Java反射机制、注解及JPA实现

一、java反射概述

　　JAVA反射机制是在运行状态中，对于任意一个实体类，都可以知道这个类的全部属性和方法；对于任意一个对象，都可以调用它的任意方法和属性；这种动态获取信息以及动态调用对象方法的功能称为java语言的反射机制。

　　Java的反射机制容许编程人员在对类未知的状况下，获取类相关信息的方式变得更加多样灵活，调用类中相应方法，是Java增长其灵活性与动态性的一种机制。

 

二、java注解

　　注解自己没有任何的做用。简单说和注释没啥区别，而它有做用的缘由是：注解解释类，也就是相关对代码进行解释的特定类。通常这些类使用反射是能够拿到的。Java 注解用于为 Java 代码提供元数据。做为元数据，注解不直接影响你的代码执行，但也有一些类型的注解实际上能够用于这一目的。Java 注解是从 Java5 开始添加到 Java 的。

 

3 、反射结合注解、自实现JPA、实体映射

　　话很少说、直接上干货

　　注解TableEntry：用于解释实体的表名

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
public @interface TableEntry { String tableName(); }

 

 ·PKField注解：用于解释主键及主键生成规则

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Documented
public @interface PKField { /* "ORCLE_SEQUENCE", "MYSQL_AUTO_INCREASING", "SELECTED_INCREASING", "CURE_UUID"*/ PkGeneratorEnum pkGenerator() default PkGeneratorEnum.SEQUENCE; String sequenceName() default ""; }

 

　　ColumnField注解：用于解释实体字段和数据库字段的对应

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Documented
public @interface ColumnField { String columnName(); }

 

 

　　Transient注解：用于描述无需查询出的实体属性

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Documented
public @interface Transient { String value() default ""; }

 

 实体映射接口

　　定义接口用于 获取实体

• 对应的表名
• 主键
• 主键生成规则
• sequence名

public interface EntryMapper {

     abstract String getEntryTableName(Class<?> clazz); abstract String[] getPKFieldName(Class<?> clazz); abstract String getSequenceName(Class<?> clazz); abstract PkGeneratorEnum getPkGenerator(Class<?> clazz); }

 

实体映射接口实现类

　　经过反射获取注解对应做用域提供的信息

public class JpaEntryMapper implements EntryMapper{

    public  String getEntryTableName(Class<?> clazz){ Assert.notNull(clazz, "clazz不能为空"); TableEntry tableAnno=(TableEntry) clazz.getAnnotation(TableEntry.class); Assert.notNull(tableAnno, "TableEntry注解未设置"); Assert.state(StringUtil.isNotEmpty(tableAnno.tableName()), "tableAnno.tableName未设置"); return StringUtil.toUpperCase(tableAnno.tableName()); } public String[] getPKFieldName(Class<?> clazz){ Assert.notNull(clazz, "clazz不能为空"); Field[] fields= clazz.getDeclaredFields(); int pkArrLen=(fields.length>10?10:fields.length); // String[] pkArr=new String[pkArrLen];  List<String> pk_list = new ArrayList<String>(pkArrLen); for(int i=0; i < fields.length ; i++){ if("serialVersionUID".equalsIgnoreCase(fields[i].getName()))continue; PKField pkField = fields[i].getAnnotation(PKField.class); if(pkField != null){ ColumnField columnField = fields[i].getAnnotation(ColumnField.class); if(columnField==null){ //未设置columnField注解默认属性值  pk_list.add(StringUtil.toLowerCase(fields[i].getName())); }else{ pk_list.add(StringUtil.toLowerCase(columnField.columnName())); } } } Assert.notEmpty(pk_list, "PKField未设置或ColumnField未设置"); return pk_list.toArray(new String[0]); } public String getSequenceName(Class<?> clazz){ Assert.notNull(clazz, "clazz不能为空"); Field[] fields= clazz.getDeclaredFields(); for(Field field : fields){ if("serialVersionUID".equalsIgnoreCase(field.getName()))continue; PKField pkField = field.getAnnotation(PKField.class); if(pkField != null){ if(StringUtil.isNotEmpty(pkField.sequenceName())){ return StringUtil.toUpperCase(pkField.sequenceName()); } } } Assert.state(false, "pkField.sequenceName未设置"); return null; } public PkGeneratorEnum getPkGenerator(Class<?> clazz){ Assert.notNull(clazz, "clazz不能为空"); Field[] fields= clazz.getDeclaredFields(); for(Field field : fields){ if("serialVersionUID".equalsIgnoreCase(field.getName()))continue; PKField pkField = field.getAnnotation(PKField.class); if(pkField != null){ // Assert.notNull(pkField.pkGenerator(), "pkField.pkGenerator未设置"); if(pkField.pkGenerator()!=null){ return pkField.pkGenerator(); } } } Assert.state(false, "PKField未设置"); return null; } }

 

抽象sql中的where 条件 和 whereUnit单元

 

