Run Wince 7 : Set AutoBoot parameter,1:linux 2:wince 8 : Test Power off 9 : test SDRAM Memory 4 Read chip id = ec76 Nand flash status = c0 Please select which region to erase : Esc to abort 0 : offset 0x0 , size 0x30000 [boot] 1 : offset 0x30000 , size 0x1d0000 [kernel] 2 : offset 0x200000 , size 0x600000 [rootfs] 3 : offset 0x800000 , size 0x800000 [ext-fs1] 4 : offset 0x1000000 , size 0x1000000 [ext-fs2] 5 : offset 0x2000000 , size 0x2000000 [ext-fs3]
以上分区设置为:
0 : offset 0x0 , size 0x30000 [boot] 0-192k,192k 1 : offset 0x30000 , size 0x1d0000 [kernel] 192k-2M,1856k 2 : offset 0x200000 , size 0x600000 [rootfs] 2M-8M,6M 3 : offset 0x800000 , size 0x800000 [ext-fs1] 8M-16M,8M 4 : offset 0x1000000 , size 0x1000000 [ext-fs2] 16M-32M,16M 5 : offset 0x2000000 , size 0x2000000 [ext-fs3] 32M-64M,32M
(看器件上印刷的文字,到网上搜索获得的结果)
text | description |
---|---|
E28F128J3A150 | Intel StrataFlash® Memory (J3) |
k4s561632h-uc75 | 256Mb H-die SDRAM 两条 (samsung) |
k9f1208u0b | 64M x 8 Bit NAND Flash Memory (samsung) |
CS8900A | 10Base-T (crystal) |
HR601627 | 10BASE-TX Isolation Transformer Modules (hanrun) |
lvth162245 | 3.3-V ABT 16-BIT BUS TRANSCEIVERS WITH 3-STATE OUTPUTS (TI) |
EPM3032A | Altera Corporation - Programmable Logic Device Family |
hfrk2410_A1.1 电路原理图
http://www.pudn.com/downloads169/sourcecode/embed/detail777772.html
hfrk2410开发板使用手册
http://wenku.baidu.com/view/becb1907bcd126fff7050b6c.html
(注:该手册错字错句特别多,有的地方代码错误,不和A1.1开发板彻底匹配。A1.1的手册没找到)
s3c2410 datasheet
http://www.pudn.com/downloads137/sourcecode/embed/detail586505.html
ARM 汇编指令参考手册
http://www.pudn.com/downloads32/sourcecode/embed/detail101963.html
bin和elf文件的关系和区别
http://blog.163.com/zhangmaochu@126/blog/static/3736062220105299305566/
U-Boot启动过程彻底分析
http://www.cnblogs.com/heaad/archive/2010/07/17/1779829.html
S3C2410-2440 bios启动流程
arm-linux启动流程
dnw.exe 串口调试软件(常常形成xp蓝屏重启,可是又找不到更好用的)
http://www.pudn.com/downloads63/sourcecode/windows/csharp/detail220105.html
bootusb usb驱动
http://www.pudn.com/downloads75/sourcecode/others/detail278486.html
ads1.2
sjf2410.exe jtag烧制工具
http://www.pudn.com/downloads37/sourcecode/embed/detail118295.html (不是必须的)
arm-linux-gcc3.4.1 (用来编译linux-2.6.14和busybox-1.1.0)
http://www.pudn.com/downloads57/sourcecode/embed/detail202446.html
arm-linux-gcc3.3.2 (用来编译u-boot-1.1.6)
http://download.csdn.net/detail/vkbbpfwxf/4187342 (用这个版原本编u-boot-1.1.6)
u-boot-1.1.6
s3c2410 bios v2
http://www.pudn.com/downloads93/sourcecode/embed/detail367341.html
(注:copy_proc_beg函数的第三行cmpr0, r1应为cmpr0, r2,不改也能凑合用)
linux-2.6.14
http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.14.tar.bz2
(注:Floating point emulation配置中需选择至少一项,不然内核加载后,用busybox制做的文件系统用户空间程序启动不了。我选的是NWFPE)
