使用SpringCloud-Netflix

时间  2019-11-29
标签 使用 springcloud netflix 栏目 硅谷 繁體版
原文   原文链接

目录css

SpringCloud-Netflix

Spring Cloud 是一个相对比较新的微服务框架，2016 才推出 1.0 的 Release 版本. 可是其更新特别快，几乎每 1-2 个月就有一次更新，虽然 Spring Cloud 时间最短, 可是相比 Dubbo 等 RPC 框架, Spring Cloud 提供的全套的分布式系统解决方案。
Spring Cloud 为开发者提供了在分布式系统（配置管理，服务发现，熔断，路由，微代理，控制总线，一次性 Token，全局琐，Leader 选举，分布式 Session，集群状态）中快速构建的工具，使用 Spring Cloud 的开发者能够快速的启动服务或构建应用、同时可以快速和云平台资源进行对接。java

配置统一依赖管理

建立方法，直接建立文件夹而后写pom.xml
首先建立一个依赖模块，直接建立文件夹hello-spring-cloud做为总的工程目录，而后再在hello-spring-cloud下建立hello-spring-cloud-dependencies做为全部模块的父类git

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.outlook.liufei32</groupId>
    <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <name>hello-spring-cloud-dependencies</name>
    <url>https://github.com/Swagger-Ranger</url>
    <inceptionYear>2018-Now</inceptionYear>

    <properties>
        <!-- Environment Settings -->
        <java.version>1.11</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

        <!-- Spring Settings -->
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- Compiler 插件, 设定 JDK 版本 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <!-- 打包 jar 文件时，配置 manifest 文件，加入 lib 包的 jar 依赖 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <archive>
                        <addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <configuration>
                            <archive>
                                <manifest>
                                    <!-- Add directory entries -->
                                    <addDefaultImplementationEntries>true</addDefaultImplementationEntries>
                                    <addDefaultSpecificationEntries>true</addDefaultSpecificationEntries>
                                    <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                                </manifest>
                            </archive>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

            <!-- resource -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- install -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- clean -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- ant -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

            <!-- dependency -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>

        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <!-- Java Document Generate -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <phase>prepare-package</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>jar</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                </plugin>

                <!-- YUI Compressor (CSS/JS压缩) -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>net.alchim31.maven</groupId>
                    <artifactId>yuicompressor-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>1.5.1</version>
                    <executions>
                        <execution>
                            <phase>prepare-package</phase>
                            <goals>
                                <goal>compress</goal>
                            </goals>
                        </execution>
                    </executions>
                    <configuration>
                        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                        <jswarn>false</jswarn>
                        <nosuffix>true</nosuffix>
                        <linebreakpos>30000</linebreakpos>
                        <force>true</force>
                        <includes>
                            <include>**/*.js</include>
                            <include>**/*.css</include>
                        </includes>
                        <excludes>
                            <exclude>**/*.min.js</exclude>
                            <exclude>**/*.min.css</exclude>
                        </excludes>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>

        <!-- 资源文件配置 -->
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <excludes>
                    <exclude>**/*.java</exclude>
                </excludes>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>aliyun-repos</id>
            <name>Aliyun Repository</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>

        <repository>
            <id>sonatype-repos</id>
            <name>Sonatype Repository</name>
            <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>sonatype-repos-s</id>
            <name>Sonatype Repository</name>
            <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>

        <repository>
            <id>spring-snapshots</id>
            <name>Spring Snapshots</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>spring-milestones</id>
            <name>Spring Milestones</name>
            <url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

    <pluginRepositories>
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>aliyun-repos</id>
            <name>Aliyun Repository</name>
            <url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
            <releases>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </releases>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>
</project>