Where类

public class Where {
    
    
    private List<WhereUnit> whereUnitList ; private boolean isNamed = false ; public Where(){ whereUnitList = new ArrayList<WhereUnit>() ; } public Where(boolean isNamed){ this(); this.isNamed=isNamed; } public Where(Object inputDto,boolean isNamed){ this(isNamed); initEntry(inputDto); } public Where(Object inputDto){ this(); initEntry(inputDto); } public Where and(String colName ,String comparator ,Object colVal) { add(new WhereUnit("AND",colName,comparator,colVal)); return this; } public Where or(String colName ,String comparator ,Object colVal) { add(new WhereUnit("OR",colName,comparator,colVal)); return this; } public boolean add(WhereUnit unit) { return whereUnitList.add(unit); } public WhereUnit get(int index) { return whereUnitList.get(index); } public WhereUnit set(int index,WhereUnit unit) { if(index<0 || index >= size() ){ throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("setUnit的index超出List的长度"); } return whereUnitList.set(index, unit); } public Iterator<WhereUnit> iterator(){ return whereUnitList.iterator(); } public WhereUnit remove(int index) { return whereUnitList.remove(index); } public boolean remove(WhereUnit unit) { return whereUnitList.remove(unit); } public int size() { return whereUnitList.size(); } public int indexOf(WhereUnit unit) { return whereUnitList.indexOf(unit); } public StringBuffer toSqlString(){ StringBuffer where_Buffer=new StringBuffer(" WHERE 1=1 "); Iterator<WhereUnit> iter=whereUnitList.iterator(); while(iter.hasNext()){ WhereUnit unit = iter.next(); Assert.notNull(unit,"WhereUnit不未空"); where_Buffer.append(unit.toSqlString(this.isNamed)); } return where_Buffer; } public Object[] getParamterValArr(){ List<Object> paras= new ArrayList<Object>(size()); Iterator<WhereUnit> iter = whereUnitList.iterator(); while(iter.hasNext()){ WhereUnit unit =iter.next(); if("IN".equalsIgnoreCase(unit.getComparetor())){ continue; } paras.add(unit.getColVal()); } return paras.toArray(); } public Map<String,Object> getParamterMap(){ Map<String,Object> para_map= new HashMap<String,Object>(size()); Iterator<WhereUnit> iter = whereUnitList.iterator(); while(iter.hasNext()){ WhereUnit unit =iter.next(); if("IN".equalsIgnoreCase(unit.getComparetor())){ continue; } para_map.put( unit.getColName(),unit.getColVal()); } return para_map; } private void initEntry(Object entry) { // TODO Assert.notNull(entry, "entry不为空"); Assert.notNull(whereUnitList, "whereUnitList不为空"); Class<?> entry_class = entry.getClass(); try{ Field[] fields = entry_class.getDeclaredFields(); for(Field field : fields){ String field_name = field.getName(); if(field_name.equalsIgnoreCase("serialVersionUID"))continue; String read_method_name = "get"+StringUtil.toUpperFristChar(field_name); Method read_method= entry_class.getDeclaredMethod(read_method_name); Object field_val = read_method.invoke(entry); if ( field_val != null ){ ColumnField columnFieldAnno = field.getAnnotation(ColumnField.class); if(columnFieldAnno == null){ and(field_name,"=",field_val); }else{ and(columnFieldAnno.columnName(),"=",field_val); } } } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }

WhereUnit类

public class WhereUnit {
    
    private String colName; private String comparetor; private String linkSign; private Object colVal; public WhereUnit(){} public WhereUnit(String linkSign, String colName , String comparetor,Object colVal){ this.linkSign=linkSign; this.colName=colName; this.comparetor=comparetor; this.colVal=colVal; } public String getColName() { return colName; } public void setColName(String colName) { this.colName = colName; } public Object getColVal() { return colVal; } public void setColVal(Object colVal) { this.colVal = colVal; } public String getComparetor() { return comparetor; } public void setComparetor(String comparetor) { this.comparetor = comparetor; } public String getLinkSign() { return linkSign; } public void setLinkSign(String linkSign) { this.linkSign = linkSign; } public StringBuffer toSqlString(boolean isNamed){ StringBuffer unit_Buffer = new StringBuffer(); unit_Buffer.append(" ").append(linkSign).append(" ").append(colName).append(" ").append(comparetor); if("IN".equalsIgnoreCase(comparetor)){ unit_Buffer.append(" (").append(colVal).append(") ");; }else{ if(isNamed){ unit_Buffer.append(" :"+colName+" "); }else{ unit_Buffer.append(" ? "); } } return unit_Buffer; } }

 

 

 

JpaService接口定义经常使用的方法

public interface JpaService {

    <T> T findById(Class<T> clazz, Long id); <T> T findById(Class<T> clazz, Where pks_where); <T> T findById(Class<T> clazz, Long id, Boolean cascade); <T> T findById(Class<T> clazz, Where pks_where, Boolean cascade); <T> List<T> findList(T inputDto); <T> List<T> findList(Class<T> clazz, Where where, OrderBy orderby); <T> List<T> findList(Class<T> clazz, Where where); List<Map<String,Object>> findList(String tableName, Where where, OrderBy orderby); List<Map<String,Object>> findList(String tableName, Where where); <T> List<T> findAll(Class<T> clazz); <T> List<T> findAll(Class<T> clazz, OrderBy orderby); List<Map<String,Object>> findAll(String tableName); List<Map<String,Object>> findAll(String tableName, OrderBy orderby); <T> Pager<T> findPager(Class<T> clazz, Pager<T> pager, Where where); <T> Pager<T> findPager(Class<T> clazz, Pager<T> pager); <T> Pager<T> findPager(Class<T> clazz, Pager<T> pager, Where where, OrderBy orderby); Long selectTotal(String tableName, Where where); Long selectTotal(Class<?> clazz, Where where); <T> List<T> selectPageList(Class<T> clazz, Pager<T> pager, Where where, OrderBy orderby); int insert(Object entry); int insert(Class<?> clazz,SqlSet sql_set); int update(Object entry); int update(Class<?> clazz, SqlSet sql_set); long insertUseKey(Object t); long insertUseKey(Class<?> clazz, SqlSet sql_set); int delete(Class<?> clazz, Long id); int delete(Class<?> clazz, Where pk_where); Long getSeq(Class<?> clazz); }

 

实现JpaService的接口，就能愉快的经过jpaService直接调用经常使用的方法啦

 

 

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