yaffs2
http://www.pudn.com/downloads125/sourcecode/unix_linux/detail530519.html
cs8900a驱动
http://www.pudn.com/downloads102/sourcecode/embed/detail417250.html
(注:文档中网卡驱动指定的irq是IRQ_EINT9,而电路图中是EINT8,以图为准)
busybox-1.1.0
只要解压到某个路径便可
一、首先修改Makefile
ARCH = arm CROSS_COMPILE = /mnt/sdb1/arm/3.4.1/bin/arm-linux-
二、在内核中加入yaffs和cs8900a网卡支持,方法参考hfrk开发板手册
三、配置内核
boot option: 选择启动命令,因为我将以后生成的文件系统安装在nfs上,因此个人命令行是:
console=ttySAC0,115200 root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=192.168.55.2:/mnt/sdb1/arm/nfsroot rw ip=192.168.55.3:192.168.55.2:192.168.55.1:255.255.255.0:hfrk2410:eth0:off init=/linuxrc
其中192.168.55.1是路由器地址,192.168.55.2是nfs服务器的地址,192.168.55.3是将要启动的linux的地址。
个人开发板自带bootloader中能够指定启动命令行,可是实际不起做用,我只能在内核编译选项里指定了。
Floating point emulation: 选择NWFPE device drivers->memory technology devices: 支持MTD device drivers->network devices support->Ethernet (10 or 100Mbit): 支持cs8900 device drivers->character devices->serial drivers: 带有s3c2410字样的都选上 file system->network filesystem: 支持nfs(由于我要将文件系统安装在nfs上) file system->misc filesystem: 支持yaffs和cramfs file system->pseudo filesystem: 有的文档说须要加入devfs的支持,我没有这样作
四、编译生成zImage,用来download到开发板内存中运行
使用busybox, make menuconfig->build option,
选择cross compiler的路径和前缀
若是不选择static binary,则编译安装完成后,须要将交叉编译工具库中的ld-linux.so.2
libc.so.6复制到目标文件系统的/lib目录
root [ /mnt/sdb1/arm/u-boot-1.1.6 ]# cat /etc/exports /mnt/sdb1/arm/nfsroot *(rw,sync,no_root_squash)
执行portmap和/etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs-server start
root [ /mnt/sdb1/arm/u-boot-1.1.6 ]# cat /etc/samba/smb.conf
[global] workgroup = WORKGROUP dos charset = cp437 unix charset = ISO-8859-1 security = share # [download] path = /mnt/sdb1/smb read only = no [uboot] path = /mnt/sdb1/arm/u-boot-1.1.6 read only = no [share] path = /usr/share read only = yes
执行smbd,中止killall smbd
建议使用usb下载,比串口快不少。DNW软件的USB配置地址默认为0x30500000,无需修改。
开发板上电,按0下载刚才生成的Image,并在下载完成后按Y运行。
http://www.hfrk.net Power on reset Read chip id = ec76 Nand flash status = c0 Env.Os_Auto_Flag=1 NAND Flash Boot Please select function : 0 : USB download file 1 : Uart download file 2 : Write Nand flash with download file 3 : Load Pragram from Nand flash and run 4 : Erase Nand flash regions 5 : Set boot params 6 : Run Wince 7 : Set AutoBoot parameter,1:linux 2:wince 8 : Test Power off 9 : test SDRAM Memory
本人没有清除nand flash上自带的bootloader,由于JTAG烧录器是并口的,并且淘宝上USB转并口的线不少只能用于打印机,而不能用于接JTAG
。我准备在nand上放两个bootloader:一个是板子上原有的,很方便,可是功能少了点,另外一个就是u-boot。
一、下载u-boot-1.1.6,修改Makefile
ifeq ($(ARCH),arm)
CROSS_COMPILE = /mnt/sdb1/arm/3.3.2/bin/arm-linux-
二、make smdk2410_config
三、make,顺利生成u-boot.bin
四、下载u-boot.bin到开发板,运行。木有反应。
此时不能printf,又没有仿真器,咋整?