建立服务注册中心

1.在总目录hello-spring-cloud下新建hello-spring-cloud-eureka目录，eureka就是服务注册与发现模块

配置pom.xmlgithub

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.outlook.liufei32</groupId>
        <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../hello-spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-eureka</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>hello-spring-cloud-eureka</name>
    <url>https://github.com/Swagger-Ranger</url>
    <inceptionYear>2018-Now</inceptionYear>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <!--<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>-->
            <!--<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>-->
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <!--指定启动的入口类，由于微服务是jar包运行，jar的运行方式：java -jar 入口类名-->
                    <mainClass>com.outlook.liufei32.hello.spring.cloud.eureka.EurekaApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

完善maven结构，并新建出启动目录和资源目录

建立application入口，即jar的启动类EurekaApplication注意命令格式为模块名+application；和配置文件application.yml配置服务注册
276a7dedba69ffbda6307f05d85a81ec.pngweb

application.ymlspring

spring:
  application:
    name: hello-spring-cloud-eureka

server:
  port: 8761

eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: localhost
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false
    fetchRegistry: false
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/

EurekaApplication.javaapache

package com.outlook.liufei32.hello.spring.cloud.eureka;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

/*******************************************************************************
 * @Copyright (C), 2018-2019,github:Swagger-Ranger 
 * @FileName: EurekaApplication
 * @Author: liufei32@outlook.com
 * @Date: 2019/4/2 11:01
 * @Description: eureka入口类
 * @Aha-eureka:
 *******************************************************************************/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer//开启eureka服务端，全部的服务提供者都要用这个注解注册到eureka服务端,而服务消费者则是@EnableDiscoveryClient注解
public class EurekaApplication {

    public static void main( String[] args ) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaApplication.class);
    }
}

启动多个服务提供者提供负载均衡

1.在IDE配置中设置多个实例并行a37768a4e78b397f83a6a9f2b411f715.png
2.再修改配置里的端口
4d8a7100aad8e6772626311f7be0c32d.png
3.启动服务的启动类，就能看到多个实例并行
741bd324f69068b5b0ed33aaf702f012.png浏览器

注意事项

注意maven依赖，经常版本不对应会致使服务注册没法启动，包括JDK的版本，我使用Java11没法启动，但使用Java8则正常
启动成功则在浏览器中访问配置的注册中心IP+端口就能访问
5c6c4fed80734c96f95e468d79c65754.pngapp

建立服务提供者

建立服务提供者，直接在总包下新建hello-spring-cloud-service-服务模块名，而后相同的步骤，配置pom.xml导入maven依赖，配置启动类Application，配置配置文件application.yml负载均衡

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.outlook.liufei32</groupId>
        <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../hello-spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-service-admin</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>hello-spring-cloud-service-admin</name>
    <url>https://github.com/Swagger-Ranger</url>
    <inceptionYear>2019-Now</inceptionYear>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.outlook.liufei32.hello.spring.cloud.service.admin.ServiceAdminApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: hello-spring-cloud-service-admin

server:
  port: 8762

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/   #注册到注册端

ServiceAdminApplication.java

package com.outlook.liufei32.hello.spring.cloud.service.admin;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

/*******************************************************************************
 * @Copyright (C), 2018-2019,github:Swagger-Ranger 
 * @FileName: ServiceAdminApplication
 * @Author: liufei32@outlook.com
 * @Date: 2019/4/2 15:25
 * @Description: admin服务的入口类
 * @Aha-eureka:
 *******************************************************************************/
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ServiceAdminApplication {
    public static void main( String[] args ) {
        SpringApplication.run(ServiceAdminApplication.class);
    }
}

完成后能够新建一个controller测试返回，而后在浏览器中测试http://localhost:8762/hi?message=wagger-ranger
e11deac6073d417762897fd97d6b7627.png

注册成功后在服务端的web页面上就能看到注册的服务，
当 Client 向 Server 注册时，它会提供一些元数据，例如主机和端口，URL，主页等。Eureka Server 从每一个 Client 实例接收心跳消息。 若是心跳超时，则一般将该实例从注册 Server 中删除。
abfe6b66759ce3ae3ee40ce1de577f3c.png

建立服务消费者

springcloud-Netflix建立服务消费者

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