想到开发板手册中有一段测试汇编代码,让板上的LED灯闪烁的,能够拿来插入到u-boot的启动代码中,若是u-
boot运行后灯闪了,说明已经运行到此处,若是不闪,则说明在此以前系统已经over了。
注意,手册中这段代码不支持GNU编译器,且注释中有不少错误。现修改成以下:
@============: @ zLed32 @============: #define rGPFCON 0x56000050 #define rGPFDAT 0x56000054 #define rGPFUP 0x56000058 .global zLed32 zLed32: zLed32go: mov r1, r0 mov r3, #32 zLoop: /*show r2*/ cmp r3, #0x0 beq zLoopEnd sub r3, r3, #2 mov r2, r1, lsr r3 and r2, r2, #3 bl zLedBlink bl zLedShow b zLoop zLoopEnd: mov ip,lr zloop2: b zloop2 zLedBlink: ldr r4,=rGPFCON ldr r5,=0x5000 str r5,[r4] ldr r4,=rGPFUP ldr r5,=0xffff str r5,[r4] ldr r4,=rGPFDAT ldr r5,=0x00c0 str r5,[r4] ldr r6,=0x200000 zBlinkDelay1: sub r6,r6,#1 cmp r6,#0x0 bne zBlinkDelay1 ldr r5,=0x0000 str r5,[r4] ldr r6,=0x200000 zBlinkDelay2: sub r6,r6,#1 cmp r6,#0x0 bne zBlinkDelay2 mov pc,lr zLedShow: ldr r4,=rGPFCON ldr r5,=0x5000 str r5,[r4] ldr r4,=rGPFUP ldr r5,=0xffff str r5,[r4] ldr r4,=rGPFDAT eor r2, r2, #0x3 mov r5, r2, lsl #6 str r5,[r4] ldr r6,=0x2000000 zShowDelay: sub r6,r6,#1 cmp r6,#0x0 bne zShowDelay mov pc,lr
通过本人屡次测试,发现程序在此处挂住:
board/smdk2410/lowlevel_init.S文件->lowlevel_init函数->str r3, [r1], #4
为何会挂住呢?哥的思考结果以下:
在此以前把r0设置为SMRDATA-_TEXT_BASE,也就是SMRDATA在程序中的偏移量。为啥要这样作,由于正常状况下,u-boot是烧写在nand的
最开始处,也就是0地址,执行这段代码时,u-boot还未拷贝到RAM中,所以须要从nand内读取须要的数据。而此时,程序是被原有的bootloader下载到
内存中运行的,nand中的数据显然不适合此处,咱们须要从内存中读取数据。那么咱们把r0的值保持为SMRDATA便可,注意,此处不能用原来代码中的ldr
r0, =SMRDATA,由于ldr指令装载的是_TEXT_BASE+offset,而不是SMRDATA在当前内存中的真正位置(_start+offset)
,咱们须要将这样改为adr r0,SMRDATA,另外,注释掉该行:sub r0, r0, r1 (若是不注释,则从0+offset开始读取)
注:在此以后,relocate(cpu/arm920t/start.S)程序会将内存中的uboot程序复制到_TEXT_BASE(0x33f80000),并
将pc改成_start_armboot函数的地址:ldr pc,
_start_armboot,此处用ldr而不是adr,就是让cpu到正确的地方(链接时决定的逻辑地址)开始运行,而不是刚才uboot所在的任意内存区。
六、从新编译u-boot,下载到任意地址(不要和自己的bootloader冲突),并运行,ok。如今把下载的内容写到nand的第二个分区(以前被kernel
占据),在老bootloader下按3,便可启动u-boot。
http://www.hfrk.net Power on reset Read chip id = ec76 Nand flash status = c0 Env.Os_Auto_Flag=1 NAND Flash Boot Please select function : 0 : USB download file 1 : Uart download file 2 : Write Nand flash with download file 3 : Load Pragram from Nand flash and run 4 : Erase Nand flash regions 5 : Set boot params 6 : Run Wince 7 : Set AutoBoot parameter,1:linux 2:wince 8 : Test Power off 9 : test SDRAM Memory 3 Read chip id = ec76 Nand flash status = c0 úøt boot params = root=/dev/mtdblock2 load_ramdisk=0 init=/linuxrc console=ttyS0 mem=64M devfs=mount U-Boot 1.1.6 (Oct 5 2013 - 13:29:50) U-Boot code: 33F80000 -> 33F97B58 BSS: -> 33F9C280 RAM Configuration: Bank #0: 30000000 64 MB Flash: 512 kB * Warning - bad CRC, using default environment In: serial Out: serial Err: serial SMDK2410 # SMDK2410 # SMDK2410 # bdinfo arch_number = 0x000000C1 env_t = 0x00000000 boot_params = 0x30000100 DRAM bank = 0x00000000 -> start = 0x30000000 -> size = 0x04000000 ethaddr = 00:00:00:00:00:00 ip_addr = 10.0.0.110 baudrate = 115200 bps SMDK2410 #
启动u-boot后,发现完美支持cs8900a网卡,配置好地址就能够经过tftp直接下载linux内核了。
SMDK2410 # setenv ethaddr 00:11:22:33:44:55 SMDK2410 # setenv ipaddr 192.168.55.9 SMDK2410 # setenv serverip 192.168.55.1 SMDK2410 # tftpboot 32000000 zImage
可是,u-boot不支持启动zImage镜像,必须转换为uImage才行。因而仿照go命令加了个新命令,用于执行zImage,不就是把PC指针指向下载zIm
age的物理内存地址么,这个简单,呵呵。(注意要设置r0,r1,r2三个寄存器,我只设置了前两个(0,193),也能凑合启动内核)。
zImage内核解压后,挂住了。用点灯的方式,能看到在enable mmu后,系统就马上玩完了,可是为啥呢,百思不得其解,折腾了好几天,终于发现,是内核启动
参数的问题。。。)在2.6以前的内核中0x30000100是内核启动参数的所在区域,其中命令行位于0x30000600。板子自带的坑爹bootloader,
把这块区域头写了个00001000 00004000,哥用uboot的mw命令将其清零(mw.l 30000100 0 2),再启动内核(go1 32000
000)。这回总算OK了。zImage的解压代码貌似会分析30000100开头的区域,并基于分析结果设置页的大小和数量,2.6的参数区格式与2.4不同,2
.4用的是struct param_struct,而2.6用的是tag,貌似不大兼容之前的格式,这段我没有展开分析,总之系统起来了就OK,哥的侧重点不在这。
config ARM_CS8900 tristate "CS8900 support" depends on NET_ETHERNET && ARM && Support for CS8900A chipset based Ethernet cards. If you have a network (Ethernet) card of this type, say Y and read the Ethernet-HOWTO, available from <http://www.tldp.org/docs.html#howto> as well as <file:Documentation/networking/cs89x0.txt>. To compile this driver as a module, choose M here and read <file:Documentation/networking/net-modules.txt>. The module will be called cs8900.o.
obj-$(CONFIG_ARM_CS8900) += cs8900.o
#define pSMDK2410_ETH_IO 0x19000000 #define vSMDK2410_ETH_IO 0xE0000000 #define SMDK2410_ETH_IRQ IRQ_EINT8 static struct map_desc smdk2410_iodesc[] __initdata = { {vSMDK2410_ETH_IO, __phys_to_pfn(pSMDK2410_ETH_IO), SZ_1M, MT_DEVICE}, /* nothing here yet */ };
Device Drivers --> Network device support --> Ethernet(10 or 100Mbit)--> <*>CS8900 support
static struct platform_device *smdk2410_devices[] __initdata = { &s3c_device_usb, &s3c_device_lcd, &s3c_device_wdt, &s3c_device_i2c0, &s3c_device_iis, &s3c_device_sdi, //zws };
2.修改drivers/mmc/host/s3cmci.c
static struct s3c24xx_mci_pdata s3cmci_def_pdata = { /* This is currently here to avoid a number of if (host->pdata) * checks. Any zero fields to ensure reaonable defaults are picked. */ /*zws .no_wprotect = 1, .no_detect = 1, */ .use_dma = 0, .gpio_detect = S3C2410_GPG(10), .gpio_wprotect = S3C2410_GPH(8), .set_power = NULL, .ocr_avail = MMC_VDD_32_33, };
3. make menuconfig
device driver -> mmc/sd/sdio card support,选中
MMC block device driver
Use bounce buffer for simple hosts(这个也许能够不选,我没试过)
Samsung S3C SD/MMC Card Interface support
file systems -> DOS/FAT/NT Filesystems,选中
VFAT (Windows-95) fs support
file systems -> Native language support,选中
Codepage 437 (United States, Canada)
NLS ISO 8859-1 (Latin 1; Western European Languages)
4.从新编译内核/模块
5.加载模块
insmod mmc_core.ko insmod mmc_block.ko insmod s3cmci.ko
会有如下输出:
s3c-sdi s3c2410-sdi: powered down. s3c-sdi s3c2410-sdi: mmc0 - using pio, sw SDIO IRQ
6.建立node文件
/ # ls /dev -l
crw--w--w- 1 0 4 5, 1 Sep 27 2013 console
brw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 31, 0 Sep 27 2013 mtdblk0
brw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 31, 1 Sep 27 2013 mtdblk1
brw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 31, 2 Sep 27 2013 mtdblk2
brw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 31, 3 Sep 27 2013 mtdblk3
brw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 31, 4 Sep 27 2013 mtdblk4
brw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 31, 5 Sep 27 2013 mtdblk5
crw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 1, 3 Sep 26 2013 null
brw-r--r-- 1 0 0 179, 0 Feb 26 2014 sd
brw-r--r-- 1 0 0 179, 1 Feb 27 2014 sd1
若是有卡,就能够直接mount -t vfs /dev/sd1 /mnt/sd
注意:如下工做(特别是内核选项)不少应该是没必要要的,尚待精简验证。
#include <linux/delay.h> #include <mach/regs-gpio.h> #include <mach/regs-clock.h> #include <plat/usb-control.h> //... static struct s3c2410_hcd_info usb_s3c2410_info = { /*zws*/ .port[0] = { .flags = S3C_HCDFLG_USED }, .port[1] = { .flags = S3C_HCDFLG_USED } }; int __init s3c2410_init_usb(void) /*zws*/ { unsigned long upllvalue; printk("USB Control, (c) 2006 pc104/n"); s3c_device_usb.dev.platform_data = &usb_s3c2410_info; s3c2410_modify_misccr(S3C2410_MISCCR_USBSUSPND0 | S3C2410_MISCCR_USBSUSPND1, 0x8); upllvalue = (0x78<<12)|(0x02<<4)|(0x03); while(upllvalue!=__raw_readl(S3C2410_UPLLCON)) { __raw_writel(upllvalue,S3C2410_UPLLCON); mdelay(1); } return 0; } //... static void __init smdk2410_init(void) { s3c_i2c0_set_platdata(NULL); platform_add_devices(smdk2410_devices, ARRAY_SIZE(smdk2410_devices)); smdk_machine_init(); s3c2410_init_usb();/*zws*/ }
2. make menuconfig
general setup-> Configure standard kernel features (for small systems) #除去Do an extra kallsyms pass,都选上 device drivers-> Block devices->Low Performance USB Block driver SCSI device support-> SCSI device support legacy /proc/scsi/ support SCSI disk support SCSI generic support Probe all LUNs on each SCSI device SCSI low-level drivers HID Devices-> Generic HID support USB Human Interface Device (full HID) support USB support-> Support for Host-side USB USB device filesystem (DEPRECATED) OHCI HCD support USB Mass Storage support 及其子项全选
从新编译内核、模块
用新内核启动,并加载模块
insmod scsi_mod.ko insmod scsi_wait_scan.ko insmod sg.ko insmod sd_mod.ko insmod nls_base.ko insmod fat.ko insmod vfat.ko insmod nls_cp437.ko insmod nls_iso8859-1.ko insmod usbcore.ko insmod ohci-hcd.ko insmod usb-storage.ko insmod ums-alauda.ko insmod ums-cypress.ko insmod ums-datafab.ko insmod ums-freecom.ko insmod ums-isd200.ko insmod ums-jumpshot.ko insmod ums-karma.ko insmod ums-onetouch.ko insmod ums-sddr09.ko insmod ums-sddr55.ko insmod ums-usbat.ko insmod ub.ko insmod usbhid.ko
输出:
SCSI subsystem initialized nls_base: exports duplicate symbol load_nls_default (owned by kernel) insmod: cannot insert `nls_base.ko': Invalid module format (-1): Exec format error usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs usbcore: registered new interface driver hub usbcore: registered new device driver usb ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: S3C24XX OHCI s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: irq 42, io mem 0x49000000 usb usb1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected usb 1-1: new full speed USB device using s3c2410-ohci and address 2 Initializing USB Mass Storage driver... usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage USB Mass Storage support registered. usb 1-1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice scsi0 : SCSI emulation for USB Mass Storage devices usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-alauda usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-cypress usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-datafab usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-freecom usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-isd200 usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-jumpshot usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-karma usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-onetouch usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-sddr09 usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-sddr55 usbcore: registered new interface driver ums-usbat usbcore: registered new interface driver ub usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid usbhid: v2.6:USB HID core driver /zws # scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access Generic- SD/MMC 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0 CCS sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0 sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 996352 512-byte logical blocks: (510 MB/486 MiB) sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through sda: sda1 sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Assuming drive cache: write through sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI removable disk
/ # ls /dev/ -l crw--w--w- 1 0 4 5, 1 Sep 27 2013 console brw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 31, 0 Sep 27 2013 mtdblk0 brw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 31, 1 Sep 27 2013 mtdblk1 brw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 31, 2 Sep 27 2013 mtdblk2 brw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 31, 3 Sep 27 2013 mtdblk3 brw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 31, 4 Sep 27 2013 mtdblk4 brw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 31, 5 Sep 27 2013 mtdblk5 crw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 1, 3 Sep 26 2013 null brw-r--r-- 1 0 0 179, 0 Feb 26 2014 sd brw-r--r-- 1 0 0 179, 1 Feb 27 2014 sd1 brw-r--r-- 1 0 0 8, 0 Feb 28 2014 sda brw-r--r-- 1 0 0 8, 1 Feb 28 2014 sda1 brw-r--r-- 1 0 0 8, 16 Feb 28 2014 sdb brw-r--r-- 1 0 0 8, 17 Feb 28 2014 sdb1 / # mount -t vfat /dev/sda1 /mnt/sda1 / # ls /mnt/sda1 360 anjuke613.apk 4779.zip atadspgresu.txt Android baidu BaiduMap bluetooth